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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why is hip dysplasia rare in the horse?
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Greater depth to the acetabular lip
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What keeps the horse from kicking out laterally?
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Accessory ligament of the head of the femur
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Where does the ligament of the head of the femur originate from in the horse? In the ruminant?
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Horse - pubic groove near acetabular notch
Ruminant - acetabulum |
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From where does the accessory ligament of the head of the femur originate in the horse?
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Prepubic tendon
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What ligament covers the acetabular notch?
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Transverse acetabular ligament
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Where is the coxofemoral joint injection done in the horse?
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Btw. greater and lesser trochanter, direct needle craniomedially to a depth of 11 to 12 cm
yeah right |
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Which is more proximal, the base or the apex of the patella?
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The base is the most proximal
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Is the parapatellar fibrocartilage located medially or laterally?
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Medially
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T or F:
The patella is the only sesamoid bone in the large animal stifle joint. |
True!
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What are the three patellar ligaments? Which animals are they found in?
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Lateral, middle, medial
In horse and ox |
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Which patellar cartilage is most commonly torn?
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Medial is most commonly torn (causes lateral patellar luxation)
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Which ligaments course from the menisci to the tibia?
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cranial and caudal meniscotibial ligaments
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Which ligaments course from the menisci to the femur?
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ONLY the meniscofemoral ligament! From the lateral meniscus!
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Where does the patella "lock" in the horse?
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On the medial trochlear ridge of the femur
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What are the three patellar positions?
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Gliding surface for progression
Resting for standing squarely or walking Locking |
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Which muscle is involved in the patellar locking mechanism?
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Vastus medialis
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Which of the synovial pouches of the femorotibial joint communicates with the femoropatellar joint?
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Medial pouch usually does
Lateral pouch does in 25% of horses |
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Where would the femoropatellar joint be injected in the horse?
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Dorsal to tibial crest btw. middle and medial patellar ligs.
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Where would the medial femorotibial pouch be injected in the horse?
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btw medial patellar ligament and the medial collatoral ligament
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Where would the lateral femorotibial pouch be injected in the horse?
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Between the lateral patellar ligament and the lateral collateral ligament
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What term describes inflammation of the stifle?
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Gonitis
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Inability to unlock the patella is known as...
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...upward fixation of the patella
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How many patellar ligaments in the small ruminant?
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Just one. :(
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What are the bones of the equine tarsus?
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Calcaneus
Talus Fused tarsal 1 and 2 Central tarsal bone 3rd and 4th tarsal bones |
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Which tarsal collateral ligament forms a canal for the lateral digital extensor tendon?
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Lateral collateral ligament
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Curb is caused by inflammation of what structure?
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Long plantar ligament
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What is the function of the long plantar ligament?
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Counteracts the pull of the common calcaneal tendon
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What are the joints of the equine tarsus?
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Tarsocrural (tarsotibial)
Proximal intertarsal Distal intertarsal joint Tarsometatarsal joint |
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Which joints of the equine tarsus communicate?
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Tarsocrural (tarsotibial)
Proximal intertarsal |
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Which joint of the equine carpus has the greatest mobility?
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Tarsocrural (tibiotarsal)
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Which tarsal joint are the four tarsal pouches associated with?
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Tarsocrural (tibiotarsal) joint
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What are the boundaries of the dorsomedial pouch?
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Cunean tendon
Peroneus tertius Medial collateral lig Medial malleolus |
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What are the boundaries of the Medioplantar pouch?
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medial collateral lig
DDF level of medial malleolus |
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What are the boundaries of the dorsolateral pouch?
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lateral collateral lig
btw long and lat digital ext tendon short digital ext |
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What are the boundaries to the lateroplantar pouch?
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caudal to the lateral collateral lig
btw calcaneus and lat malleolus |
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Where is the tarsocrural joint commonly injected? What structure must be avoided?
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Dorsomedial pouch
avoid cranial br. of the medial saphenous v. |
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Where is the distal intertarsal joint injected?
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medial surface of tarsus
btw. distal tubercle of the talus and space btw metatarsals II and III proximally |
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Where is the cunean bursa injected?
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medial surface of tarsus
under distal border of cunean tendon |
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Where is the tarsometatarsal joint injected?
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Plantarolateral aspect of tarsus
insert needle proximal to head of metatarsal IV |
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Which tendons do the tarsal sheath enclose?
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Lateral and caudal heads of the DDF
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Inflammation of the tarsal sheath is called...
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Thoroughpin
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Osteoarthritis of the distal hock joints is known as...
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Spavin!
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A neurological hyperflexion of joints of pelvic limb is called
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Stringhalt
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How can stringhalt be treated?
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remove lateral digital extensor muscle insertion (less input to lateral collateral ligament)
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What is the stifle component of the pelvic stay apparatus?
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Patellar locking mechanism of the stifle
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What is the hock component of the pelvic stay apparatus?
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SDF prevents flexion of hock
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How does the pelvic limb stay apparatus differ from that of the thoracic limb below the hock?
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Not much different.
Pelvic limb has no prox check lig; SDF attaches directly to tuber calcanei Distal check ligament may not be present. |
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What are the bones of the bovine tarsus?
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Calcaneus
Talus Fused 2nd and 3rd tarsal bones Fused central and 4th tarsal bones |
