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355 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
A 200 lb firefighter jumping 3 feet to an aerial can cause an impact load of _______ lbs.
700 lbs
What is the most common cause of brake malfunction?
Buildup of condensation in the air reservoirs supplying the braking system.
The impeller hub must fit in the pump casing within a tolerance of ______.
0.01" or less
PTO pumps normally have a capacity of ________ GPM.
500 GPM
What is the best method to ensure that nozzle pressures are correct when automatic nozzles are used in multiple hoseline standpipe operations?
Communication
Ordinarily the relay should maintain a constant pressure of _____.
175 PSI
This is a small, quick attack pumper. 500 GPM or less pump.
Minipumper
In this operation one strong hydrant may be used to supply two pumpers.
Dual Pumping
Advantages of dual pumping (2)
Better use of available water.
Shorter hose lays (if hydrant is close to fire).
In this operation the the pumper directly attaches to the hydrant and pumps water out of discharge to attack pumper. A short relay.
Tandem Pumping
Dependable Lift

D/O pg. 379
The height in which water may be lifted in sufficient quantity to provide a reliable fire flow.

A pump in good repair has a dependable lift of at least 14.7 feet.
4th Principle of Friction Loss.
For a given flow, F.L. is the same regardless of the pressure on the water.
Formula for determining the nozzle reaction in a fog nozzle.
NR=0.0505 X Q X √NP.

Q= GPM, not GMP divided by 100
Hydrant worksheet
A field aid to help ops people track and control inspections, Maintenance, and flow information for computer data entry.
Formula for calculating head pressure (for test):
.5 X height in feet
Yellow striped hydrant pressure?
125 - 175 on circular feed.
L.C.E.S.
Lookouts
Communication
Escape Routes
Safety Zones
Should aerial tips be unsupported or supported?
Unsupported
When looking at a scribe mark while testing hose, how do you determine if the hose needs to be replaced?
If the mark on the hose next to the coupling moves more than 3/8 of an inch stop the test and replace the hose.
Two types of relay pumping operations.
1) Maximum distance
2) Constant pressure

IFSTA D/O pg. 401
What is the purpose of the priming pump?
Creates a low pressure in the pump and intake hose than exists in the atmosphere allowing water to flow into the pump making drafting possible.
Major consideration for spotting apparatus for pumping to the FDC. (SOP)
Safety of the driver/operator
Friction loss to the attack lines
NFPA Hose standard 1962
States are required information to be recorded and stored for hose.
The three forms used in conjunction with the hydrant program are:
#1 - for maintaining a permeant inspection record (computer form)

#2 For requesting Maintenance or reporting problems with hydrants that have already been accepted.

#3 Hydrant acceptance form
Free Play
Distance clutch pedal must be pushed before the throwout bearing actually contacts the clutch release fingers.
Aerials may be operated at a maximum longitudinal grade of:

Aerial Apparatus 1st pg. 148
6% - 14%
Maximum stability occurs when the angle of the tractor is _____degrees from the centerline of the trailer and the aerial is operated towards the _____ of the angle.

Aerial Apparatus 1st pg. 152
60 degree - outside. Never more than 90 degrees
At what engine rpm may the apparatus override the parking brake?
As low as 1300 RPM
If a 2 1/2 or 3 inch hose is supplying a pumper off of a hydrant it should be no longer that _____ feet.
300 feet
NFPA 1901 requires tenders to discharge at least 90% of tank volume at an average rate of _____.
1000 gpm
What is the basic goal of a multi-tank operation?
To keep the last tank in the in the chain full at all times.
What size tanks do the most efficient tenders for water shuttles have?
2,500 gallons
When discharges are shut off, the energy supplied to the impeller is dissipated in the form of _____.

IFSTA p 278
Heat
Why is the pump intake below the impeller?
So that any air pockets form at the top of the pump and not in the suction line.
One 1000 GPM pumper should supply the FDC for every _____ sprinklers that are flowing.

D/O 2nd pg. 348
50
How is the working height of an aerial device measured?

