Burns

Front 1

What is the pathophysiology of a Burn?

Back 1

tissue destruction can cause many local and systemic problems including fluid and protein losses, sepsis, and disturbance of the metabolic, endocrine, respiratory, cardiac, hematologic and immune systems.

Front 2

What are the 5 types of burns?

Back 2

Superficial
Partial-thickness * superficial and deep
Full thickness (escar develops)
Deep full-thickness

Front 3

Describe a superficial burn

Back 3

pink to red color, mild edema, no blisters. EX: sunburn, flash burn

Front 4

Describe Partial-thickness superficial

Back 4

*Pink to red skin, moist
*Mild to moderate edema
* intense Pain
*Blisters
*approx 2 wks to heal
EX: scalds, flames

Front 5

Describe Partial-thickness deep burn

Back 5

*deeper into the dermis
*red to white skin,waxy without vesicles
*Moderate edema
*pain
*escar
* blood supply < = vasoconstriction
* may progress to deeper involvement
*2-6 wk healing
*grafts might be used
*EX: scalds, flames, tar, grease, chemicals

Front 6

Describe Full-thickness burns

Back 6

* enditre epidermal and dermal layers involved.
*black, brown, yellow, white or ered skin
*No epidermal tissue
* servere edema
* pain
*eschar Must be removed for healing
*weeks to months to heal
Skin grafts required (>12-16)
Escharotomy/or Fasciotomy may be necessary

Front 7

Descrobe Deep Full thickness burns

Back 7

Extend into fasica/tissues/bones
black skin
Eschar present
Weeks to months to heal
Grafts required
EX: flames, electricity, grease , tar, chemicals

Front 8

why are there vascular changes resulting from burns?

Back 8

Damaged macrophages within the tissue realease chemicals that intially preoduce vasoconstriction. Following vasoconstriction the vesels dilate.Which causes increased capillary premeability.

Front 9

What is third spacing?

Back 9

leaking of plasma from the intravascular space into the interstitial space. Resulting in a decreased colloidal osmotic pressure in the vascular space. This caused edema.

Front 10

As a result of 3rd spacing what can you see imbalances of?

Back 10

F & E ,
acid-base
hypovolemia
metabolic acidosis,
hyperkalemia
hyponatremia
hemoconcentration

Front 11

The Inflammatory response gradually subsides within ...

Back 11

24-36 hrs. the fluids shift back into the circulation. thus called Remobilization

Front 12

What phase will you usually see hyponatremia, anemia, and hypoKalemia?

Back 12

Fluid Remobilization. as inflammatory responses decrease. Na lost through wounds, K returns to intracellular compartment, anemia as a reult of hemodilution.

Front 13

Pulmonary changes are a major couse of morbidity T or F?

Back 13

T

Front 14

What is a Curlings ulcer and where is it

Back 14

GI ulcer may develp within 24 hr after a severe burn injury.

Front 15

What drugs are used to decrease chances of developing Curlings ulcer?

Back 15

Taament, Zantac or Carafate

Front 16

What are some metabolic changes you will see with burns?

Back 16

hypermetabolic state requiring > calories and protein up to 5000. these req peak 4-12 days after burn and can last months
* > body core tem, low-grade T
* > oxygen requirements

Front 17

The Sympathetic nervous system response is a compensatory response describe this.

Back 17

evident in cardiovasuclar, respiratory and GI system.

Front 18

when is the emergent phase and what do you assess?

Back 18

1st hr
airway important
circulation
limit extent of injury
Maintain Vital organ functions
obtain hx