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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Enzyme function
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regulate most metabolic activities
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anabolism
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storing E (photosynthesis)
-like anaerobics.muscle building... building E |
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catabolism
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consuming stored E (respiration)
-like canabalism, eating(using) E |
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oxidation-reduction reactions
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loss and gain of electrons
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oxidation
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loss of e-
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reduction
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gain of e- (opposite)
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respiration occurs...
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in mitochondria, makes ATP
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ATP
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adenosine triphosphate, made with light as an E source
-takes place in green parts of plant |
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photosynthesis equation
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6CO2 + 12H20 + light ==> C6H12O6 + 6H20 + 6O2
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light reactions
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convert solar E to chemical E
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calvin cycle
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makes sugar from CO2
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wavelength
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as L decreases, E increases (gamma ray EXTREMELY LOW L)
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chloroplasts and light
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absorbs all visible waelengths except green
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pigments
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chlorophyll a, b, caratenoids, xanthophylls, etc.
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photons
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-light particles
-absorbed by chlorophyll -->e- gain E, excitatory -->E released as ATP and NADPH -->some E lost as heat |
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photosystem
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organized group of chlorophyll and other pigments/molecules
-->imbeded in thykaloid membrane |
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thykaloid
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-"coin" in the granum stack
-chloroplast can have hundreds |
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reaction center
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one pigment molecule (chlorophyll a)
-sends e- to primary electron acceptor =requires ANOTHER photon, results in NADPH |
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antenna pigments
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all other pigment molecules, sends E to reaction center
-serve as light-gathering antenna |
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atp mill aka...
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-electron transport chain
-cytochrome complex |
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calvin cycle
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3RuBP + CO3 ==> rubisco splits RuBP into two halves (x3) ==>6 3-PGA + light E ==>6G3P (half a sugar molecule)
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light independent reactions
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calvin cycle
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water and photosynthesis
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less than 1% of all water absorbed by plant is used in photosynthesis
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if water is scarce...
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-stomata close
-reduces supply of CO2 for photosynthesis |
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light intensity
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-as intensity increases, photosynthesis increases
-at a certain point, E production plateus -too intense = bleaching |
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chlorophyll a
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blue-green
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chlorophyll b
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yellow-green
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caratenoids
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yellow/orange
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phycobillins
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blue or red
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C4 photosynthesis
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-4-carbon compound
-kranz anatomy -provides major reduction in photorespiration |
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CAM photosynthesis
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-similar to C4, 4 carbons
-organic acids accumulate at night and break down during the day = releasing CO2 -good for limited water supply and high light intensity -i.e. CACTUS |
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krebs cycle
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aerobic respiration
-produces 1ATP + 3NADPH |
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glycolysis
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-glucose molecule becomes a fructose carrying two phosphates (P)
-fructose molecule splits into two GA23P -some hydrogen, E, H2O are removed ==> pyruvic acid |
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fermentation
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respiration w/o O2
(anaerobic) |
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assimilation
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using/assimilating extra organic matter from photosynthesis to build protoplasm and cell walls
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digestion
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conversion of starch/insoluble carbohydrates to soluble forms
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