Aerial Apparatus 1st pg. 8
From the ground to the highest rung when the ladder is fully elevated and extended.
What is the minimum rating for the tip load of an aerial ladder?
250 lbs.
What is Maximum Daily Consumption for a water system?
Maximum total amount of water that was used during any 24 hour interval within a 3 year period.
Normal Operating Pressure means:
Pressure found in a distribution system during normal consumption demands.
Relay Pumping
Using 2 or more pumpers to overcome pressure loss due to distance, elevation, and hose restrictions. Maximum capacity of operation determined by smallest capacity pumper @ 150 PSI.
Three types of water systems
Direct Pumping, Gravity, Combination
Name for the amount of water or air moved by a stroke of a pump.
Displacement
What is the minimum staging distance from a bomb incident?
300 feet

BFD SOP
Water distribution valves should be operated how many times a year?
Once
Formula to determine back pressure?
Back pressure % = (NP+FL+EP) / Inlet pressure
NFPA 1901 Requires the parking brake to hold the apparatus in place on grades up to _____%?
20%
Air pressure protection valves prevent the air horn from operating when air pressure drop below _____ PSI.
80 PSI
Should wheels on a parked brush rig be chalked at a fire?
Yes, especially rigs with hydraulic brakes.
1 foot of lift equals how many inches of Hg?
.885" Hg.
NFPA requires what characteristics of the Pressure regulating system in the fire pump?
Must operate within 3-10 seconds and must not allow pressure to rise more than 30 psi.
At what speed can a fire apparatus outrun the effective range of its audible warning devices?
50 MPH
What is the recommended idle period before shutting down a hot engine?
3-5 minutes
At a speed of 60 MPH the siren is only audible _____ feet or less in front of the vehicle.
12 feet or less
3 exceptions to the seated and belted requirements for passengers on an apparatus:
When providing patient care in the back of an ambulance.
When loading hose.
When training new tiller drivers.
When should you switch from volume to pressure when operating a fire pumper?
When you exceeded 175 PDP with flows less than 1000 GPM.
What are the three situations where you would pump in pressure mode?
Pumping to grass lines
Foam educator operations
Exceptionally long hand lines
What is the maximum pressure at which one would switch the pump transfer valve?

D/O p. 275
50 PSI
(8) ongoing pumping operations

Info Guide: Pump Ops Standards 1/11
1.monitor apparatus for problems
2.monitor water supply
3.refill tank
4.get baseline on guages, compare to cab
5.monitor pump for heat
6.re-evaluate PDP
7.track inventory
8.consider additional needs for scene safety (flares, cones, pd)
According to BFD SOPs when should inventory be performed on on a fire apparatus?
1) Every Thursday
2) After a major incident
3) After it has been in for repairs
4) Whenever necessary to assure the proper complement of equipment.
Where are heat sensor labels located on on ladders?
One label on inside tip of each beam on each fly.
Brush rigs should not be operated forwards on slopes exceeding _____% or sideways on slopes exceeding _____% grade.
40% forward and 20% sideways.
When should ground ladders be serviced?

352.30 6/98
First Tuesday of each month, clean and inspection.

Note - steam clean at St #7 or Maintenance
What is the minimum dip tank depth for bucket operations?
2 feet
What is the maximum flame length height for direct attack?
4 feet
ARFF - Signal to open or close handline?
Tap hand firmly on the desired nozzle barrel.
What is the distance between fire hydrants in residential and commercial?
500 feet for residential and 300 feet for commercial.
Smoothbore handlines tip sizes and flow:
15/16" - 185 GPM
1" - 200 GPM
1 1/8" - 250 GPM
1 1/4" - 300 GPM
Master stream smoothbore tips sizes and flow:
1 3/8 - 500 GPM
1 1/2 - 600 GPM
1 3/4 - 800 GPM
2" - 1000 GPM
2 1/4" - 1300 GPM
2 1/2" - 1600 GPM
How many inches of Hg is the required vacuum for a primer?
22" of Hg
Formula for determining friction loss:
FL= C x Q² x L
C - Coefficient
Q - Flow in GPM/100
L - Hose Length
Quantity of heat absorbed by a substance when it is changed from a liquid to a vapor? 1 lb of water requires 970 btu
Latent Heat of Vaporization
Formula for calculation nozzle reaction for fog nozzles?
Nozzle Reaction = 0.0505 x Q x √NP

Q = Flow through nozzle in GPM
NP = Nozzle pressure in PSI
Condensed Q formula for 5"
FL = Q²/15
(per 100 feet of hose)
Residual Pressure
Pressure left in a distribution system after flows have been established, it is also the pressure left on a pump's intake gauge after it has started to flow water.

