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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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interneurons
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act as intermediaries between motor and sensory neurons
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Difference between dendrites and axons
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dendrites receive signals from other cells
axons send signals away from the cell body of the neuron |
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glial cells form what
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myelin sheath
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what is the importance of myelin sheath?
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increases SPEED and EFFICIENCY of information transmission
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what is interesting about the two hemispheres of the brain?
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opposite parts of the brain control opposite parts of the body
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cerebral lateralization
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different hemispheres of the brain are in charge of different things
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neurogenisis
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the proliferation of neurons during rapid cell division
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synaptogenisis
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each neuron forms synapses with thousands of others
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what happens after synaptogenisis in the brain?
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hyperconnectivity and synaptic pruning where the synapses and neurons die because there are too many
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Which synapses are preserved?
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ones that are activated more, because the bond between neurons becomes stronger
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plasticity
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capacity of the brain to be molded or changed by experience
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experience-expectant plasticity
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process through which the normal wiring of the brain occurs in part as a result of experiences that every human who inhabits any reasonably normal environment will have
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experience-dependent plasticity
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neural connections are created and reorganized throughout life as a function of an individual's experiences
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likelihood of brain damage recovery depends on what two things?
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severity
what stage of development the brain is in |
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what are the worst and best times to suffer brain injury?
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worst: prenatal development and right after birth
best: early childhood when pruning and synapse generation are occurring therefore when plasticity is highest |
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how do genes effect growth?
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influencing the production of hormones
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secular trends
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marked changes in physical development that have occurred over generations
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Failure-to-thrive
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a condition in which infants become malnourished and fail to grow or gain weight for no apparent reason
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