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123 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Content Review:
Six rights of Drug Administration |
1.Right Person
2.Right drug 3.Right dose 4.Right time 5.Right route 6.Right documentation Extra: Right expiration MEDPR TD Page 395 |
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Agents used in the diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of disease
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Medications/drugs
Page 395 |
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Measures to decrease your risk of exposure to blood and body fluids
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Standard Precautions
Page 396 |
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A condition free of pathogens
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Asepsis
Page 397 |
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Limited to one area of the body
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Local
Page 397 |
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Throughout the body
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Systemic
Page 397 |
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Free of all forms of life
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Sterile
Page 397 |
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Careful handling to prevent contamination
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Medically clean
Page 397 |
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Cleansing agent that is toxic to living tissue
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Disinfectant
Page 397 |
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Cleansing agent that is not toxic to living tissue
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Antiseptic
Alcohol, iodine preps Page 398 |
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Content Review:
Needle Handling Precautions |
1.Minimize tasks in a moving ambulance
2.Properly dispose of all sharps 3.Recap needles onlyu as a last resort |
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Rigid, puncture-resistant container clearly marked as a biohazard
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Sharps container
Page 398 |
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Material applied to and absorbed through the skin or mucous membranes
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Topical medications
Page 399 |
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Content Review:
Routes of Drug Administration |
1.Percutaneous
2.Pulmonary 3.Enteral 4.Parenteral Page 399 |
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Content Review:
Percutaneous Routes |
1.Transdermal
2.Mucous membrane Page 399 |
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Content Review:
Mucous Membrane Medication Sites |
1.Tongue
2.Cheek 3.Eye 4.Nose 5.Ear Page 399 |
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Benneath the tongue
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Sublingual
Page 400 |
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Between the cheek and gums
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Buccal
Page 400 |
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Drug administered through the mucous membranes of the eye
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Ocular medication
Page 401 |
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Drug administered through the mucous membranes of the nose
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Nasal medication
Page 402 |
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Device that produces a fine aerosol mist that permits wide and even distribution of a medication across the nasal mucosa
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Medication Atomization Device (MAD)
Page 403 |
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Drug administered through the mucous membranes of the ear and ear canal
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Aural medication
Page 403 |
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Drawing of medication into the lungs along with air during breathing
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Inhalation
Page 404 |
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Placement of medication in or under the skin with a needle and syringe
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Injection
Page 404 |
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Content Review:
Pulmonary Medication Mechanisms |
1.Nebulizer
2.Metered dose inhaler 3.Endotracheal tube Page 404 |
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Inhalation aid that disperses liquid into aerosol spray or mist
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Nebulizer
Page 404 |
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Handheld device that produces a medicated spray for inhalation
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Metered dose inhaler
Page 405 |
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Content Review:
Endotracheal Medications |
1.Lidocaine
2.Vasopressin 3.Epinephrine 4.Atropine 5.Naloxone Page 407 |
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Through the gastrointestinal tract
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Enteral
Page 407 |
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Content Review:
Enteral Routes |
1.Oral
2.Gastric tube 3.Rectal Page 408 |
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Change in a medication's chemical composition that occurs in the liver
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hepatic alteration
Page 412 |
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Medication packaged in a soft pliable form for insertion into the rectum
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Suppository
Page 413 |
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A liquid bolus of medication that is infected into the rectum
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Enema
Page 413 |
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Concentrated mass of medication
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Bolus
Page 413 |
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Outside of the gastrointestinal tract
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Parenteral
Page 414 |
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Plastic tube with which liquid medications can be drawn up, stored, and injected
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Syringe
Page 414 |
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Hollow metal tube used with the syringe to administer medications
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Hypodermic needle
18 - 27 guage 3/8 - 1 1/2 inch lengths Page 415 |
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The size of a needle's diameter
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Gauge
Page 415 |
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Breakable glass vessel containing liquid medication
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Ampule
Page 416 |
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Plastic or glass container with a self-sealing rubber top
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Vial
Page 416 |
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Vial with two containers, one holding a powdered medication and the other holding a liquid mixing solution
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Nonconstituted drug vial/ Mix-o-vial
Page 419 |
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Syringe packaged in a tamper-proof container with the medication already in the barrel
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Prefilled / Preloaded syringe
Page 419 |
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Parenteral medication packaged in an IV bag and administered as an IV infusion
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Medicated Solution
Page 421 |
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Liquid medication delivered through a vien
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Infusion
Page 421 |
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Content Review:
Parenteral Routes |
1.Intradermal injection
2.Subcutaneous injection 3.Intramuscular injection 4.Intravenous access 5.Intraosseous infusion Page 422 |
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Within the dermal layer of the skin
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Intradermal
25 - 27 guage 3/8 - 1 inch long Page 422 |
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The layer of loose conective tissue between the skin and muscle
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Subcutaneous
24 - 26 guage 3/8 - 1 inch long Page 424 |
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Within the muscle
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Intramuscular
1 -5 ML syringe 21 - 23 guage 3/8 - 1 inch long Page 427 |
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Content Review:
Intramuscular Injection Sites |
1.Deltoid
2.Dorsal gluteal 3.Vastus lateralis 4.Rectus femoris Page 427 |
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Surgical puncture of a vein to deliver medication or withdraw blood.