D/O 2nd pg. 146, 332
What is the rated capacity of a fire pump at 150, 200, and 250 PSI?
100% @ 150 PSI
70% @ 200 PSI
50% @ 250 PSI
1st principle of Friction Loss
FL varies directly with the length of hose or pipe.
2nd principle of friction loss
FL varies with the square of the increase in the velocity of flow.
Recommended engine speed (RPM) for operation the primer
1,000 - 1,200
Activate at idle then increase RPM
PRV settings for portable hydrants and pump intakes
Portable hydrant - 180 PSI
Pump intake - 100 PSI
Friction loss coefficients (1", 1 3/4", 2 1/2", 5")
1" - 150
1 3/4" - 15.5
2 1/2" - 2
5" - .08
5 situations where the posted speed limit may not be exceeded:
1.intersections
2.opposing
3.school zones
4.65mph zone
5.driving water tender
What is the minimum water that should be left in the tank for crew protection for wild land operations?
100 Gallons
3rd principle of friction loss
Friction loss varies inversely as the fifth power of the diameter of the hose.
On vehicle fires what is the minimum distance from the vehicle to position the apparatus?
100 feet from burning car
Where should hydrant markers be placed on hydrants located mid block?
6" off center line in front of hydrant
How should a hydrant within 100 feet of an intersections be marked?
Off both lanes of traffic.
What do the colors light blue and yellow indicate on United Water hydrants?
Light Blue - Can be used by private contractors
Yellow - High pressure
You should position the apparatus how far from a trench incident?

SOP 214.09 6/10
100'
What are the red zone and yellow zone at trench rescue? (distances and who can access)

SOP 214.09 6/10
50' rescuers only
100' support personnel
Vibrations should be eliminated how far away from a trench incident?

SOP 214.09 6/10
500' - Shut off heavy equipment except dewatering ops
How does centrifugal pump create pressure?
The velocity created by spinning disk is converted to pressure by confining the water within the container.
Items to accomplish when returning an apparatus.

BFD SOP 352.20 12/07
fuel
wash
inventory
FS-18 to BC from returning Capt.
What are the three ways to increase a centrifugal pump's discharge pressure?
Increase the speed of the pump
Increase the pressure of water being taken in
Decrease amount of water being discharged

change transfer valve to Pressure (series instead of parallel)
What does electronic governor do?
1. When operating above 50 PSI it maintains pressure
2. When PDP drops below 50 it returns engine to idle.
3. Cavitation protection that returns the engine to idle when intake drops below 30.
How far should should the tip of the aerial extend past the roof edge for rescue?
6 feet
What is odd about a Darley pump when being backflushed?
Darley pumps have an additional clapper valve in the discharge manifold.
Air brake pressure must build to a sufficient air pressure within _____ seconds of start up.
60 Seconds
What do you set your intake relief pressure at when relay pumping?
10 PSI above static pressure if you are the first pump, for pumps further down the line set it at 10 PSI above discharge pressure of the pump supplying you.
Back pressure on in line foam eductors may not exceed:
65% - 70% Supply 200 to intake of eductor, make sure you don't have more than 140 on discharge side.
Recommended sizes for hydrant supply mains (residential, commercial, principle streets)
Residential: 6"
Commercial: 8"
Principle Streets: 12"
What is the maximum hose lengths for hose testing?
300 feet
What is the formula for determining elevation pressure?
EP = 0.5 X height
(height in feet)
What is the minimum distance between 2 fire apparatus responding code 3?
300 - 500 feet
What is the minimum distance to keep aerials away from overhead power lines?
10 feet
4 Functions of an Engine Company

SOP 202.01 6/97
1) Search, rescue, and treatment
2) Place and pump hoselines
3) Operate nozzles
4) Hazardous materials mitigation
10 Functions of a Ladder Company

SOP 202.01 6/97
1) Search, Rescue, Extrication, and Treatment
2) Force entry and access
3) Ladders
4) Ventilate
5) Extension
6) Utilities
7) Lightning
8) Elevated streams
9) Salvage and Overhaul
10) Technical rescues - Trench, High Angle, Confined Space
3 Functions of a Squad/Brush company:

202.01 6/97
1) Search, Rescue, Treatment
2) Place and pump hoselines and operate nozzles
3) Ground cover fire attack
What is the maximum speed to drive an apparatus equipped with chains?
Onspots is 25, regular chains, not sure.

