Brief History Of Microbiology

Front 1

Microbiology

Back 1

The study of microorganisms and agents too small to be seen clearly by an unaided eye.

Hint 1

microorganisms

Front 2

Phycology

Back 2

Study of algae

Hint 2

algae

Front 3

Algae

Back 3

Simple aquatic organisms ranging from single cell forms to large sea weeds.

Hint 3

aquatic organims

Front 4

Bacteriology

Back 4

Study of bacteria

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bacteria

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Bacteria

Back 5

Simplest, single celled prokaryotic organism

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single celled prokaryotic

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Mycology

Back 6

Study of fungi

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fungi

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Fungi

Back 7

Microscopic eukaryotic forms

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molds and yeast

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Protozoology

Back 8

Study of protozoans

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protozoans

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Protozoa

Back 9

Mostly single celled, eukaryotic microbes

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single celled eukaryotic

Front 10

Virology

Back 10

Study of virus

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virus

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Viruses

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Consists of DNA and RNA core surrounded by a protein coat; Acellular; Require living host cells for replication

Hint 11

require living host cells for replication

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Parasitology

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Study of parasitism and parasites

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parasitism and parasites

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Diagnostic Microbiology

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Fundamental principles and techniques involved in the study of pathogenic organisms as well as their application in the diagnosis of infectious diseases

Hint 13

application in the diagnosis of infectious diseases

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Robert Hooke (1665)

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Developed the compound microscope; First to described cells

Hint 14

compound microscope

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Aristotle (322-383)

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Animals could originate from soil; "Spontaneous Generation"

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originate from soil

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Aristotle (322-383)

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Animals could originate from soil; "Spontaneous Generation"

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originate from soil

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Spontaneous Generation

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The idea that living things come from non living things

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non living things

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Aristotle (322-383)

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Animals could originate from soil; "Spontaneous Generation"

Hint 18

originate from soil

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Spontaneous Generation

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The idea that living things come from non living things

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non living things

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Francisco Redi (1668)

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Demonstrate the maggots do not arise from decaying meat

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decaying meat

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Aristotle (322-383)

Back 21

Animals could originate from soil; "Spontaneous Generation"

Hint 21

originate from soil

Front 22

Spontaneous Generation

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The idea that living things come from non living things

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non living things

Front 23

Francisco Redi (1668)

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Demonstrate the maggots do not arise from decaying meat

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decaying meat

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John Needham (1745)

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Filled flask with nutrient broth

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nutrient broth

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Lazarro Spallanzani

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Boiled nutrient solutions in flasks

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nutrient solutions in flasks

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Emil von Behring

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Prepared antitoxins for diptheria and tetanus

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diptheria and tetanus

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Biogenesis

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The theory of development of living forms from another living things

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processed by Rudolf Virchow in 1858

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Louis Pasteur (1850-1880)

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Firmly disprove the spontaneous generation docrine (1861); Demonstrated that microorganisms are present in the air

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pasteurization

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Robert Koch (1843-1910)

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Formulated a criteria that provided proof that a specific organism can cause a disease (1876)

Hint 29

postulates

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Koch's Postulates

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1. Microorganisms are isolated from a dead animal
2. The microorganisms are grown in pure culture
3. The microorganims are identified
4. The microorganisms are injected into a healthy animal
5. The disease is reproduced in the second animal; microorganims are isolated from this animal
6. Pathogenic microorganisms are grown in pure culture
7. Identical microorganisms are identified

Hint 30

postulate

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Charles Jules Henry Nicolle (1866-1936)

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Identification of lice as a transmitter of epidemic typhus

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R. prowazwkii

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Alexander Fleming
Ernst B. Chain
Howard Florey

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Discovery of penicillin and its curative effect in various infectious diseases

Hint 32

penicillin

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Alexander Fleming (1945)

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Discovered penicillin (1945)

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penicillin (1945)

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Selman A. Waksman

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Discovery of Streptomycin, the first antibiotic effective against tuberculosis

Hint 34

Streptomycin

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Edward Jenner

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Pioneer of small pox vaccine

Hint 35

smallpox vaccine