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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Scientific name for pig:
To give birth: Female less than 15 months old, not had a litter yet |
Sus scrofa
Farrow Gilt |
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Older female over 15 months atleast producing one litter:
intact male: Castrated male: |
Sow
Boar Barrow |
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8 very sharp teeth present at birth:
operation where you grow pigs from birth to market age: |
needle teeth
Farrow to finish |
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Pig raised for market avg. 250-280 lbs for slaughter:
Reached market weight in the shortest amount of time with the least amount of food: |
Market hog
Top hog |
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Market hog weight:
Insertion of wire ring to prevent rooting: the jaw area of a pig: |
250-280lbs
ringing Jawl |
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Behavioral characteristics and handling:
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*most intelligent farm animal
*see, smell, hear very easily *vary trainable *don't hurry them *need protection from the sun (shade) *industrious and curious *omnivores *monogastruous (simple stomach) |
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Malignant hyperthermia:
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Over heating in pigs,
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TPRS for PIGS
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Min: 100 F 58 BPM 8 BPM
Avg 102 F 80 BPM 13 BPM Max 104 F 100 BPM 18 BPM |
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Age at puberty for pigs:
Age to breed: |
Gilts- 4-7 months
Boars- 5-8 months 8 months or older |
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Estrus cycle of pigs:
Frequency of cycle: length of duration Gestation: |
polyestrus
21 days 2-3 days 3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days (114 days) |
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Heat detection/
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Flushing: lay pig on back or lean on her and if her ears pop and she goes stiff she is in heat
*pawing fenceline *nervousness (first heat) *swollen vulva increase feed and she will super ovulate and have more piglets. |
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Breeding techniques:
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Lot mating: unknown boar breeds on lot.
Hand mating: picking the boar that breeds Artificial insemination: reduces fighting, decrease in feeding and easier to keep track with boar, gets rid of stds. Ovulation time: Bred 12-24 hours after heat signs Gestation house: Pregnant sows housed indoors. |
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Farrowing house:
Move to farrowing house: farrowing crate: Signs of farrowing near: Care of sow at farrowing: |
Gestation house where pregnant sows are moved indoors.
moved to farrowing at 110 days washed and put in farrowing crate to keep mom from laying on piglets. signs farrowing is near: restlessness rearranging bed into nest enlarged mammary glands develop milk before birth 2-6 hr watch for birth. Clear sac from nostrils, clear airway, and check for dystocia. AVG litter is 10-12 pigs |
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Neonatal care of pigs:
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1. colostrum, 1st milk
2. Navel cord care use 7% iodine to clean navel in, dipped up to belly to prevent navel 3. 3. clip needle teeth to prevent piglet from biting litter mates or mom. (ear notching, castration done at this time) 4. tail docking. to prevent it from being chewed on( 1st 24 hours) 5. given iron injections (3-4 days) to prevent anemia because pigs are unable to root. |
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Weaning piglets:
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Leave farrowing crate at 3 wks of age. move into nursery until 50 lbs and then move into finishing floor until market size.
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Swine management practices:
*identification (4 types) *castration *tusk removal *farrow to finish *swine health management |
Ear tagging (litter mates may chew off or tag gets lost/ temporary i.d.)
Ear notching: Done in 1st 24 hours, it's permanent. *Paint branding: paint numbers and brand on pig/ temporary *Ear tattoo: cant be read from faraway/ permanent have to wipe off dirt to read. *castration: 2-3 wks of age-less blood. easily manageable size *boars use tusks as weapons on littermates, mom and people. *farrow to finish: rasie best pigs least amount of food and least amount of time, least amount of diseases. *SHM: help prevent diseases and parasites occurring. Proper sanitation, keep air moving, stagnant air is bad. |
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Diseases and vaccinations
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*anemia
*atrophic rhinitis *Brucellosis *hog cholera *erysipelas *hypoglecimia *leptospirosis *mycoplasma pneumonia *transmissable gastroenteritus |
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Anemia:
atrophic rhinitis: Brucellosis: |
iron injection to prevent rooting, prevent anemia.
equivalent to bordetella, bac. (vaccinate against) more virulent opens possibility of pasteurillas: stress levels is cause of a lot disease no vaccination. bacteria, pigs tested for, destroy infected pigs, zoonotic. |
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hog cholera:
erysipelas: |
hogs burnt or lymed on spot. Virus can wipe out entire farms of pigs. Virus can enter soil.no vaccine. eradicate pigs and start over. from farmers giving raw garbage to pigs.
Bacteria. In tips of ears/tails. Rot off. called diamond skin disease, vaccine for. |
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Hypoglecimia:
leptospirosis: |
low blood sugar, pigs can't root and get the needed nutrients, no vaccine
diff. strains, zoonotic |
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Mycoplasma pneumonia:
transmissable gastroenteritis: |
70% of pigs have it and get over it. If pigs die state vet will make a vaccine for it.
(corona) virus, devestating in piglets. fluid loss, dehydration, also know as TGE-vaccine for it. |
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Difference between a berkshire and a poland china?
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Berkshire ears are up
poland china ears are down |
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Which pig is a very good mother??
Which pig has low melanin and needs protection from the sun? How big should a vietnamese pot belly pig be? |
Duroc
Yorkshire 40lbs. |