Kuehn told me 35 for onspots
The rated capacity of a engine is determined at draft with _____ feet of hard suction and _____feet of lift.
20' hard suction
10' of lift
The pump impeller runs how many times as fast as the engine?
2X as fast
What are the two common types of primer pumps?
Rotary Gear and Rotary Vane
You must have a spotter on the ground while backing except in these 3 situations:
Immediate danger to life and health
Tillered vehicles
Command and staff vehicles
Maximum speed limit a water tender may travel responding to an emergency.
Posted speed limit only
When approaching a school bus that has activated its warning lights or when approaching a police officer directing your vehicle to stop you should:
Stop, turn off audible devices, and wait for a signal to proceed.
When passing another emergency vehicle a BFD driver shall:
Communicate with other vehicle by radio
What is the friction loss for 100 feet of 5" flowing 500, 1000, and 1500 GPM?
500 - 2 psi/100
1000 - 8 psi/100
1500 - 18 psi/100
What is Dual Pumping?
2 pumpers connected intake to intake making use of a hydrant with large amounts of available water.
What are the three wildland fire control strategies?
Direct Attack
Indirect Attack
Combination Attack
What are the Boise Airport runway numbers?
28L 28R 10L 10R

(compass headings divided by 100, runways are basically east/west with a slight tilt)
What is the aerial apparatus outside/inside rule?
Building over 5 stories high, truck parks inside engine. Less than 5 stories, truck parks outside of engine.
What is flow pressure?
Forward velocity pressure of a fluid near a discharge opening.
What is net pump discharge pressure?
The actual amount of work the fire pump must do to produce a fire stream. (discharge pressure - intake pressure = NPDP
What is maximum theoretical lift?
The height water can be lifted in a true vacuum, 33.8 feet.

D/O p.378
Flashing green lights generally indicate:
Command vehicles
The top of an inversion is referred to as the:

not on test, wrong chapter in wildland
Thermal Belt
Capacity of a portable generator?
5,000 watts
Capacity of a generator on a rescue vehicle?
50,000 watts
What is the pressure needed to supply a portable hydrant? Pressure or volume?
150 PSI in volume (same as sprinkler FDC)
Rate at which water adds weight to a structure:
One ton per minute for every 250 GPM.
What distance should vehicle be from a dip tank?
50 feet
What is the safe way to approach a helicopter?
From the front or side in full view of the pilot. (downhill side after being motioned by pilot nice)
When is dedicated RIT needed?
When more than 1 team is in an IDLH.
How many firefighters are required for dedicated RIT?
3 or more
The hose assignment record must be updated in Firehouse by the captain, or station coordinator in what 4 situations?
1. When hose transferred from a station or apparatus causes the inventory and hose assignment record to be inaccurate.
2. New hose is added to the inventory.
3. Hose is deleted from the inventory.
4. Hose is removed from service and turned in for repair.
During what time of day is fire most erratic and intense?

not on test, wrong chapter in wildland
From 10 AM - 6 PM

not on test, wrong chapter in wildland
At what position from horizontal does max loading occur on an unsupported aerial?

Aerial Apparatus 1st pg. 116
Between 70 and 80 degrees
What is the speed range of the impellers in a centrifugal pump?
2,000 - 4,000 RPM
What pressure is pump piping hydrostatically tested to?
500 PSI
Most hydraulic pumps cannot deliver full power to tools when hoses exceed _____ feet in length?
100 feet
How much should aerial roof ladders be raised for roof operations?

Aerial Apparatus 1st pg. 108
6' above roof line for sticks
bottom of bucket even with roof line for buckets.
What is the PDP to sprinkler systems? Volume or Pressure?
150 PSI in volume unless indicated otherwise
Purpose of packing rings:
Maintain semi-tight seal at the point where the shaft passes through the pump casing

necessary for drafting operations.
How should a relay pumper be set up while waiting for water?
Pump not engaged, supply intake open, random discharge open, main discharge to next pumper connected but not open. When water only comes out of random discharge, close it, open main supply discharge, and engage pump.
If flow through an FDC exceeds 350 GPM add _____ PSI of friction loss.
10 PSI
% of FF injuries and deaths caused by collisions while responding to and from calls:
15-20%; about 25 deaths per year
Areas that first become slippery on roads?
Bridges
Northern slopes
Shaded spots
Locations with blowing snow
Interaxel differential lock allows for what?
Difference in speed between tandem real axels while providing pulling power from each axel.
What speed should engines be set to idle at for extended periods of time?
900 - 1,100 RPM
What is the main reason for failure to get a draft?
Air leaks caused by open drains and valves.
When drafting, lift is described as:
Difference in elevation between static water source and center of pump.
The lowest capacity of an aerial platform is:

Aerial Apparatus 1st pg. 12
750 lbs.
(500 if flowing water)
Atmospheric pressure decreases _____ PSI per 1000 feet of elevation.
.5 PSI / 1000'
What are the 3 basic fire ground applications for water tenders?
Water shuttle
Nurse operation
Fire attack, exposure protection
Priorities of victim removal:

