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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Salbutamol |
Short lasting (4-6hrs) B2 agonist Relax broncho smooth muscle Increase Ciliary clearance Inhibit mast cell release
SE: tachycardia, tremor
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Terbutaline |
Short lasting (4-6hrs) B2 agonist Relax broncho smooth muscle Increase Ciliary clearance Inhibit mast cell release
SE: tachycardia, tremor |
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Salmeterol |
Long lasting (8-12hrs) B2 agonist Relax broncho smooth muscle Increase Ciliary clearance Inhibit mast cell release
SE: tachycardia, tremor |
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Ipratropium |
Non-selective Muscarinic receptor ANTAGONIST
Relax smooth muscle, inhibit mucus secretion |
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Theophylline Aminophylline Caffiene
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Methylaxines
Relax smooth muscle, inhibit mucus secretion, inflammatory Oral administration but In status asthmatics give IV
BEWARE low therapeutic index. Take care with liver/cardiac failure. Interacts with P450
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Beclometasone
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Inhaled glucocorticoids Help relieve asthma as needed |
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Budesonide
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Inhaled glucocorticoids Help relieve asthma as needed |
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Fluticasone |
Inhaled glucocorticoids Help relieve asthma as needed |
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Prednisolone |
Glucocorticoid to use in more severe asthma |
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Hydrocortisone |
Glucocorticoid used in severe asthmaticus |
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Cromoglicate Nedocromil |
Mast cell stabilisers Inhibit mast cell degradation in early and late phases of attack |
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MonteluKAST ZafiluKAST |
Leukotriene receptor antagonists
Add to corticosteroids in severe asthma |
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Cocaine |
Sympathomimetic Vasoconstrictor Surface anaesthesia only; CNS effects!
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Procaine |
Infiltration anaesthesia only Poor tissue penetration |
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Lidocaine |
(lignocaine) For most applications! Surface, infiltration, block, IV anaesthesia
Duration=45 mins
Also used to treat vent.arrythmia (remember 1B) |
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Articaine |
LA in dentistry |
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Mepivacaine |
LA in dentistry Intra-articular anaesthesia as less tissue irritation |
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Bupivacaine |
Infiltration Block Epidural 8hr duration!
SE: Cardiac toxicity |
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Prilocaine |
Surface (in EMLA) Epidural Nerve block IV anaesthesia
Low toxicity |
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Benzocaine |
Uncharged (No pKa) only surface anaesthesia |
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LA mnemonic |
Caz poked Loz and made Bonnie poke back Cocaine Procaine Lidocane Articane Mepivacaine Bupivacaine Prilocaine Benzocaine |
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Warfarin |
Anticoagulant
Targets Vit K Reductase (no conversion of glutamic acid to y-carboxyglutamic acid)
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Heparin |
Anticoagulant Heparin/Calciparin/Minihep/Monoparin
Activate antithrombin III Acts on platelet factor 4 and 10 |
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LMW heparin |
Anticoagulant Certoparin/Dalteparin/Enoxaparin
Activate antithrombin III
Acts on factor 10 only
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Hirudin |
Anticoagulant Antithrombin III indépendant anticoagulant
From leeeeeeches Inhibits thrombin by binding to its active site! |
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Hirugen |
Anticoagulant Antithrombin III indépendant anticoagulant
Derivative of Hirudin (synthetic peptide) |
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Bivalirudin |
Anticoagulant Antithrombin III indépendant anticoagulant
Derivative of Hirugen
Fewer bleeding problems Good in patients with heparin antibody resistance |
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Types of anti platelet drug |
Aspirin
ADP Receptor antagonists (Irrev. or Rev)
IIb/IIIa R antagonists
Fibrinolytics |
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Aspirin |
Anti-platelet
Alters balance of TxA2 and PGI2 TxA2, which activates platelet, is decreased PGI2, which deactivates P, is increased Irreversibly Inactivates cyclooxygenase |
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Dose of aspirin
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180mg/day= Prevents ministroke
335mg/day= Reduce risk of Heart attack
>1000mg/day= Ineffective due to great inhibition of endothelial COX |
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ADP receptor antagonists |
Irreversible: Ticlopidine Clopidogrel Prasugrel
Reversible: Ticagrelor |
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Ticlopidine |
Anti-platelet
Irreversible ADP receptor antagonist (P2Y12 purinergic)
Reduces stroke
SE: rash and diarrhoea, neuropenia limit use
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Clopidogrel |
Anti-platelet Irreversible ADP receptor antagonist
Decrease stroke, myocardial infarct, and vascular death Prodrug-administered orally
Sedative if used with aspirin
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Prasugrel |
Anti-platelet Irreversible ADP receptor antagonist
More efficacious than clopidogrel so increased risk of bleeding |
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Ticagrelor |
Anti-platelet reversible ADP receptor antagonist
Treat strokes |
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Abciximab Tirifiban |
Antiplatelet IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists
IV high risk coronary patients Platelet function recovered in days |
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Tirofiban Eptifibatide |
Antiplatelet IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists
Resemble IIb and IIIC ligands! IV Platelet function recovered in hours |
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Epoprostenol |
Antiplatelet Prostaglandin agonist |
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Dipyridamole |
Antiplatelet Phosphodiesterase inhibitor Increase platelet cAMP levels Used in conjunction with aspirin |
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Fibrinolytics |
Streptokinase Recombinant tPA alteplase/duteplase/reteplase
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Streptokinase |
Fibrinolytic- Anti platelet Action blocked by anti streptococcal antibodies after 4 days, and must wait 1 year before reuse |
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Alteplase Duteplase Reteplase |
Fibrinolytic- Anti platelet Clot specific: more active at fibrin bound plasminogen Alteplase,duteplase= short 1/2life (IV infusion) Reteplase= longer (Iv bolus)
In acute Myo.infarct, acute thrombotic stroke, clearing thromboses shunts/cannulae, acute arterial thromboembolism |