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22 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Yo. What are the three main indications for hepatobiliary surgery?
Biopsy
Tumor excision
Portosystemic shunt correction
What biopsy method would be used when...
...the lesion is in the middle of the lobe and superficial to the capsule?
Punch biopsy
What liver biopsy method would be used when...
...surgery is not a viable option?
Percutaneous biopsy
What biopsy method would be used when...
...the lesion is at a lobe edge?
Guillotine
What are the three divisions of the liver and what is found in each division?
Left - L medial and lateral lobes
Middle - Quadrate and R Medial lobes; also gallbladder
Right - R Lateral and Caudate lobe (with caudate and papillary processes)
Why is surgery on the right side of the liver harder than the left?
No obvious hilus for each lobe on the right; also vena cava is closely associated with the right
T or F:
The papillary process is on the left side of the liver.
I say true! Even though it is associated with the right division (its hilus is on the right), the process is mostly over on the left under the L. lateral lobe
What is the most common hepatic tumor of the dog? What is its prognosis?
Massive hepatocellular carcinoma
GREAT prognosis
The portal vein is created when which two veins converge?
cranial and caudal mesenteric veins
which organs does the portal system drain?
Spleen, pancreas, and GI (not stomach)
Why do many PSS cases have concurrent microhepatica?
Hepatic growth factors (insulin and glucagon) do not drain into portal system.
What is the common signalment for an animal with an extrahepatic portal shunt?
Small young dog (yorkie)
What is the common signalment for a dog with an intrahepatic portal shunt?
Big breed young dog
T or F:
PSS in cats are usually extrahepatic.
True
Which is needed to diagnose a PSS? Both pre and post prandial bile acids or a single bile acid test?
A single test will work if acids are high. However, the animal may need to be stimulated before the test with high fat foods.
What is probably the best diagnostic test for PSS diagnosis?
Nuclear scintigraphy
Which drug can directly decrease ammonia in the GI system?
Lactulose (reduce NH3 to NH4)
What is a good antibiotic choice to control intestinal bacteria in a dog with a PSS and why?
Neomycin; its not absorbed in the GI very well.
What device is used to ligate a PSS?
Ameroid constrictor
What is one of the worst post-op prognostic indicators for PSS repair?
post-ligation seizures
Inverted eyelids are called...
Everted eyelids are called...
...entropion
...ectropion
How are entropions repaired? Describe suture type, size, placement, and pattern.
Hotz-Celsus procedure using multifilament 4-0 to 5-0 placed 2-3 mm apart in simple interrupted pattern.