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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a plant narcotic?
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Any psychoactive drug that is addictive and dangerous. Can cause hallucinations, and affect CNS
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Stimulants
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reduce fatigue and increase alertness (cocaine and caffeine)
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Hallucinogens
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Cause changes in thought, emotion. (Marijuana, LSD)
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Depressants
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Dull mental awareness, reduce physical performance, and often induce sleep or trance like state (opium, tropane alkaloids)
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Tropane Alkaloids
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Group of alkaloids that have similar chemical structure and similar reactions
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Angiosperm families: (6)
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Solanaceae (Nightshade family)
Papaveraceae (Poppy family) Rubiaceae (coffee family) Erthryoxylaceae (coca family) Myristicaceae (nutmeg family) Convolvulaceae (morning glory) |
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Marijuana
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Cannabis Sativa, Indica (psychoactive) Cannabaciae
Leaves palmately compound dioecous "Land of Mulberry and hemp" China "Ma" India first country find hallucinogen Lord Shiva (Bhang, Ganga, Hashish) |
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Tobacco
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Nicotiana Solanaceae
Tobacco after curing "peace pipes" "drinking smoke" carried messages to god "Cigars" Colombus to Isabella Jean Nicot: French Ambassador Linnaeus named it |
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Belladonna
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=beautiful lady Solanaceae
Atropine gives flying sensation Used by middle age witches |
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Henbane
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Least toxic belladona alkaloid
Angels Trumpet Mandrake |
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Peyote
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Cataceae
Produces Kaleidoscopic illusions Illusions last 12 hours Mescaline is hallucinogenic compound |
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Kava
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Piper Methysticum = intoxicating
Socially and served in bars Used pacific islands Energy pills Root fragments |
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Betel
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piper betel
Native to India and Sri Lanka Chewed along w/ areca nut |
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Ololiuqui
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Rivea Ipomoea Convolvulaceae
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Kat
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Native to Ethiopia
Accepted among African Muslims Fresh leaves are chewed Lime = calcium hydroxide, no CaCO3 |
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Caapi
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Used by S American Amazonian tribe
Gift from god "vine of the soul" Mashed bark and stems are used |
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Castor Beans
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seeds of Ricinus communis
The spurge family Euphorbiaceae |
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Poinsettia
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pencil cactus
Latex cause several allergic reactions |
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Milkweeds
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Apocynaceae
Advantage to the monarch butterfly |
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Oleander
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Apocynaceae
Sap is poisonous can cause allergic reactions |
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Rhododendrons and Azaleas
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Ericaceae
Contains honey but can be toxic |
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Dumbcane
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Diffenbachia
Leaves cause paralysis on tongue, throat, etc Calcium Oxalate crystals |
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Jack in the pulpit
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Araceae
Monocot Pulpit is bract portion The middle portion are inflorescence either male or female |
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Curare
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S Americans natives for arrow poison
Native to SE Asia Now used as rat poison |
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Poison hemlock and Water hemlock
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Two most poisonous plants in US
"Poison Parsley" |
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Mescel Bean and Jequirty Bean
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Fabaceae
N American Indians used hallucinogen Toxic alkaloids cytosine and abrin |