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Intravenous (IV) access
Also called Cannulation Page 430 |
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Surgical puncture of a vein in the arm, leg, or neck
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Peripheral venous access
Page 431 |
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Surgical puncture of the internal jugular, subclavian, or femoral vein.
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Central venous access
Page 432 |
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Line threaded into the central circulation via a peripheral site
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Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)
Page 432 |
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External Jugular access is considered.....
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Peripheral venous access
Page 432 |
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Internal Jugular access is considered....
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Central venous access
Page 432 |
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Chemically prepared solution tailored to the body's specific needs
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Intravenous fluid
Page 433 |
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Intravenous solutions containing large protiens that cannot pass through capillary membranes
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Colloid
Page 433 |
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Intravenous solutions that contain electrolytes but lack the larger proteins associated with colloids
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Crystalloid
Page 433 |
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State in which solutions on opposite sides of a semipermeable membrane are in equal concentration
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Isotonic
Page 433 |
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State in which a solution has a higher solute concentration on one side of a semipermeable membrane than on the other side
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Hypertonic
Page 433 |
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State in which a solution has a lower solute concentration on one side of a semipermeable membrane than on the other side
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Hypotonic
Page 434 |
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Content Review:
Crystalloid Classes |
1.Isotonic
2.Hypertonic 3.Hypotonic Page 434 |
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Flexible, clear plastic tubing that connects the solution bag to the IV cannula
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Administration tubing
Page 435 |
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Hollow needle used to puncture a vien
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Cannula
Page 435 |
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Administration tubing that delivers a relatively large amount of fluid
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Macrodrip administration tubing
Page 435 |
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Administration tubing that delivers a relatively small amount of fluid
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Microdrip administration tubing
Page 435 |
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Sharp pointed device inserted into the IV solution bag's administration set port.
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Spike
Page 435 |
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Clear plastic chamber that allows visualization of the drip rate
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Drip chamber
Page 435 |
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Pace at which the fluid moves from the bag into the patient
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Drip rate
Page 435 |
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Device that regulates the size of drops
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Drop former
Page 436 |
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Self sealing membrane into which a hypodermic needle is inserted for drug administration
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Medication injection port
Page 437 |
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Rigid plastic device specifically constructed to fit into the hub of an intravenous cannula
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Needle adapter
Page 437 |
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IV tubing used to extend a macrodrip or microdrip setup
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Extention tubing
Page 437 |
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IV setup that delivers specific volumes of fluid
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Measured volume administration set
Page 438 |
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Calibrated chamber of berutol IV administration tubing that enables precise measurement and delivery of fluids and medicated solutions
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Burette chamber
Page 438 |
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Administration tubing that contains a filter to prevent clots or other debris from entering the patient
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Blood tubing
Page 438 |
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Semiflexible catheter enclosing a sharp metal stylet
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Over the needle catheter / angiocatheter
Page 440 |
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Stylet that does not have a Teflon tube but is itself inserted into the vein and secured there
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Hollow needle catheter
Page 440 |
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Teflon catheter inserted through a large metal stylet
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Catheter inserted through the needle / intracatheter
Page 441 |
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Flat rubber band used to impede venous return and make veins easier to see
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Venous constricting band
Page 441 |
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leakage of fluid or medication from the blood vessel that is commonly found with infiltration
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Extravasation
Page 449 |
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Content Review:
IV Troubleshooting |
1.Constricting band still in place?
