Mod 8

Front 1

Enzyme

Back 1

Speeds up a chemical reaction in a living cell without being used up in the process.

Front 2

Metabolism

Back 2

The exchange of matter and energy between organism and its environment

Front 3

Oxidation

Back 3

Loss of electrons

Front 4

Reduction

Back 4

The gain of electrons

Front 5

Chemical Equation for photosynthesis

Back 5

CO2 + H2O ----(LIGHT)-----> Carbohydrate +O2

Front 6

Joseph Priestly

Back 6

Ran the experiments with the glass jar, the candle, the mouse, and the mint leaves. Said that the mint leaf mended the air and made it possible for the rat and the candle to survive.

Front 7

Jan Ingenhousz

Back 7

1779 Discovered that light is required in order for plants to purify the air, also the green parts of plants,(leaves), were needed.

Front 8

T.W. Englemann

Back 8

1882 Demonstrated which parts of the visible light spectrum are required in order for plans to release O2

Front 9

C.B. Van Niel

Back 9

1930 Propose that the O2 released by plants in the light comes from the H2O

Front 10

Calvin, Benson, ect

Back 10

1946-1953 used 14CO2, Chlorella, And paper chromatography to discover how plants convert CO2 to sugar

Front 11

Photolysis

Back 11

The Decomposition or separation of molecules by the action of light. Releases O2 back into the atmosphere.

Front 12

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Back 12

A molecule with three phosphate groups attached to it. Energy. A high energy pond connects to ADP. It's called respiration

Front 13

NADP/NADPH

Back 13

Carries the electrons from the light energy collection reactions to the sugar synthesis reactions

Front 14

Photosynthesis

Back 14

The reduction process in which plants convert low energy carbon dioxide to high energy carbohydrate by using light energy captured in ATP

Front 15

Light Reactions

Back 15

Energy from light is temporarily captured in ATP and NADPH

Front 16

Photosystem

Back 16

Functional and structural units of protein complexes involved in photosynthesis that together carry out the primary photochemistry of photosynthesis. Absorption of light and the transfer of energy and electrons.

Front 17

Chlorophyll A

Back 17

A specific form of chlorophyll used in oxygen enic photosynthesise. Absorbs most energy from wave length of Violet blue and orange-red light it also reflects green yellow light

Front 18

Chlorophyll B

Back 18

Aids in photosynthesis by absorbing light energy and is more soluble than chlorophyll a.

Front 19

Carotene

Back 19

Orange-red pigment found in carrots and many other plant structures. It is a hydrocarbon with several isono murs of which one is important in the diet as a precursor of vitamin a

Front 20

Xanthophyll

Back 20

Yellow or Brown plant pigment that causes the autumn colors of leaves

Front 21

Carotenoid

Back 21

Class of mainly yellow, Orange, or read fat-soluble pigments. Which gives color to plant parts such as ripe tomatoes and autumn leaves. C40H56

Front 22

Accessory Pigments

Back 22

Light absorbing compounds found in photosynthetic organisms that work in conjection with chlorophyll a.

Front 23

Reaction center

Back 23

A complex of several proteins, pigments, and other co-factors that together execute the primary energy conversion reactions of photosynthesis.

Front 24

Antenna complex

Back 24

An array of protein and chlorophyll molecules imbedded in the thylakoid membrane of plants, which transfer light energy to one chlorophyll a molecule at the reaction center of the photosystem

Front 25

Photophoshorylation

Back 25

The use of light energy from photo sentences to ultimately provide the energy to convert ADP to ATP thus replenishing the universal energy currency in living things.

Front 26

Thylakoid

Back 26

Eat of a number of flattened sacks inside a chloroplast, bounded by pigmented membranes on which the light reactions of photosynthesis take place, and arranged in stacks or Grana

Front 27

Thylakoid Membrane

Back 27

A membrane-bound compartment inside chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. They are the site of the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis.

Front 28

Lumen

Back 28

The inside space of a tubular structure such as an artery or intestine.

Front 29

Stroma

Back 29

The colorless fluid surrounding the grana within the chloroplast.

Front 30

Coroplast

Back 30

Plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place.

Front 31

Calvin cycle

Back 31

A series of biochemical redox reactions that take place in the stroma of chloroplast in photosynthetic organisms. It is also known as the light independent reactions.

Front 32

RuBP

Back 32

And organic substance that is involved in photosynthesis. It is a colorless double phosphate Ester. Called ribulose.

Front 33

3PGA

Back 33

A biochemically significant 3 carbon molecule that is a metabolic intermediate in both glycosis and the Calvin cycle.

Front 34

GA3P

Back 34

A chemical compound that occurs as an intermediate in several central metabolic pathways of all organisms.

Front 35

CAM Photosynthesis

Back 35

A carbon fixation pathway that evolved in some plants as an adaptation to arid conditions. In a plant using full cam photosynthesise the stomata in the leaves remain shut during the day to reduce evaporation but open at night to collect carbon dioxide.

Front 36

PEP

Back 36

An enzyme in the carbo locks is responsible for the formulation of the 4 carbon compound.

Front 37

PEP Carboxylase

Back 37

An enzyme found in plants and some bacteria that catalyzes to form the 4 carbon compound.

Front 38

C4 Photosynthesis

Back 38

Photosynthesis process of C4 plants is divided between mesophyll and bundle sheath cells. A 2 step process

Front 39

Photorespiration

Back 39

A respiratory process in many higher plants by which they take up oxygen in the light and give out some carbon dioxide, contrary to the general pattern of photosynthesis.

Front 40

Kranz Anatomy

Back 40

A distinctive leaf pattern typical in c four plants consisting of two photosynthetic cell types. These are the bundle sheets cells that surround the vascular centers and mesophyll cells that in turn surround the bundle sheath cells.

Front 41

Bundle Sheath

Back 41

Air or region of compact lee arranged cells surrounding a vascular bundle in a plant. The bundle sheets regulate the movement of Substances between the vascular tissue and the parenchyma and in leaves protect the vascular tissue from exposure to air.

Front 42

Mesophyll

Back 42

The inner tissue of a leaf containing many chloroplasts.

Front 43

C3 Photosynthesis

Back 43

Plants that use only the Calvin cycle for fixing the carbon dioxide from the air.