• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/33

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

33 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Achondroplasia inheritence pattern
AD
What are the characteristics of achondroplasia?
most common cause of dwarfism; point mutation fin gene that codes FGF receptor 3 on chromosome 4 --> inhibits cartilage proliferation
Why is thanatropic dwarfism lethal?
It is lethal secondary to respiratory insufficiency.
What is the inheritance pattern of osteogenesis imperfecta?
AD
What is the defect in osteogenesis imperfecta?
The synthesis of type I collagen.
What is the difference between type I and type II osteogenesis imperfecta?
Type II is fatal in utero or perinatal period. Type I is normal lifespan with increased fractures.
What is mucopolysaccharidoses?
Lysosomal storage disease that involves a defect in folding and degradation of hyaline cartilage.
"chalkstick" fractures
osteopetrosis OR paget disease
What causes postmenopausal osteoporosis?
Increased production of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF secondary to decreased estrogen, increasing bone absorption.
Diagnosis of secondary osteoporosis.
dual energy absorptiometry (DEXA) and quantitative CT; Calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphate are NOT diagnostic!
Lab for secondary osteoporosis.
Urinary hydroxypyridium, N-telopeptides.
“Collage of matrix madness”.
Paget Disease
Pagets Disease results in a gain or loss of bone mass?
Results in a gain of bone mass
Lab for Pagets disease.
Elevated serum alkaline phosphatase and urinary hydroxyproline
What is rickets and osteomalacia and what is the difference between the two?
Defect in matrix mineralization related to a lack of vitamin D. Osteomalacia - adults
Rickets - children
generalized osteitis fibrosa cystica also known as _________.
(von Recklinghausen disease of bone).
Characteristics of Hyperparathyroidism
recurrent kindney stones, peptic ulcers (groans), and psychiatric moans
stones, groans, & moans
What is osteonecrosis?
Infarction of bone and marrow resulting from ischemia.
Osteochondritis Dissecans primarily affects _____?
males in their teens and twenties.
It is subchondral osteonecrosis involving the medial femoral condyle of the knee.
What is Legg-Calve-Perthes disease?
Episodes of infarction with necrosis of the epiphysis affecting children (overweight) with males 4X more common.
Most common organism responsible for acute pyogenic osteomyelitis.
Staph Aureus
Most common organism responsible for acute pyogenic psteomyeltis in patients with sickle cell disease.
Salmonella.
What is the sequestrum and involucrum?
sequestrum = dead bone
involucrum = sleeve of new bone
What is Potts Disease?
Extrapulmonary tuberculosus that affects the spine.
Multiple osteomas occur in ________ syndrome.
Gardner
Osteoid osteoma
Osteoblastoma differences
osteoid osteoma pain relieved by aspirin osteoblastoma pain not relieved by aspirin.
osteosarcoma is associated with __________ disease and mutations in ________ gene
Paget's disease
RB gene
An xray of an osteosarcoma would show.
Codmans triangle
multiple chondromas:
multiple chondromas with hemangiomas and risk of malignancy:
multiple chondromas: ollier disease
multiple chondromas with hemangiomas and risk of malignancy: Mafucci syndrome
Characteristics of chondroblastoma.
Clinical: young patient with painful mass in the epiphyses near the knee, and joint effusion.
X-ray: Well-defined geographic lucency with calcifications.
Chondromyxoid fibroma characteristics.
Clinical: Rare, dull, achy tumor arising in the metaphysis of long tubular bones.
X-ray: Geographic lucency with rim of sclerotic bone.
Herringbone or storiform pattern of malignant fibroblasts.
Fibrosarcoma
Ewing Sarcoma microscopy and associated genetics.
Homer Wright rosettes
t(11;22)