Bones And Skeletal Tissue

Front 1

DIPLOE

Back 1

The internal layer of spongy bone in flat bones.

Front 2

HYALINE CARTILAGE

Back 2

The most abundant cartilage in the body; provides firm support with some flexibility.

Front 3

CALCITONIN

Back 3

Hormone released by the thyroid that promotes a decrease in calcium levels in the blood.

Front 4

MEDULLA

Back 4

Central portion of certain organs.

Front 5

SESAMOID BONE

Back 5

Short bones imbedded in the tendons. (Example: Patella)

Front 6

FISSURE

Back 6

A groove or cleft; narrow, slitlike opening.

Front 7

CENTRAL (HAVERSIAN) CANAL

Back 7

The canal in the center of each osteon that contains minute blood vessels and nerve fibers that serve the needs of the osteocyte.

Front 8

PROCESS

Back 8

Prominence or projection.

Front 9

APPOSITIONAL GROWTH

Back 9

Growth accomplished by the addition of new layers onto those previously formed.

Front 10

EPIPHYSIS

Back 10

The end of a long bone, attached to the shaft.

Front 11

OSTEOCLASTS

Back 11

Large cells that break down, or resorb bone matrix.

Front 12

OSTEOCYTE

Back 12

Mature bone cells.

Front 13

DIAPHYSIS

Back 13

Elongated shaft of a long bone.

Front 14

OSTEOBLASTS

Back 14

Bone-forming cells.

Front 15

SKELETAL CARTILAGE

Back 15

Composes most of the skeleton in early fetal life; articular cartilage, nasal cartilage in the adult skeleton.

Front 16

CANALICULUS

Back 16

Extremely small tubular passage or channel.

Front 17

ENDOSTEUM

Back 17

Connective tissue membrane covering internal bone surfaces.

Front 18

OSTEOID

Back 18

Unmineralized bone matrix.

Front 19

INTERSTITIAL LAMELLAE

Back 19

Incomplete lamellae that lie between the intact osteons, filling the gap between forming osteons, or representing the remnants of an osteon that has been cut through by bone remodeling.

Front 20

LACUNAE

Back 20

A small space, cavity, or depression; lacunae in bone or cartilage are occupied by cells.

Front 21

MEDULLARY CAVITY

Back 21

Central cavity of a long bone; contains yellow or red bone marrow.

Front 22

OSTEON (HAVERSIAN SYSTEM)

Back 22

System of interconnecting canals in the microscopic structure of adult compact bone.

Front 23

LAMELLA

Back 23

A layer, such as of bone matrix in an osteon of compact bone.

Front 24

PERICHONDRIUM

Back 24

Fibrous, connective tissue membrane covering the external surface of cartilaginous structures.

Front 25

EPIPHYSEAL PLATE

Back 25

Plate of hyaline cartilage at the junction of the diaphysis and epiphysis that provides for growth in length of long bones.

Front 26

TRABECULA

Back 26

Thin plate of bone in spongy bone.

Front 27

FORAMEN

Back 27

Hole or opening in a bone or between body cavities.

Front 28

BONE MARROW

Back 28

Fat- or blood-forming tissue found within bone cavities.

Front 29

CARTILAGE (ENDOCHONDRAL) BONE

Back 29

Bone formed by using hyaline cartilage structures as models for ossification.

Front 30

ENDOCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION

Back 30

Embryonic formation of bone by the replacement of calcified cartilage; most skeletal bones are formed by this process.

Front 31

SPONGY (CANCELLOUS) BONE

Back 31

Internal layer of skeletal bone

Front 32

OSTEOPOROSIS

Back 32

Decreasing density and strength of bone resulting from a gradual decrease in rate of bone formation.

Front 33

PERFORATING (VOLKMANN'S) CANALS

Back 33

Canals that run at right angles to the long axis of bone, connecting the vascular and nerve supplies of the periosteum to those of the central canals and medullary cavity.

Front 34

PERIOSTEUM

Back 34

Double-layered connective tissue that covers and nourishes the bone.

Front 35

FOSSA

Back 35

A depression, often an articular surface.

Front 36

OSTEOMALACIA

Back 36

Disorder in which bones are inadequately mineralized; soft bones.

Front 37

PAGET'S DISEASE

Back 37

Disorder characterized by excessive bone breakdown and abnormal bone formation.

Front 38

CONDYLE

Back 38

Rounded articular projection.

Hint 38

Takes part in joint formation
BONE MARKINGS

Front 39

RAMUS

Back 39

Armlike bar of bone.

Hint 39

Takes part in joint formation
BONE MARKINGS

Front 40

GROOVE

Back 40

Furrow; Rut.

Hint 40

Passageway for nerve or blood vessels.
BONE MARKINGS

Front 41

MEATUS

Back 41

Canal-like passageway.

Hint 41

Passageway for nerve or blood vessels.
BONE MARKINGS

Front 42

FACET

Back 42

Smooth, nearly flat articular surface.

Hint 42

Takes part in joint formation
BONE MARKINGS

Front 43

SPINE

Back 43

Sharp, slender, often pointed projection.

Hint 43

Site of muscle attachment.
BONE MARKING

Front 44

EPICONDYLE

Back 44

Raised area on or above a condyle.

Hint 44

Site of muscle attachment.
BONE MARKING

Front 45

TUBERCLE

Back 45

Small rounded projection.

Hint 45

Site of muscle attachment.
BONE MARKING

Front 46

LINE

Back 46

Narrow ridge of bone; less prominent than a crest.

Front 47

TROCHANTER

Back 47

Very large, blunt, irregularly shaped process
(only examples are on the femur.)

Hint 47

Site of muscle attachment.
BONE MARKING

Front 48

CREST

Back 48

Narrow ridge of bone; usually prominent.

Hint 48

Site of muscle attachment.
BONE MARKING

Front 49

TUBEROSITY

Back 49

Large rounded projection.

Hint 49

Site of muscle attachment.
BONE MARKING