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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what do diuretics cause?
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decrease in blood volume, decrease in CO, decrease in MAP but chronic uses can result in increase in renin release-this also goes for the vasodilators.
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what do beta blockers do?
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they cause decrease in HR, decrease in stroke volume, and decrease in CO but chronic uses will result in no change in CO
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What do Alpha antagonist cause?
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They cause postural hypotension
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what are the MOA for alpha antagonists?
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decrease in MA, decrease in CO, decrease in venous return, decrease in TPR will trigger inrease in HR and TPR
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what makes up the combined antagonists
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labetolol and carvedilol
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what is one important fact about carvedilol
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it has significant anti-oxidant properties
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what are main facts about alpha 2 agonists
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it couples to GI and decrease in camp, inhibit Calcium influx, decrease in CO and arterial resistance, retention of NA and water
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What do Imidazolidines do?
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They produce sedation to some degree which can lead to withdrawal syndrome with BP rising above
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What is agmatine
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endogenous substance for alpha 1 and alpha 2 rcs. alpha 1 control BP
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what is rilmanidine
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preferential for alpha 1 versus alpha 2
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What is imidozolidines tx
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opiate withdrawal and as an adjunct pre-op to increase sedation
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What do Guanadrel and Guanethidine do?
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They do not enter the CNS, enters the sympathetic nerves by neuronal uptake. , decrease in CO/TPR
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What does reserpine do
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sedation and depression
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What does arterial vasodilators and alpha 2 antagonist do
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cause fluid retention and SNS reflex tachycardia
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What has effects greater standing than supine and causes a decrease in venous return
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Mixed vasodilators and non-selective alpha antagonists
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What can cause pulmonary hypertension
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Arterial vasodilators
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What happens when you have a left ventricular compromised?
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decreased arterial resistance, heart is not pumping enough blood to the tissues, as a result going to increase cO b/c of decrease in arterial resistance.
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What does Hydralazine cause
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release of NO from endothelial cells, dilates the arterioles-produces less postural hypotension,causes membrane hyperpolarization, decreasing Calcium entry.
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What does hydralazine do
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aggravate MI, causes headache, drug-induced lupus-like syndrome
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What produces arterial/venous dilation
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sodium nitroprusside
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What does sodium nitroprusside do
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causes toxicity with long term adminsitration which can lead to cyanide toxicity, hypertensive emergencies.
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What does Fenoldopam do
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tx of hypertensive crisis
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What do Calcium channel blocker do
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cause an increase in venous return, decreased arterial resistance
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What do Dihydropuridines do
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more vasc selective, prone to produce reflex tachycardia, two forms QR and SR
SR causes a decrease in HR/force-less risk, while QR causes reflex tachycardia. |
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What does verapamil do
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causes a negative inotropic/chronotropic effects and ppt failure in pts with left ventricular dysfunction
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What do ACE inhibitors do
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causes a decrease in arteriolar resistance and increase in NA/water excretion, reduces sympathetic outflow..
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what are the toxicities involved with ACE inhibitors
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Angioneurotic edema
Hyperkalemia acute renal flow |
