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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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functions of the skeletal system
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support
protection mineral homeostasis blood cell production triglyceride storage |
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Diaphysis
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bone's shaft or body
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Epiphyses
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Proximal and distal ends of the bone
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Metaphyses
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Regions between the diaphysis and epiphyses
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Articular cartilage
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thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the epiphyses.
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Periosteum
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surrounds the bone surface wherever it is not covered by articular cartilage.
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Endosteum
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thin membrane that lines the internal cavity of the bone.
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Osteogenic cells
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unspecialized stem cells, only bone cells that undergo cell division- form osteoblasts.
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Osteoblast
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bone building cells
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Osteocytes
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main cells in bone tissue, maintain exchange of nutrients and wastes with the blood.
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Osteoclasts
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huge cells in the endosteum. Release enzymes and acids that digest/repair and maintain bone.
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Compact bone tissue
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contains few spaces and is the strongest form of bone tissue. Provides strength and support.
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Spongy bone tissue
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oriented along lines of stress, light, protects red bone marrow.
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Nutritional Requirements for growth and remodeling
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calcium, phosphorus, vitamin C, vitamin K and B12
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Open Fracture
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broken bones protrude through the skin.
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Closed fracture
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broken bones do not protrude through the skin
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Comminuted Fracture
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bone is splintered at the broken ends
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Greenstick fracture
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bone breaks at one end and bends at the other end- occurs only in children
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Impacted fracture
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one end of the bone is forcefully driven into the opposite end
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hematoma
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bruise, damaged blood vessels that produce a clot
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fibrocartilage callous
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spans the broken bone, lasts 3 weeks
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bony callous
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spongy bone that joins two broken ends of the bone. lasts 3-4 months
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bone remodeling
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compact bone replaces spongy bone.
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