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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Functionally, the brainstem can be conceptualized in what 4 groups?
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1. Cranial Nerve Nuclei
2. Long Tracts (sensory & motor) 3. Cerebellar Circuitry 4. Reticular Formation |
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Brainstem terminology:
What and where is the basis? |
The basis is the most ventral portion of the brain stem where corticospinal and corticobulbar tracts course through.
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Arrange these terms in dorsal to ventral order:
Tegmentum, Basis, Tectum |
Tectum - "roof", dorsal to aqueduct
Tegmentum - "covering", ventral to aqueduct Basis - most ventral portion |
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The primary pyramidal decussation occurs in which brainstem region?
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cervicomedullary junction
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Bilateral lesions of the ventral portions of the pons, sparing midbrain and more caudal structures can result in what syndrome?
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Locked In Syndrome - due to lesioning of bilateral corticospinal tracts but sparing of sensory pathways - patient can't move but has intact sensation/cognition
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The rostral reticular formation is generally responsible for what functions?
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alertness/arousal - proximity to diencephalic nuclei & forebrain
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The caudal reticular formation is generally responsible for what functions?
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autonomic motor & reflex functions - proximity to cranial nerve nuclei & spinal cord
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Brainstem ischemia in what brainstem region is a classic cause of coma?
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pontomesencephalic reticular formation, (i.e. upper brainstem reticular formation)
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Primary brainstem dopaminergic projection systems are located in which region?
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midbrain - ventral tegmental & substantia nigra
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Raphe nuclei contain neurons rich in what neurotransmitter?
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Serotonin
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Wallenberg's syndrome is caused by lateral medullary infarcts and therefore motor involvement is or is not prominent?
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motor findings are NOT prominent as medial medulla carries pyramidal tract and is spared.
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The main vascular supply for the midbrain is the ...
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PCA
posterior cerebral artery |
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The main vascular supply for the pons is the ...
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Basilar artery primarily but also anterior inferior cerebellar and lateral pontine arteries
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The inferior and superior colliculi are located in what brainstem region?
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Midbrain
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Sleep promoting systems are thought to be located in which brain stem region?
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Medullary reticular formation
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