Aerial Apparatus 1st pg. 188
1) Most severely threatened
2) Large groups of people
3) Remainder of people in fire area
4) People in exposed areas
Primary RIT tools are (4):

SOP 204.08 8/2000
Lights
RIT Kit
Forceable Entry Tools
Search Lines

Also nice: hose lines, saws, hydraulic tools, and ladders.
When does an open mic deactivate?
After one minute followed by a tone.
Multiple spot fires becoming one large fire is know as:

not on test, wrong chapter in wildland
Area Ignition
Three primary methods of getting water out of a water tender are:
Gravity dump
Pumping
Jet assisted dump
When a BFD vehicle is involved in a collision who will the employee notify?
Request dispatch to notify B.C. and either the DC of Ops or the DC of logistics.
When will BFD maintenance assign a new log number to cut hose?
If a 50 foot length is cut below 43 feet or a 100 foot section is cut below 85 feet.
What is the minimum number of hoses and size that will be used to supply the FDC (standpipe/sprinklers)?
Minimum of 2 high pressure 2 1/2 inch lines
Principles of pressure:
1) Pressure is perpindicular to an surface on which it acts
2) Any fluid at rest exerts the same pressure in all directions
3) Pressure applied to fluid from an outside source is transmitted in all directions
4) Pressure of liquid is proportional to depth
5) Pressure is proportional to density
6) Pressure on the bottom of a container is independent of the shape of the container
Apply Class A foam to structures ___ minutes before fire arrival.
15
Wet line width in wildland/urban interface
2 1/2 X expected flame height
penetrate mineral soil
Hose placement for structural protection on a wildland fire (3):
-one hose around each side of building
-all hoses off one side of engine
-routed around back of engine, not in front
OK to pretreat roofs with water during structure protection before arrival of fire?
No, wastes water. Foam application 15 minutes prior OK
What hose should be available for apparatus protection during a wild land fire?
A short length of charged hose on top of hose bed or secured to side/rear
What are the BFD hose test pressures for: 1 3/4, 2 1/2...1" grass line...5" and High Pressure 5"?
1 3/4 and 2 1/2 - 400 PSI
1" Grass line - 300 PSI
5" - 200 PSI
High Pressure 5" - 300 PSI
Level II Staging
3 points
1.Used when many units dispatched
2. Designated area
3. Units dispatched to staging, not incident
What is a wear ring on a pump?
(also Clearance rings) in the pump casing maintain the desired spacing between hub of impeller and casing
pressure of aerial app. hydraulic lines
3500+psi
3 ways foam extinguishes and/or prevents fire
1. separating: barrier b/w fuel and fire
2. cooling
3. suppressing: prevents release of flammable vapors
Criteria for spotting aerial apparatus if not needed for access or rescue:

SOP 206.03 6/97
Spot for aerial master stream (should fire go defensive)

1. location of fire
2. potential spread
3. collapse zones
4. overhead obstructions
5. power lines

Avoid repositioning
Pyrolysis definition
chemical change by heat
Staged pumping definition
First pump takes water from source and pumps it through a distance of hose into a PORTABLE water tank
Parallel pumping (2 engines supply 1 line side by side)
(3 points)
1. used when single pump unable to supply adequate VOLUME
2. water pumped to siamese by two side by side pumps
3. used for filling water tenders
8 steps to ladder inspections
1.heat sensor label: exp. date
2.rungs for tightness
3.bolts/rivets for tightness
4.welds for cracks/defects
5.beams and rungs for: cracks, splinters,breaks, gouges, waviness, deformation
6.butt spurs for excessive wear
7.halyard for tightness, fraying, defects
8.safety labels and length indicators for darkness
5 basic causes of fire app. collisions:

D/O 2nd pg. 61
1.improper backing
2.reckless driving by public
3.excessive speed by operator
4.lack of skill and experience
5.poor app. design or maintenance
For each foot of lift, how much should the master intake gauge register as air is evacuated from pump?
1" of Hg for every 1' of lift
What type of strainer is best when drafting from pool or portable tank?
low level, effective to 2"
What are 4 items that retard the flow of water while drafting?
1.weight of water
2.hose, strainer, appliances
3.inertia of water
4.lift height
1 gallon of water can absorb how much heat?
to convert to steam:
970 BTU

(152+970)x8.33lbs/gallon = 9346 BTU

IFTSA p.137
Definition of peak hourly consumption
-max amount of water used in any 1 hour interval over the course of a day

Generally 2 - 4 times the normal hourly rate
What is the pump's rated capacity at a draft of 10' and 20'?
10' = 100%
20' = 60%
What are the 3 aerial blitz attack guidelines?
1.nozzle placed even with bottom of window
2.stream enters at 30deg and reflects off ceiling
3.only used until fire blackened to avoid water damage
When must an inventory transfer form and hose assignment be completed?

