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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Swelling along the axon that releases transmitter rather than a terminal synapse.
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En Passant Synapse
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Preganglionic autonomic transmitters
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Ach
Substance P Galanin |
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Sympathetic innervation of smooth muscles frequently involves 3 transmitters released:
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ATP
NE Neuropeptide Y |
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What is the role of guanylyl cyclase?
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Binds to NO, results in production of cGMP which induces smooth muscle relaxation.
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Describe the mechanism of VIP in parasympathetic smooth muscle cells.
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Operates via G-protein coupled receptor. Reduces [Ca] and causes the second phase of relaxation (NO is responsible for the first).
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What are the 3 phases of tension generation in sympathetic smooth muscle cells?
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ATP receptor is ionotropic. Opens Ca channels, causes contraction. Fast phase.
NE via alpha-1 activates PLC resulting in Ca release. Slower phase NeuropeptideY via Y1 receptor induces increase in [Ca]. Slowest phase. |
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The parasympathetic system is restricted in its distribution to:
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The head, neck, and body cavities
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Sympathetic neurons have a (long|short) preganglionic axon and a (long|short) postganglionic axon.
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short
long |
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Parasympathetic neurons have a (long|short) preganglionic axon and a (long|short) postganglionic axon.
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Long
Short |
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Cranial and sacral nerves that produce parasympathetic outflow.
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Crainial:
III (occulomotor) VII (facial) IX (glossopharyngeal) X (vagus) Sacral nerves Segments S2-S4 |
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Postganglionic receptor type for both sympathetic and parasympathetic.
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Nicotinic N2
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Target receptors for sympathetic NS.
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α and or β adrenergic
Exceptions are sweat glands and smooth muscle on vasculature in deep skeletal muscle |
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Target receptors for parasympathetic NS.
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Muscarinic.
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In the autonomic sensory pathway, nociceptive information is mostly carried by:
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sympathetic nerves
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In the autonomic sensory pathway, physiological (viscerel stretch, touch and specialized receptors) information is mostly carried by:
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parasympathetic nerves
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