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115 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pott's disease
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TB of the spine
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Paget's disease
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enlarged and deformed bones
causes hypercalcemia |
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Cubital tunnel syndrome affects this nerve
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Ulnar nerve at the (funny bone)
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What disease causes HYPER vitaminosis-D
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sarcoidosis
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mono-articular joint pain and bilateral Bell’s palsy
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Lyme disease
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Urinalysis of pt shows WBC casts, what’s the DX
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pyelonephritis
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Infant becomes flaccid after eating honey, what’s the organism
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C. botulinium
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What exposure leads to squamous cell carcinoma of penis
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HPV
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Pt develops endocarditis three weeks post prosthetic heart valve insertion, what’s the organism(s)
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S. Aureus
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Pt visits Mexico and gets bloody diarrhea, what RBC ingesting trophozoite will be found in stool
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Entameoba histolytica
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Which clostridium causes gas gangrene
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Clostridium perfringens
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What titer is used in detecting rheumatic fever
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anti-ASO
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HaEMOPhilus Influenzae causes
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Epiglotitis
Meningitis Ottitis media Pneumonia |
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Hansen’s disease is aka
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leprosy
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Name the spirochetes
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Borrelia
Leptospira Treponema |
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Organism that causes syphilis
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Treponema pallidum
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Brain abcesses and birth defects assoc. with
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toxoplasmosis
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Bloating, flatulence and foul smelling diarrhea caused by
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Giardia
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Trypanosoma cruzi causes
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Chaga's disease
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Which virus causes sore throat and pink eye
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adenovirus
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What sign is for measles
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Koplik spots on buccal mucosa
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Name the 3 C's of measles
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Cough
Coryza (acute rhinitis) Conjunctivitis |
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In this test, Heterophil antibodies agglutinate w/sheep RBCs
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Mono DX test
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Which Hep is transmitted fecal-oral
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HEP A and E transmitted fecal-oral
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Best test to detect active HAV infection
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IgM HAV-Ab
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____ consist only of proteins – no DNA or RNA
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Prions
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Prions are assoc. with
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Spongyform encephalopathy
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What causes osteomyelitis in most people
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S. Aureus
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Dog or cat bite bug
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Pasteurella multocida
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The most common Circle of Willis aneurysm
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Anterior communicating
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An infarct in this Circle of Willis artery may cause CN III palsy
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Posterior communicating
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Disease affecting only motor neurons and sparing sensory
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ALS
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What are the signs of UMN damage
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Spastic paralysis (clonus)
Hyperactive DTRs Babinski |
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Horner's syndrome S/Sx
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Ptosis
miosis anhydrosis enopthalmos |
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What injury often causes injury to radial nerve
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Humerus fracture
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Axillary nerve often damaged in what type of injuries
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Shoulder dislocation
Surgical neck of humerus fracture |
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Damage to the medial epicondyle can damage the ____ nerve
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Ulnar nerve
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_____ palsy is the traction or tear of the SUPERIOR trunk of the brachial plexus (C5 and C6 roots)
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Erb-Duchenne
presents with a "waiter's tip" position |
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compression of the subclavian artery and inferior trunk of the brachial plexus
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Thoracic outlet syndrome
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RHF results in
LHF results in |
Peripheral edema
Pulmonary edema |
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_____ aka generalized edema
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Anasarca
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Cardiogenic shock is most often caused by
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LHF due to MI
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High blood pressure in arms, low BP in legs
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Coarctation of the aorta
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Obese woman presents with hirsutism and ↑ levels of serum testosterone, what is the DX
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Polycystic ovarian syndrome
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Pt presents with diffuse goiter and hyperthyroidism, what are the expected TSH and thyroid hormone levels
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Low TSH, high thyroid hormone levels
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25 y/o female, sudden uniocular vision loss, HX of parasthesias and weakness that have resolved
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MS
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DX: child with weakness and enlarged calves
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Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy
X-linked disorder |
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Elderly woman present with headache and jaw pain, labs show ↑ESR, DX:
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temporal arteritis
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Most likely cause of systolic crescendo-decrescendo murmur
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Aortic stenosis
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30 y/o man with BRBPR after stressful event. Colonic biopsy shows transmural inflammation
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Crohn's disease
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What are the clinical findings in pneumothorax
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Pleuritic pain, SOB
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What are the three T’s of blue babies
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Tetrology of Fallot
Transposition of the Great vessels Truncus arteriousus |
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the most common heart congenital anomaly
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VSD
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Edward’s syndrome is trisomy ____
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18 (Election age is 18)
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Patau’s syndrome is trisomy ____
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13 (Puberty is at 13)
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Down syndrome is trisomy ___
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21 (drinking age)
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What is one of the most common causes of hypo-gonadism in males
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Kleinfelter's
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Turner's syndrome
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Monosomy X
Short stature Broad chest Lymphoedema |
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Turner’s is most common cause of
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Primary amenorrhea
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X-linked defect affecting the methylation and expression of FMR-1 gene. It is the 2nd most common cause of mental retardation
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Fragile X syndrome
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Marfan’s is due to
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Fibrillin gene mutation
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_____: café au lait spots, neural tumors, Lisch nodules (pigmented iris hamartomas)
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Neurofibromatosis type 1 AKA von Recklinghausens due to chromosome 17 mutation (17 letters in name)
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disease causing depression, progressive dementia and chorea
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Huntington's chorea
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What is the number one cause of congenital malformations in the US?
