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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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K' =
conjugate acid = conjugate base = |
[H+][B-]/[HB]
conj. acid = HB conj. base = B- |
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Kwater = 10E? = ?
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Kw = 10E-14 = [H3O+][OH-]
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if pH = 3 then [H+] = 10E?
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pH = -log[H+]
pH=3, [H+]=10E-3 |
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logaEn =
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n(loga)
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log(a/b) =
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loga-logb
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HH equation
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pH = pK' +log([B]/[HB])
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buffer with pH 4.75
0.02 M [B-] 0.08 M [HB] add 0.03 M [OH-] what is new pH? |
4.75, as log(1)=0
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Phi angle of peptide is?
Psi angle of peptide is? |
Phi = N-C
Psi = C-C |
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H bonds are approx how long and what shape?
alpha Helix has how many aa/360o turn? 3-10 helix compared to alpha helix is? how many H bonds/peptide bonds? example of alpha helix protein |
~3 angstroms, and linear
3.6 aa /360o turn is shorter, 3-10 has more aa/turn 2 H bonds / peptide bond myoglobin |
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globular proteins are hydrophillic on what side?
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globular are hydrophillic on the outside
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shape of Fibrous proteins
Keratin/Tropomyosin Elastin Collagen |
Keratin/Tropomyosin - alpha helix
Elastin - crosslinked w/o regular structure Collagen - triple helix |
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Intrinsic versus Extrinsic membrane proteins?
example anchor for extrinsic? |
intrinsic - membrane spanning regions
extrinsic - bind to phospholipid headgroups an anchor could be glycosyl-phosphatidyl-inositol |
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Fe2+ needs how many ligands
how many from porphyrin ring, how many from Hb, how many from O2? When O2 binds, what happens? And this is known as |
6 ligands: 4 heme, 1 Hb (H92), 1 O2
porphorin ring flattnes, H63 interacts with O2, positive co-operativity |
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CO2 changes affinity of Hb for O2 how?
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lower pH, lower affinity
HCO3- binds to N terminus |
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Bohr effect in hb- ionization state of which aa?
Deprotonated favors which form of Hb? |
His 146.
deprotonated favors O2-Hb |
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2,3 di-phospho-glycerate works how and why?
Is found more in ? |
lowers O2 affinity of Hb to increase O2 in tissues by binding between beta chains
more in smokers and higher altitudes |
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hereditary chronic pancreatitis?
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mutation at auto cleavage site of trypsinogen (R122H)
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-Higher temp, lower pH, added DPG does what to O2 curve?
-lower temp, basic, stripped Hb and fetal blood does what to O2 curve? |
-high temp, acid and DPG shift to right (more in tissues)
-low temp, base, 'pure' Hb, fetal Hb shift to left (stronger binding) |
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Michaelis-Menton Equation?
when [S]=Km, then Vo = |
Vo = (Vmax[S])/(Km+[S])
when [S]=Km, then Vo = Vmax/2 |
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Equation for line
Lineweaver-Burk equation? y intercept equals? x intercept equals? competitive inhibition causes? noncompetitive inhibition 'usually' causes? |
y= mx + b
1/Vo = (Km/Vmax)*(1/[S]) + 1/Vmax y intercept = 1/Vmax x intercept = - 1/Km ~competitive inhibition increases slope: x intercept to right (increases apparent Km) ~noncompetitive inhibition increases slope: y intercept (decreases apparent Vmax) |
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Three different ways antibiotics can work, with examples?
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cells wall synthesis - beta lactams
DNA replication - coumarin, quinolones Protein synthesis - tetracyclines, chloroamphenical |
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Penicillin acts how during enzymatic inhibition?
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transition state analog: mimicking D-alanyl-D-alanine at end of peptidoglycan strand
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Two examples of anti-virals?
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AZT - inhibit HIV reverse transcriptase
FIAU - nucleoside analog |
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Allosteric regulation and sigmoidal kinetics, positive and negative effectors?
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binding away from active sites: Positive shifts curve to left, negative to right
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