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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pueblos of the SW lived largely as : |
Farmers, and had est. perm. settlements b4 Spanish had even arrived in 17th century |
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The pueblos grew?
They lived in they practiced elaborate forms of |
corn
adobe houses irrigation |
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in the 18th and 19th centuries the pueblos had an intimate relationship with the BLANKS this relationship produced an alliance against which tribes?
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BLANKS: Spanish(later mexicans)
-Apaches, Navajos and comanches of the region |
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Order of Caste System in Western Tribes
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TOP: Spanish/Mexs who owned largest estates and controlled trading centers @ Santa Fe |
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What are genizaros?
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Indians without tribes, at the bottom of the Caste System |
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What were the most widespread Indian groups in the West?
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the Plains Indians: a diverse group of tribes and language groups
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Plain Indians:
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-a diverse group of tribes and language groups
-Varied. Some Farmers , others nomadic hunters SHARED TRAITS: -Their cultures were based on close and extended family networks and on an *intimate relationship w/nature |
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Characteristics of Plain Indian Tribes:
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-Tribes divided into bands
-each band had it's own governing council -Community had a system where everyone participated in decision making -In each band , task are divided by gender. F=domestic M=Hunter -Had fields and gardens |
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Most plain tribes , specifically the Sioux survived off what?
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Buffalo or bison
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True or False : Perm Settlements of Plain Indian tribes/bands were rare
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True
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Bands of Plain Indians built ...
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tepees
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The BLANK provided the economic basis for the Plain Indians way of life
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Buffalo/Bison
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Principle source of food for the Plain Indians:
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buffalo
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What are buffalo chips?
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dried manure
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Personality of the plain indians:
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Skilled , proud and aggressive warriors, had frequent squabbles with rival tribes
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Blank were the most formidable foe white settlers faced
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Plan Warriors
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Weaknesses of Plain Indians
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-INABILITY of various tribes to unite against white aggression
-Distracted from their battles with whites by conflicts among the tribes themselves -Tribes often faced white forces that had help from rival tribes -Indians vulnerable to diesease, such as small pox -outmanned and outgunned |
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BLANK speaking communities were spread out over the SW
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Spanish
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When Anglo-Ams came to Hispanic New Mex the people gained/lost?
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-CREATED OPS FOR GREATER WEALTH
-BUT for MOST it meant an end to communal socities and economies that had been built over generations |
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What state was the center of the spanish-spaeking society?
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New MEx
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When U.S. aquired the state of New Mex which General tried to est. a territorial government in the state?
What did he try to do that upset people? |
-General Stephen Kearney
-He tried to have the new territorial gov. exclude the est. Mexican ruling class. |
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General Stephen Kearneys action in New Mex concerning territorial gov. caused what?
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Taos Indian rebellion
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Taos Indian Rebellion
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-Killed of governorm and other Anglo-Am officials.
-Subdued by U.S. Army forces -New Mex remain under military rule for 3 years b4 it organized a territorial gov in 1850 |
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In the 1870s New Mex's gov was dominated by
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-One of many "territorial rings"
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What are territorial rings?
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Circles of local buissness men and ambitious politicians with access to federal money, who worked together to make the territorial government mutually profitable
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What the U.S. army did that hispanic residents had been unable to do
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-it broke the power of the navajo , apache , and other tribes that had harassed residents of new mex.
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Defeat of the tribes led to :
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increased Hispanic migration into other areas of the SW
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Why did Hispanic socities survive in the SW?
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Because they were far from the centers of English Speaking society - inhabited by Anglo-Ams
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Anglo- Am presence in SW grew rapidly once what happened?
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once railroads were est. in the region : 1880s
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As the SW filled up with Anglo-Ams in the 1880s and 90s what happend to Mex workers?
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jobs restricted , got the bad low wage jobs.
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IN cali Spanish Settlements began when and by who?
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in the 18th century
began with a string of Christian missions along the Pacific coast. |
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Indians in cali were targets of the efforts of BLANKS and also served as a BLANK
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missionaries
labor force |
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Indians in MISSION SOCIETIES were forced by the Spanish to be in a state of BLANK
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servitude
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How did mission socities collapse?
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In the 1830s after New Mex gov. began reducing the power of the church |
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WHat replaced the mission society
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a secular Mexican aristocracy : Controlled a chain of large estates in fertile lands West of the Sierra Nevada mtns. |
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What did the arrvial of Anglo Ams mean for Mexicans living in Cali?
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-ARRIVAL OF ANGLO AMS : DISASTER FOR THEM: |
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What are californios
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Hispanic residents of Cali |