BFD Procedure 353.25
1. Hose transfered from a station or app.
2. new hose added
3. hose deleted
definition of blowup
-sudden increase in fire intensity or acceleration sufficient to call for direct attack
-wildland equivalent of flashover
5 factors in determining fireline width
1.fuel
2.scope
3.weather
4.part of fire
5.fire intensity
(2) NFPA 1906 requirements for wildland pumpers (relating to clearance)
1. 20deg minimum angle of departure and approach
2. 10deg minimum angle for breakover
Burn Index definition
?
What are the three types of water tender types by pump size and water capacity according to ICS?
Type 1: 300gpm/5000gallon
Type 2: 200gpm/2500gallon
Type 3: 200gpm/1000gallon
Characteristics of gravity (Foehn) winds

not on test, wrong chapter in wildland
downslope
strong
hot
dry
persistent
unfavorable for FF
What are the 3 environmental conditions that can cause wild land fires to double?
1.every 20% slope increase
2.every 10mph wind increase above 10mph
3.as fire moves from heavier to lighter fuels
What is the purpose of standard company operations?

SOP 202.01
To provide for rapid, safe, and efficient completion of assignments and tasks.
5 goals of IC at all wildland incidents

SOP 210.01 5/97
1.prevent loss of life
2.prevent ignition of structures
3.prevent encroachment of fire on community
4.prevent structural conflagration
5.limit size and protect natural environment
6 considerations for HELO diptank ops

SOP 210.03 8/98
Very Little Changes At Pie Hole
1.vehicles 50-100' away
2.lines charged near tank
3.congregate personnel in one area
4.approach HELO with permision of pilot
5.public 300' away
6.hearing and eye protection
When to complete an APDR-1

BFD Procedure 352.33
within 72hrs of BFD equipment being damaged, lost or stolen
Considerations for placing ladders

SOP 202.2 6/97
1.Safety
2.Intended use
3.Climbing ease
4.Ladder co. officer
5.provide at least 2 escape routes
5 factors of Wildland/Urban interface high hazard zones

SOP 210.01

To Find Value Dump Assumptions
1.topography
2.fuel loads
3.values at risk
4.defensible space
5.access
4 ladder company ventilation options

SOP 202.2
1.horizontal
2.vertical
3.forced air
4.HVAC
preventive maintenance includes:

BFD policy 352.32 8/93
1.tightening loose nuts, bolts, screws
2.changing burned out bulbs (other than emergency lights)
3.waxing semi-annually
When setting up an aerial for rescue, what is the main objective of the placement?
To reach as many victims or points of egress as possible with minimum number of movements
Landing zone safety circle requirements

HELO SOP
1.100' diameter circle and width of approach/departure paths
2.300' clear of trees and hills
3.approach/departure paths clear of powerlines/houses for 400'
4.no obstacles higher than 2' in circle
5.max of 10deg slope
NFPA 414 (3) classifications of ARFF apparatus
1. Major FF vehicles
2. Rapid intervention vehicles
3. combined agent vehicles
White arrows

ARFF
-point at displaced threshold line
-preceeding paved area can be used for taxi, takeoff, rollout
What are the purpose of ground mounted green lights at the airport?
Identifies approach end of runway.
Red lights are found where at the airport?

ARFF 4th pg. 20
Used to mark obstructions like structures, parked aircraft, construction areas.
Marks the departure end of runway
On runway centerline they alternate red/white last 3000', all red last 1000'
Yellow/amber lights ARFF

ARFF 4th pg. 20
Used to identify location of hold bars,only cross with permission from tower.
Runway edge lights for the last 2000 feet on departure edge of runway.
ARFF signal for running out of agent
flash headlights and sound siren
light gun signals ARFF
steady green: proceed
steady red: stop
flashing red: clear taxi/runway
flashing white: return to starting point
alternating red/green: extreme caution
Yellow chevrons on airport grounds indicate what type of area?

ARFF 4th pg. 21
Area not suitable for aircraft operations
The airport uses white, red, and yellow paint as indicators on the pavement. What do these colors represent?

