Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Choose papule, nodule, or tumor...
- 1-6mm - covered w/normal skin - 5-30 mm - irregular proliferation of tissue |
papule - 1-6mm
papule/nodule - covered w/normal skin nodule - 5-30 mm tumor - irregular proliferation of tissue |
|
What are some good differentials for lumps in goats?
|
Caseous lymphadenitis (C. pseudoTB)
Abscess (A. pyogenes) Saanen warts Wattle cysts Impacted cud |
|
You see these lesions on the back of a cow. What is it, what causes it, and how can you prevent it?
|
WARBLES!
Hypoderma bovis or lineate nodules Use ivermectin in the fall to prevent Organophosphates if before Oct 15th (don't want to kill in the spinal cord) |
|
What's going on with this cow?
What causes it? How might it be diagnosed? |
Acid-fast lymphangitis
Mycobacterium spp. Reacts to TB test |
|
How do you treat this in a horse?
|
Incise and remove
don't crush! Prevent w/ivermectin |
|
What is the histologic hallmark of nodular collagenolytic granulomas?
|
amorphous collagen flame fibers + eosinophilic infiltrates
|
|
Which of the following are valid options when treating nodular collagenolytic granulomas?
a) benign neglect b) steroids c) surgery d) ivermectin e) buy a new horse |
a) benign neglect
b) steroids c) surgery e) buy a new horse |
|
Where are mastocytomas usually found in horses?
what about on cattle? |
On the head
Some nasty ones on the joints in cattle--wherever, the picture had them on the ventrum |
|
How do you identify cutaneous amyloidosis?
|
Congo red for amyloid
|
|
How are girth nodules treated?
|
surgical removal
|
|
What is this nastyness?
|
Cutaneous mastocytoma!
|
|
If you see nodules on a horse along the leg lymphatics in CA and E. OR, what might you be thinking?
What about if it was in the SE? |
Ulcerative lymphangitis (C. pseudoTB)
In the SE; Sporotrichosis (S. schenckii) |
|
If you see small soft to firm nodules in a horse that exude an oily discharge, how will you treat these?
|
Vit E and Steroids!
These are sterile nodular panniculitis lesions (subcut fat inflammation) |
|
Name some equine cutaneous masses/tumors, yo!
|
Sarcoid!
Papillomas! Melanomas! LSA! Proud Flesh! Habronema! Other shiz.... SCC! |
|
Which equine dermal tumors are really subcutaneous?
|
Melanoma
Cutaneous LSA |
|
What is the most common equine skin tumor? What might be the cause?
|
Sarcoid!
d/t BPV 1 or 2 |
|
What is the deal here?
How can you treat it? |
Papillomatosis!
Tx - benign neglect, cryosurgery, acetic acid, etc |
|
What are the 5 types of sarcoid?
|
Flat (occult)
Verrucous Mixed Fibroblastic Nodular |
|
How are sarcoids treated?
|
Cryosurgery
Debulking + immune therapy Xxterra, blood root, & other crap |
|
What is the prognosis for sarcoid treatment?
|
50% recrudescence!
|
|
What is this nastyness?
|
Equine sarcoid!!!
|
|
What gives here?
How is this treated? Prognosis? |
Melanoma
Tx - benign neglect, surgery, oral cimetidine, immune therapy |
|
What gives here?
How do you diagnose? |
Cutaneous LSA
Biopsy & histopath |
|
What is this?
How do you diagnose? Treatment? |
SCC
Biopsy Tx (cryosx, irradiation, 5FU, hyperthermia) |
|
Yuk! What gives here! How is it treated?
|
Proud flesh!
Shrink w/pressure bandage or sx excision |
|
Here is a horse from the south in the summer. What gives?
How do you treat it? |
Habronemiasis (summer sores; swamp cancer)
tx - sx debulk, ivermectin, corticosteroid |
|
What are some differentials for big-ol lumps in cattle?
