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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who was Charles Darwin? What idea did he discover?
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An English biologist, he discovered the idea of natural selection and the theory of evolution.
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What is speciation?
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Having another, or many other species evolve from a singular species.
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What can cause speciation?
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Physical barriers (Ie: mountain ranges, rivers, etc...) can separate a species into groups which undergo different selective pressures, this can cause physical changes to the point where the seperate groups are no longer sexually compatable, at this point, they are seperate species.
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What is natural selection?
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When selective pressures in an organism's environment cause only certain individuals of that species to survive, and through generations for that species to adapt to those environmental pressures.
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Explain the major flaw in Lemarck's theories involving evolution.
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Lemarck believed that adaptations and changes happened within an individual's lifespan, and is then passed to the next generation, and that thes changes were made from and individuals own efforts.
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What are homologous structures?
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Parts of seperate species' anatomy which have similar structure to parts of another species' anatomy. Indication of a common ancestor.
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What are analogous structures?
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Structures between different species which have similiar functions, but different structure.
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What are two types of dating for geological time? How do each of these work?
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Relative dating- involves comparing closeness to other fossils, and estimating thier age in accordance.
Absolute dating- Making a well calculated estimate of a fossil's age by comparing it's closeness to layers of volcanic ash which can be dated fairly accurately using isotopes. |
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What does the theory of evolution entail?
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All life comes from a common ancestor, which through natural selection has "evolved" into multiple other species.
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In order, what are the classifications for naming a species?
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Kingdom->Phylum->Class->Order->Family->Genus->Species
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