IFTSA ARFF p. 20
White: runway identification numbers/letters, landing zone bars, striping

Red: restricted areas (fire lanes, no entry) permission required to cross

Yellow: hold bars, taxiways, areas critical for instrument landing systems, non-load-bearing areas
Hold position markings ARFF
Four yellow lines, two solid, two dashed
required to stop when approaching from solid side
5 wildland fuel types

Not on test
1.grass
2.brush
3.tree
4.slash
5.litter
slowly open all valves between __ and __ seconds

Training guide 1.1
3 and 10
Correction of lateral uneveness can be achieved on grades of up to___

(aerial)
5 or 6%

Aerial Apparatus 1st pg. 147
What is the function of the lantern ring?

D/O pg. 278
Provides cooling and lubrication in a packing ring
Hydrant class, color codes and capacities
AA - light blue - 1500+gpm
A - green - 1000-1499
B - orange - 500-999
C - red - <500
Maximum tank capacity for single axle vehicle
1500 gallons
Midipumper characteristics
-build on 12000 GVW chasis
-good for nuisance/small grass/trash fires
-usually 1000 gpm
What is the function of a DC inverter? Capacity? Normally supplies what?
-step up transformer, converts 12/24V DC into 110/220 AC
-capacity of 1500W
-mostly used for mounted flood lights
Assignments for 1st alarm units to a high rise:

High Rise SOP 206.10 9/09
1st Engine - Panel, announce location of problem, proceed to affected area and form fire attack group with 2nd engine and 1st truck.

3rd Engine: water supply, lobby

4th engine and 2nd truck: stage and await assignment from command
Things to look for in hydrant placement and clearance
1.facing right direction
2.flange 2-8" above grade
3.obstructions
4.inaccessible location
5.hidden location
6.within 10' of curb
7.minimum 3' clearance around
Problem solve for no vacuum while drafting

PRICIER POET
1. check valves and caps
2. tighten suction hose connections (both ends)
3. prime for 30 sec
4. if packing too loose, out of service
5. partially fill tank
6. ensure rpms 1000 - 1200
7. replenish priming oil
8. open valves slowly
9. increase discharge pressure to 75 psi before opening
10. eliminate high spots in hose
11. remove kinks
While drafting your intake indicates >22" Hg. What can you do or check to solve/identify this problem?
1. Decrease lift
2. Decrease GPM
3. Check strainers (at source and at pump) of any debris
4. Check hose liner for separation
7 causes of friction loss in hose:
1. lining in hose
2.couplings
3.bad gaskets/improper size
4.sharp bends/kinks
5.laminar flow/critical velocity
6.change in hose size by adapters
7.movement of water molecules against each other
Order for Left-Right-Front side inspection:
1. doors
2. fuel tanks (saddle type if present in front)
3. wheel and tire
4. equipment in rear of cab
3 important water tender requirements:

Driver/Operator pg. 421
1. Tank-to-pump capable of 500gpm until tank is 80% empty, minimum pipe size 2"

2. at least 1 external fill connection plumbed directly into tank that fills at 1000gpm. has valve, strainer, 30deg elbow

3. Main dump capable of emptying 90% averaging 1000 gpm
Level I staging
-used on multi-company emergency responses. First arriving units of each type proceed directly to scene and the others stand by a block or two and await orders.
How to calculate PDP for two lines of unequal length supplying a monitor
-average two lengths
-use average as L in FL=CQ²L
When driving through smoke with limited visibility (4)
-intermittently sound horn/siren
-drive slowly
-use warning and headlights
-if spotter is required, keep in sight and direct radio communication
(2) times to use spotters when driving brush rigs
1.unburned fuels higher than bumper or running boards
2.night time
4 criteria for determining where to spot an apparatus:

206.03 6/97
1. S.O.P
2. Predetermined area (highrise sop)
3. Assignment from command
4. Decision by Captain
Definition of Direct Attack:

IFSTA Wildland 4th pg. 209
Fighting fire at its edge or closely parallel to it
Definition of Indirect Attack:

IFSTA Wildland 4th pg. 209
constructing a line some distance from the fire's edge and burning out the unburned intervening fuel
Direct attack characterisitics

IFSTA Wildland 4th pg. 211
-work permiter
-used on low intensity/light fuel fire
-used when high value resources threatened
-can be from inside or outside black in light fuels
-burn area minimized
indirect attack characteristics

IFSTA Wildland 4th pg. 213
-control line along natural firebreaks, from a distance
-intervening fuel burned out
-may be growing to point of needing extended resources
-use on crown fires, steep terrain
-can involve downhill line construction
When backing tiller, turning steering wheel counter clockwise turns rear end toward ____
captain's side
most common place for emergency vehicle accidents
intersections
two types of pumps used in pump and roll
Auxiliary and PTO
The 10 code to request PD code-3 is:
10-33
What equipment is taken into a high rise by the first 4 engine companies?

