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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Yo. What are the three main indications for hepatobiliary surgery?
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Biopsy
Tumor excision Portosystemic shunt correction |
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What biopsy method would be used when...
...the lesion is in the middle of the lobe and superficial to the capsule? |
Punch biopsy
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What liver biopsy method would be used when...
...surgery is not a viable option? |
Percutaneous biopsy
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What biopsy method would be used when...
...the lesion is at a lobe edge? |
Guillotine
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What are the three divisions of the liver and what is found in each division?
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Left - L medial and lateral lobes
Middle - Quadrate and R Medial lobes; also gallbladder Right - R Lateral and Caudate lobe (with caudate and papillary processes) |
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Why is surgery on the right side of the liver harder than the left?
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No obvious hilus for each lobe on the right; also vena cava is closely associated with the right
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T or F:
The papillary process is on the left side of the liver. |
I say true! Even though it is associated with the right division (its hilus is on the right), the process is mostly over on the left under the L. lateral lobe
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What is the most common hepatic tumor of the dog? What is its prognosis?
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Massive hepatocellular carcinoma
GREAT prognosis |
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The portal vein is created when which two veins converge?
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cranial and caudal mesenteric veins
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which organs does the portal system drain?
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Spleen, pancreas, and GI (not stomach)
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Why do many PSS cases have concurrent microhepatica?
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Hepatic growth factors (insulin and glucagon) do not drain into portal system.
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What is the common signalment for an animal with an extrahepatic portal shunt?
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Small young dog (yorkie)
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What is the common signalment for a dog with an intrahepatic portal shunt?
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Big breed young dog
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T or F:
PSS in cats are usually extrahepatic. |
True
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Which is needed to diagnose a PSS? Both pre and post prandial bile acids or a single bile acid test?
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A single test will work if acids are high. However, the animal may need to be stimulated before the test with high fat foods.
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What is probably the best diagnostic test for PSS diagnosis?
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Nuclear scintigraphy
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Which drug can directly decrease ammonia in the GI system?
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Lactulose (reduce NH3 to NH4)
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What is a good antibiotic choice to control intestinal bacteria in a dog with a PSS and why?
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Neomycin; its not absorbed in the GI very well.
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What device is used to ligate a PSS?
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Ameroid constrictor
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What is one of the worst post-op prognostic indicators for PSS repair?
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post-ligation seizures
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Inverted eyelids are called...
Everted eyelids are called... |
...entropion
...ectropion |
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How are entropions repaired? Describe suture type, size, placement, and pattern.
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Hotz-Celsus procedure using multifilament 4-0 to 5-0 placed 2-3 mm apart in simple interrupted pattern.
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