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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are functions of the kidneys?
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Filtration - remove toxins via urine
Conservation - salts, glucose, protein and water Regulate blood pressure through renin Hemodynamics via erythropoietin Acid base regulation |
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How much blood perfused in the kidneys through large dogs daily?
How much fluid is filtered? How much urine is discharged? |
1000 to 2000 L
200 to 300 L 1 to 2 L |
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Explain why kidneys are called retroperitoneal?
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Only the ventral surface is covered with peritoneum.
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What are the radiological landmarks for the kidneys?
How large are the kidneys? |
Right kidney - T10 - T13
Left kidney - T13 - L2 Dog - 2.5 to 3.5 x L2 length Cat - 2-3x L2 length |
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In which quadrant(s) are the kidneys located?
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Right - R cranial/caudal
Left - L cranial/caudal |
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Identify this!!!
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A - Right Kidney
B - Right Renal a. and v. C - Left Renal a. and v. D - Left Kidney E - R. and L. Ureters |
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Identify all this crap.
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A - Cortex
B - Medulla C - Renal pelvis D - Renal sinus E - Hilus (renal v., a., ureter, lymphatics) F - Renal pyramid |
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What covers the kidneys?
What is special about this structure in the cat? |
Fibrous capsule
Felines have subcapsular veins |
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Contrast canine and feline kidneys
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Feline kidneys are more easily palpated
Feline have subcapsular veins Felines have cone-shaped renal crest, dogs have longitudinal crest |
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What is the function of the adrenal cortex? The adrenal medulla?
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Cortex - production of mineralcorticoids, corticosteroids, sex hormones
Medulla - produce epi and norepi |
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Mmmmm...an adrenal sandwich! What is my bread?
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Phrenicoabdominal a. (dorsally) and v. (ventrally)
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Check out that broad's ligament! What are the parts of this?
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Broad ligament =
mesometrium mesovarium mesosaplinx |
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Identify this shiz.
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A - Ovary
B - Uterine tube C - Uterine horn D - Uterine body E - Cervix F - Vagina G - Urethral orifice H - Vestibule of vagina I - Vulva w/clitoris |
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What artery and vein course to/from the ovary? What structure does this course with?
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Ovarian a. and v. course in the mesovarium.
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T or F
The right ovary is more cranial than the left ovary. |
False.
Ha ha! I got ya! It's really true! Just like the kidneys and the testicles, the right ovary is more cranial. |
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Identify this crap.
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A - Suspensory ligament of ovary
B - Descending uterine tube C - Opening of ovarian bursa D - Proper ligament of ovary E - Round ligament of uterus F - Mesometrium |
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Identify this, yo! (cross-section at level of ovary)
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A - Opening of ovarian bursa
B - Ascending uterine tube C - Ovarian bursa D - Mesosalpinx E - Descending uterine tube F - Mesovarium G - Ovary |
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Identify or die!
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A - Infundibulum w/fimbria
B - Ampulla C - Opening of ovarian bursa D - Abdominal ostium |
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What are the openings in the vestibule and where are they located with respect to one another?
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Clitoral fossa is most ventral
Vagina is most dorsal Urethral opening is in the middle |
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What is the boundary between the vagina and the uterus? What is the cranial ventral extension of the vagina called past this structure?
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Cervix
Fornix is the region of the vagina that is cranial ventral to the cervix. |
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Were do the ovarian vv. drain into?
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Right ovarian v. - Caudal vena cava
Left ovarian v. - Left renal v. |
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T or F
Fertilization commonly takes place in the tubouterine junction. |
False but close - fertilization occurs in the uterine tube
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What does a bitch's uterus have in common with this metal hand?
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They are both bicornuate
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Describe how the female reproductive tract can provide external access to the abdominal cavity.
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The opening of the ovarian bursa opens into the abdominal cavity. Thus, there is potential for entry into the abdominal cavity via the vagina/cervix/uterus/uterine tube/infundibulum/opening of ovarian bursa
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Which structures are ligated in an ovariohysterectomy?
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Ovarian a. and v.
Uterine a. and v. |