Which is most common? |
Papillomatosis (most common)
SCC Actinomycosis (lumpy jaw) Cutaneous LSA |
|
Which of the following are not true regarding bovine papillomatosis?
a) Teat warts are caused by serotypes 1 and 2 b) Caused by a papovavirus c) spread by licking warts d) usually in older (>2) animals e) Benign neglect will cure most |
a) Teat warts are caused by serotypes 1 and 2 (NO, this describes typical warts. Teat warts are 1, 5, 6, 9, 10)
d) usually in older (>2) animals (NO, younger <2yo) |
|
How do you make a BPV vaccine?
|
Take some wart, blend with formaldehyde, add a splash of vermouth, a wedge of lime, and inject it intradermally
|
|
What is the most common eye tumor of the cow?
|
SCC (on 3rd eyelid or conjunctiva)
|
|
Which of the following are not true regarding bovine cutaneous LSA?
a) caused by BLV b) only seen in young cows c) autogenous vaccine treatment d) Grayish nodules |
a) caused by BLV (NO, idiopathic)
c) autogenous vaccine treatment (no treatment) |
|
What is this nastyness? How do you treat it?
|
Papillomatosis
Tx - should fall off in 9 mos or so |
|
What are possible sequellae to heat branding?
|
Brand keratoma
SCC maybe |
|
Which of the following are not true regarding urticaria in horses?
a) history is important in diagnosis b) a type II hypersensitivity c) involves mast cell degranulation d) IgE mediated e) antihistimanes are effective |
b) a type II hypersensitivity (NO, type I)
e) antihistimanes are effective (Nope, use steroids) |
|
If urticaria does not regress, it may progress to ____________.
|
angioedema
|
|
How much epinephrine should you give to a 1500lb horse in anaphylactic shock?
|
4.5 - 7.5mL
|
|
What is this and what caused it?
How do you treat it? |
Erythema Multiforme
(d/t: drugs, chemicals, neoplasia, or infection reaction) Spontaneously regresses after 3-4 mos; non-steroid responsive |
|
A stressful condition causing cessation of hair growth describes...
|
...telogen defluxion
|
|
How can you tell telogen from anogen defluxion?
|
Anagen defluxion is RAPID hair loss, has irregular and displastic, and hair breaks
|
|
What are some causes of this?
|
Pruritus (culicoides)
Boredom/rubbing/tail itch Pinworms Appaloosa mane alopecia Trichorrhexis nodosa Piedra |
|
Which of these...
...causes pruritus ...causes anemia ...can hitch a ride on flying insects ...sometimes mistaken for a tick ...Melaopagus ovinus |
A (chewing louse)...causes pruritus
C (sucking louse)...causes anemia A & C...can hitch a ride on flying insects B (Ked)...sometimes mistaken for a tick B...Melaopagus ovinus |
|
T or F: goats have a papilloma virus that causes papillomas |
true |
|
2 differentials for warts in a goat |
papilloma virus saanen warts (only on white areas) |
|
you see a round swelling at the throat of a goat. 2 differentials? |
-caseous lymphadenitis -wattle cyst |
|
what insect spreads hypoderma? |
heel fly they look like bumblebees! |
|
what is the most common skin nodule in the horse? |
eosinophilic granuloma |
|
how do you treat ulcerative lymphagitis in horses? don't confuse this with acid fast lymphangitis in cattle |
-antibiotics -drain deeper abscesses |
|
you see lumps on the flanks of a cow. what REPORTABLE disease could it be? how would you diagnose? |
lumpy skin disease biopsy-->intracytoplasmic inclusions |
|
how do you treat proud flesh/exuberant granulation tissue? |
-remove excess granulation -wrap and put cortisone |
|
2 differentials for proud flesh in a lower limb? |
-exuberant granulation -habronemiasis |
|
where do you find calcinosis circumscripta? |
over pressure points or joints not attached to the bone, surrounded by soft tissue swelling |
|
what is NOT the cause of cutaneous lymphosarcoma? |
bovine leukemia virus |
|
mane-tail dystrophy is seen in what species? |
appaloosas |
|
name 3 reasons for hirsutism in a horse |
-pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction -cold weather -chronic disease (parasites, inflammation) |
|
pathogenesis of PPID? diagnosis? treatment(s)? |
-dopaminergic nerves depleted, no negative feedback, stimulates hypertrophy of pituitary -overnight low dexamethasone suppression test -pergolide + cyproheptadine |
|
you have an animal with pale hair, a rough kinky coat, and diarrhea. diagnosis? |
copper defcicieny |
|
what is the name for hair coming in white and a horse having cross hatch crusts on the drosum? |
variegated leukotrichia |
|
what is the disease called where there is a decrease in collagen fibers but an increase in elastic ones? |
hyperelastosis cutis |
|
what is it called when an animal is born without skin? |
epitheliogenesis imperfecta |