2.Edema at the puncture site? 3.Cannula abutting vein wall or valve? 4.Administration set control valves closed 5.IV bag to low 6.Completely filled drip chamber 7.Is the catheter patent? Page 449 |
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Content Review:
IV Access Complications |
1.Pain
2.Local infection 3.Pyrogenic reaction 4.Allergic reaction 5.Catheter shear 6.Inadvertent arterial puncture 7.Circulatory overload 8.Thrombophlebitis 9.Air embolism 10.Necrosis 11.Anticoagulants Page 450 |
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Foreign protein capable of producing fever
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Pyrogen
Page 450 |
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Foreign particle in the blood
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Embolus
Page 450 |
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An excess in intravascular fluid volume
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Circulatory overload
Page 450 |
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Inflammation of the vein
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Thrombophlebitis
Page 450 |
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Blood clot
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Thrombus
Page 451 |
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Air in the vein
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Air embolism
Page 451 |
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The sloughing off of dead tissue
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Necrosis
Page 451 |
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Drug that inhibits blood cloting
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Anticoagulant
Page 451 |
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Intravenous Bolus syringe size and length is.....
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Syringe size depends on volume
18 - 20 guage 1 - 1 1/2 inch long |
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Peripheral IV cannula with a distal medication port used for intermittent fluid or medication infusions, Saline is injected into the device to maintain its patency.
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Saline lock
18 - 20 guage 1 - 1 1/2 inch long Page 456 |
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Peripheral IV cannula with a distal medication port used for intermittent fluid or medication infusions, Flushes of Heparin solution, which inhibit blood coagulation, are used to maintain patency of the device.
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Heparin lock
Page 456 |
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Surgically implanted port that permits repeated access to central venous circulation.
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Venous access device
Page 458 |
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Needle that has an opening on the side of the shaft instead of the tip
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Huber needle
21 or 22 guage Huber needle Is injected into a venous access device at a 90 degree angle. There are other specialized needles for this task besides the Huber as well. Page 458 |
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Gravity flow device that regulates fluids passage through an electromechanical pump
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Infusion controller
Page 459 |
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Outside the vien
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Extravascular
Page 459 |
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Device that delivers fluids and medications under positve prssure
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Infusion pump
Page 460 |
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Glass container with color coded, self sealing rubber top
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Blood tube
Page 461 |
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Device that holds blood tubes
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Vacutainer
Page 462 |
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Long, exposed needle that screws into the vacutainer and is inserted directly into the vein
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Multidraw needle
Page 462 |
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Order of blood tube sequence is....
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(RBGPG)
1.Red 2.Blue 3.Green 4.Purple 5.Grey |
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Elevated numbers of red and white blood cells
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Hemoconcentration
Page 464 |
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The destruction of red blood cells
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Hemolysis
Page 464 |
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Within the bone
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Intraosseous
14 - 18 guage hollow cannula with metal trocar Page 465 |
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A sharp, pointed instrument
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Trocar
Page 466 |
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Developed in Israel used for IO's
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Bone Injection Gun (B.I.G.)
Page 468 |
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Used for IO placement into the sternum
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F.A.S.T.I.
Page 468 |
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Uses a small drill to place an IO needle into the bone
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EZ-IO
Page 468 |
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Content Review:
Intraosseous Access Complications |
1.Fracture
2.Infiiltration 3.Growth plate damage 4.Complete insertion 5.Pulmonary embolism 6.Infection Page 472 |
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Content Review:
Fundamental Metric Units |
1.Grams=mass
2.Meters=distance 3.Liters=volume Page 474 |
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Predetermined amount of medication or fluid
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Unit
Page 476 |
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Standard concentration of routinely used medications
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Stock solution
Page 476 |
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Specific quanity of medication needed
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Desired dose
Page 476 |
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Weight per volume
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Concentration
Page 477 |
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The ammount of drug available in a solution
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Dosage on hand
Page 477 |
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The available amount of solution containing a medication
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Volume on hand
Page 477 |
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Speed at which a medication is delivered intravenously
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Infusion rate
Page 480 |
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Drug administered through the mucous membranes of the eye
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Ocular medication
Page 401 |
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Abbreviations/names for right eye, left eye, and both eyes
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1.o.d. (oculus dexter) right eye
2.o.s. (oculus sinister) left eye 3.o.u. (oculus uterque) both eyes Page 401 |
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Name the guage needles used for each of the following:
IO, IV, IM, SQ, ID, Hubber Write them on a sheet of paper and compare..... |
IO= 14 - 18 guage
IV= 18 - 20 guage IM= 21 - 23 guage SQ= 24 - 26 guage ID= 25 - 27 guage Page 422....... |
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How many liters of o2 do you set for a nebulizer
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5 - 8 LPM
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