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38 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What are the parts of the male reproductive system?
Testes
Excretory genital ducts
Accessory glands
Penis
What are the functions of the male reproductive system?
Produce and transport spermatozoa
Secretion of fluids
Placement of semen into female reproductive tract
What do spermatozooa and accessory sex gland fluids comprise?
Semen
T or F:
The testes perform both endocrine and exocrine functions.
True!
Exocrine - spermatozooa
Endocrine - testosterone and estrogen
What are the endocrine secretions of the testes and what cell type excretes which secretion?
Testosterone - interstitial (Leydig) cells
Estrogen - sustentacular (Sertoli) cells
What are the coverings of the testes?
Tunica albugenia
Tunica serosa (visceral vaginal tunic)
Which cells provide the exocrine function of the testes and where are they located?
Lining cells of the seminiferous tubules and their ducts
ID these structures
A - Ductus deferens
B - Epididymus
C - Septum
D - Testicular lobules
E - Semineferous tubules
F - Tunica albugenia
ID these structures
A - Ductus deferens
B - Epididymus
C - Septum
D - Testicular lobules
E - Semineferous tubules
F - Tunica albugenia
What is this a section through?
ID A - E
Seminiferous tubule xs
A - Spermatogonia
B - Primary Spermatocytes
C - Sustentacular Cells
D - Early spermatids
E - Late spermatids
What is the function of Sertoli cells?
Support for developing sperm
Establish blood/testis barrier
Synthesize estrogen
How do sustentacular cells maintain the blood/testis barrier? What are the compartments of this barrier?
Tight junctions (zonules occludens)
Basal and adluminal compartments.
T or F:
Sertoli cell tumors are common in dogs unless they are cryptorchid.
False! Sertoli cell tumors are common in dogs but more common in cryptorchid dogs.
T or F:
Sertoli cell tumors may cause development of female secondary sex characteristics.
True! Overproduce estrogen in this case.
Where are Leydig cells found? What is their histology?
septal connective tissue
Large round nuclei, distinct nucleolus, foamy appearance
What would be a characteristic of a Leydig cell tumor?
Overproduction of testosterone - more aggression!
T or F:
Spermatocytogenesis involves the process of spermatagonia into secondary spermocytes.
False!
Spermatocytogenesis is the mitotic stage of spermatogenesis where spermatogonia (2n) divide into primary spermatocytes (2n).
T or F:
Primary spermatocytes (2n) undergo mitosis to directly form spermatids (1n).
False!
Primary spermatocytes (2n) do undergo meiosis but they first form secondary spermatocytes (1n) and then finish meiosis to form spermatids (1n).
What is the transformation of spermatids into spermatozoa called? Where does this occur?
Spermiogenesis
Seminiferous tubule and epididymus.
What is the mitotic phase of spermiogenesis called? Where does it occur?
Spermatocytogenesis occurs in the seminiferous tubules
ID these regions of a spermatozoan.
A - Head
B - Acrosomal cap
C - Neck
D - Middle Piece of tail
E - Principal piece of tail
What ducts does a spermatozoan must pass through to reach the vas deferens IN ORDER.
Seminiferous tubule
Tubulus rectus
Rete testis
Ductus efferens
Ductus epididymidis
Ductus deferens
T or F:
The epididymis and ductus deferens lack cilia but may have microvilli or stereocilia.
True!
What is the primary maturation site of sperm cells? What is the epithelium here?
Epididymis
Pseudostratefied stereociliated columnar epithelium
What is the epithelium of the ductus deferens? At its distal end?
Pseudostratefied stereociliated columnar epithelium. Simple columnar distally.
How can you tell the ductus deferens from the epididymis histologically?
Ductus deferens should be singular and will have a thicker tunica muscularis.
What is this an image of? How do you know?
Epididymis
Pseudostratified stereociliated columnar epithelium. No thick tunica muscularis. Many passages indicate coils.
Which genital duct is this a cross section of?
Ductus deferens
Which region is this a cross section of?
Seminiferous tubule
Note developing spermatids and atypical "stratefied" epithelium
List the possible mammalian accessory sex glands.
Prostate
Vesicular
Ampullary
Bulbourethral
Which accessory sex gland is absent in carnivores?
Which is present in all domestic species except dogs?
Vesicular gland
Bulbourethral gland
What are the two types of prostate and what species are associated with each?
Compact - dogs, cats, horses
Disseminate - bulls, boars, small ruminants
What are some functions of accessory sex glands?
Plug vagina
Sperm vehicle
Nourish sperm
pH modification and cleansing of urethral tract
What is this? Sri Lanka? The Big Island of Hawaii? What tissue surrounds this structure? What type of tissue is in the red circles?
Urethra
Prostate body
Prostatic urethra surrounds urethra
What type of epithelium does A have?
What is B?
What is the function of C?
A - transitional epithelium
B - duct of prostate gland
C - venous sinus for erectile tissue
ID these structures in this cross-section through the body of the penis.
A - Dorsal artery of the penis
B - Septum penis
C - Corpus cavernosum penis
D - Corpus spongiosum penis (enclosing urethra)
E - Tunica albugenia
F - Retractor penis m.
What structure is this (hint - it's in the corpus cavernosum)?
Helicine artery
Relaxation of smooth muscle results in dilation and increased blood flow for erection.
T or F:
The distal end of the urethra becomes stratefied squameous epithelium before it joins the skin of the glans penis.
True!