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Fetal alchohol syndrome
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disorder of DNA repair in which the body's normal ability to remove damage caused by UV light is deficient
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Xeroderma pigmentosum; leads to BCC and Squamous cell carcinoma
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Actinic keratosis
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small cell carcinoma
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Cirrhosis from ETOH, Hep B or C leads to?
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Hepatocellular carcinoma
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Dysplastic nevus leads to
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malignant melanoma
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HHV-8 causes?
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Kaposi's sarcoma
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cancer assoc. with HPV
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Cervical cancer
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cancer assoc. with HBV,HCV
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Hepatocellular carcinoma
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most common primary brain tumor
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Gliomas
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second most common brain tumor
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meningioma
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disorders of the neuromuscular junction
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Myethenia Gravis
Lambert-Eaton syndrome |
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How do we distinguish between immune mediated and non-immune mediated hemolysis
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Coomb's test
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What causes sickle cell
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substitution in the beta-HgB chain of glutamic acid with valine
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Alpha-thalassemia is due to missing alpha-globins (up to 4). If all 4 are missing, what results in utero
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Hydrops fetalis and
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What is the most common bleeding disorder
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von Willebrand's
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Multiple myeloma: monoclonal ____ cell with fried-egg appearance. Produces large amounts of which Ig?
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Plasma cell
IgG |
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What causes achalasia
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Loss of myenteric plexus (Auerbachs) results in failure of relaxation of LES
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Bird’s beak due to
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achalasia
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What is kernicterus?
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Billirubin deposited in brain
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What condition causes ↑conjugated bilirubin due to defective liver excretion
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Dubin-Johnson syndrome
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Child with hepatomegaly(fatty liver),
coma(encephalopathy) and hypoglycemia, what could be the cause |
Reye’s syndrome
Due to ASA tx of varicella or influenza |
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What are the Four risk factors for renal or gall stones
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Fat, Fertile, Female over Forty
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What is Trousseau’s syndrome
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Migratory thrombophlebitis
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____ is a chronic necrotizing infection of bronchi
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Bronchiectasis
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What is Kartagener’s syndrome
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Immotile cilia due to defective dynein arm
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Which lung cancer has a clear link to smoking
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squamous cell and small cell
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Which tumor arise peripherally in the lung
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Adenocarcinoma
Bronchioalveolar / Large cell |
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Subdural caused by
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Bridging veins – seen in infants/elderly
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Disease with only lower-motor neuron symptoms
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Polio
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Subarrachnoid hemorrhage usually do to
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Barry aneurysm
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Classic triad of MS: SIN
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Scanning speech
Intention tremor Nystagmus |
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Triad for Reiter's syndrome
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Urethritis
uveitis arthritis |
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MC injured nerve with anterior shoulder dislocation
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Axillary
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delta wave
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WPW
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fever, sore throat, sandpapery rash
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scarlet fever
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sever ocular pain, steaming cornea
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acute narrow angle glaucoma
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truncal obesity, hirtuism
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Cushing's
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lyme disease organism
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Borrelia Burghorferi
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Naegele's rule
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subtract 3 months
add 7 days |
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scale for the stages of sexual development in childre/adolescents
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Tanner scale
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Weber test
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sensorineural hearing loss
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MC renal stone
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Calcium
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malignancy of the nipple
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Paget's disease
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cystic tumor connected to synovial sheath
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Ganglion cysts
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regulates aldosterone secretions
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Angiotensin II
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organism assoc. with otitis externa
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pseudomonas
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cobble stone appearance in colon
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Crohn's disease
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sphincter that controls bile out of duodenum
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Oddi
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smallest bone in body
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stapes
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5 P's of compartment syndrome
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Pain
Pallor Poikilothermia Pulselessness Parasthesias |
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MCC of blindness
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DM retinopathy
Glaucoma |
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Test used for DeQuervan's
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Finkelstein test
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