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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sound
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Mechanical Energy we hear
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Soundwaves have how many attributes?
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3
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What attributes to soundwaves have?
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1. Frequency
2. Amplitude 3. Complexity |
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Frequency
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Rate that waves vibrate
Low frequency = low pitch High frequency = high pitch IT IS THE PITCH OF THE SOUND Measured in hertz, mega kilo. THis is one of 3 attributes of sound |
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Amplitude
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Intensity of sound
High amplitude= big waves low amp= little waves IT IS THE LOUDNESS OF THE SOUND measured in decibels, (dB) |
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Complexity
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The timber of sound
How you tell sounds apart Simple waves Complex waves This is one of 3 attributes of sound |
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Outer Ear consists of what parts?
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1. Pinna
2. External ear canal |
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What does the outer ear do?
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Catches sound waves, funnels, them into your ear
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What parts are in the middle ear?
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1. Ear drum
2. Ossicles (bones) |
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What are the parts of the inner ear?
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1. Oval windown
2. Semicircular canals 3. Chochlea |
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What are the semicircular canals involved with?
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BALANCE
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What parts of the ear are filled with fluid?
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1. Semicircular Canals
2. Cochlea |
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What is inside the Cochlea?
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Fulid, basilar membrane, tectoral membrane, hair cells with cilia
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Tectural is like the _______.
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roof
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Basilar is the_______?
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Bottom
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The bending of the cilia causes ________________.
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Neurological signal
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The bending of the cilia hairs is a____________?
Meaning.... |
Graded potential!
Neurotransmitters are released |
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What is the cycle of hearing?
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Nts--> neurons --> axons(made up of cranial nerve #8 -
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What is cranial nerve # 8
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Auditory Nerve
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What does the auditorial nerve deal with?
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Hearing and balance
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What is Sound's pathway to the brain?????
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Medula to thalamus to primary auditory cortex,
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Where is the primary auditory cortex located in the brain?
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The temporal lobe
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What are haircells doing?
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The are responding to frequency just like rods and cones are.
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Wernicke's Area
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Understanding speech, usually located in the left hemisphere (some left handed people have it located on the right side of their brain)
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Heschi's Gyrus
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Music, right hemisphere.
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Speech and music are....
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NOT LOCATED IN THE SAME AREA.
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Language and Music are...
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UNIVERSAL IN HUMANS
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There are over ________ languages spoken, and there are _________ between these langueages
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4000
similarities |
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Do we have an inate ability for language?
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YES
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What evidence is there of genetic basis for learning language?
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1. Language is universal
2. Humans learn language early in life, without effort. 3. Structural elements are across languages |
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Humans need to be exposed to language between the ages of ________________ or they will not be able to learn it as well.
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1-6
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What are examples of structural elements across languages?
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Grammar
Creolization (two languages fuzed together) Pidgin- No grammar, what creolization starts out as |
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What does Chomsky say about grammar?
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Says there is a universal grammar (The idea is actually in your brain)
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What does Pinker think about grammar?
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Says it's an ability to learn it
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Broca's Area...
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Discovered in 1861
Found in left frontal lobe (language production |
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Wernicke's Area
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Temporal Lobe
Language understanding |
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Aphasia
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Inability to produce or comprehend language despite functioning vocal apparatus/ auditory system
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A burst of noise involves the...
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heschi's gyrus
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listening to melodies is....
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Secondary auditory cortex
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Comparing pitches....
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Frontal lobe
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Birdsong
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-asymmetrical (located in 1 hemisphere of the brain)
-innate, but influenced by experience -areas of brain respond to hearing song -better singers have larger brains. |
