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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Communication
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Process of human beings responding to the symbolic behavior of other persons
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Symbols
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used to represent things, processes, ideas, or events in ways that make communication possible
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Intrapersonal communication
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communicating with oneself
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Dyad
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two persons interacting
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dyadic communication
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communication between two people
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interpersonal communication
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same as dyadic interaction but maybe with more people
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Small group communication
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2 or more people interacting/communicating
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Public communication
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group becomes too large for all members to contribute to the conversation only a few people speak for all
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Mass communication
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messages that are transmitted at large, wide spread, through the media,etc. No response back
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Linear communication model
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one-way event, message flows from sender to reciever
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sender encodes
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ideas and feelings by a message
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channel
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how a message is given for example: speech, writing
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receiver decodes
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listens to or decodes message
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Noise
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any forces that interfere with effective communication
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environment
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fields of experience that help them understand others' behaviors
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Transaction communication model
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simultaneous sending and receiving of messages in an ongoing, ireversible process
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Feedback
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response of a receiver to a sender's message
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communication competence
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ability to maintain a relationship on terms acceptable to all parties
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coordination
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intgeraction in which participants interact smoothly, high satisfaction doesn't need to understand eachother well
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narratives
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personal stories that we create to make sense of our personal world
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self-serving bias
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tendancy to interpret and explain information in a way that casts the perceivver in the most favorable manner
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sympathy
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compassion for another perosn's predicament
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perception checking
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method to check accuracy of interpretations, including a description of the sense data, 2 possible interpretations, and a request for confirmation of the interpretations
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self-concept
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set of relatively stable perceptions that each of holds about ourselves
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self-esteem
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our evaluations of self-worth
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reflected appraisal
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theory that a person's self-concept matches the way the person believes others regard him or her
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significant others
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peole whose opinions we especially value
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personality
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relatively consitent set of traits people exhibit across a variety of situations
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self-fulfilling prophecy
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person's expectation of an outcome makes the outcome more likely to occur than would otherwise have been true
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impression management
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communication strategies people use to influence how others view them
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perceived self
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reflection of self-concept, person you believe to be in moments of honest self examination
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presenting self
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public image-the way we want to appear to others
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face
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presenting self
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facework
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describe the verbal and noonverbal ways we act to maintain our own presenting image and the images of others
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language
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a collection of symbols governed by rules and used to convey messages between individuals
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symbols
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arbitrary constructions that represent a communicator's thoughts
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Phonological rules
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govern how words sound when pronounced
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syntatic rules
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govern the structure of language, way symbols can be rearranged
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semantic rules
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meaning of specific words
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pragmatic rules
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final type of rules that governs how we use language
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convergence
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linguistic accomodation when 2 or more people feel equally positive about one another
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divergence
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speaking in a way that emphasizes their differences from others
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equivocal words
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words that have more than one correct meaning
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relative words
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words that are comparable
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slang
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language used by a group of people whose members belong to a similar co-culture or other group
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jargon
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vocabulary as a shorthand by people with common backgrounds/experiences
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abstraction ladder
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a range of more- to less- abstract terms describing an event or object
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abstract language
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language lacks specificty or does not refer to observable behavior or other sensory data
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behavioral description
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down abstract ladder to identify specific/observable phenomeno that's discussed
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factual statements
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claims that can be verified as true or false
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opinion statements
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based on the speaker's belief
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inferential statements
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conclusions arrived at from an interpretation of evidence
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he was daydreaming when he hit the lamppost
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emotive language
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contains words that sound as if they're describing something when they are really announcing the speaker's attitude toward something
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euphemism
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words substituted for a more pleasant more direct but potentially less pleasant one
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restroom instead of toilet
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equivocation
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vague statement that can be interpreted in more than one way
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Low-context cultures
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use languages to express thoughts fellings, and ideas as clearly as logically as possible
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high-context cultures
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value language as a way to maintain social harmony
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linguistic determinism
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language shapes and reflects worldview of culture
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Whorf-Sapir hypothesis
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structure of a language shapes the worldview of its users
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linguistic relativism
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language exerts a strong influence on perceptions of the people who use it
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