SOP 206.1 9/8/09
1st - 2X 50' 2 1/2 w/nozzle...2 SCBA bottles...standpipe kit

2nd - 2X 50' 2 1/2 w/nozzle...2 SCBA bottles...P-can

3rd - 4 SCBA bottles...RIT kit..TI...forceable entry tools...search lines

4th - Equipment per assignment...4 SCBA bottles
The only fluid not to be noted when added to a fire rig is:

BFD SOP 352.24 5/09
Water
Should monthly maintenance report forms ever be destroyed?

BFD 352.24 5/09
Yes, after one year.
When should ground ladders be waxed with automotive paste wax?

BFD 352.30 6/98
1st tuesday of February
ladder testing in August
APDR-1 means:

352.33 3/99
Accident Property Damage Report (Done within 72 hours of being in a wreck)
If in a vehicle accident you need to notify what 2 people:

352.33 3/99
1) B.C.
2) Either DC of opps. or DC of logistics
Who is authorized to take picture of an accident to document damage? (3)

352.33 3/99
BC, Boise Police, or Risk Manager
What can be determined by this hose number: BOI200408

353.25 10/09
BOI200408
BOI - Purchased by airport
2 - Size
004 - Lot number
08 - Year purchased

Size numbers:
0 - 1"
2 - 1 3/4"
3 - 2 1/2"
4 - 3"
5 - 5"
6 - 5" short (25-50 feet)
What is a standard hose compliment for a BFD engine?

353.35 10/09
1" - 300' on reel and up to 300' more in backpacks and rolls. 400' max in rolls if there is no 1" on reel.
1 3/4" - 2 preconnects, 2 100' bundles with wyes
2 1/2" - 1000' (700 static, 200 on blitz line, 2 - 50' bundles)
5" - 25' bumper, 25' rolled, 50' rolled, 1000 bed
At how many years old is fire hose considered expired and not to be tested?

353.25 10/09
10 Years (any time after 5 years if damaged it will not be repaired)
How are high pressure hydrants marked?
2" yellow reflective band labeled high pressure on the barrel. 100+ PSI
5 safety recommendations when working around traffic:

BFD training guide - roadways
NEWSR
1) Never trust the traffic
2) Engage in proper protective parking
3) Wear high visibility reflective vests
4) Set up advanced warning
5) Reduce motorists vision impairment
What should you do with emergency lighting during daytime operations on the roadway?

BFD training guide - roadways
Leave all emergency lighting on. (At night turn off headlights and only run yellow lights and emergency flashers.
How far away should cones be place in these speed zones: 25, 35, 45, 75 MPH?

BFD training guide - roadways
25 - 65 feet (ratio 2.6)
35 - 100 feet (ratio 2.85)
45 - 150 feet (ratio 3.33)
75 - 250 feet (ratio 3.33)
How far ahead of an accident should the "emergency scene ahead" sign be placed?

BFD training guide - roadways
1/4 mile before accident
When backflushing a Darley pump with a 2 1/2 you should connect the hydrant to ______.
Auxiliary suction.
In Boise there is only one true 00/00 street in Boise from which address start in the double digits. What street it it?
Alpine (railroad tracks) All other divider streets (Gekeler, Main, Chinden) start with 100 and go up.
When possible, angle engine _____ degrees from the curb to protect crews.

(BFD roadways training guide)
45 degrees from curb
The roadway safety checklist has 8 points to help you be as safe as possible in traffic. What are they?
1) Limit exposure
2) Limit on scene time
3) Provide advanced warning
4)Provide proper apparatus placement
5) Work on side away from traffic
6) Shut down roadway (coordinate with LE)
7) Scene lighting
8) Proper PPE including safety vests
Under what condition can your residual pressure drop below 20 PSI?

BFD Pump standards 1/11
Only with authorization from command.
If you are the driver being backed by a spotter you must do what 4 things?

BFD Information guide, Apparatus Backing
1) Follow spotter's signals explicitly
2) Do not move the vehicle unless signaled
3) Immediately stop if unsure of signal or loose site of spotter
4) Roll down window and remove earphones
By Idaho law, the driver of another vehicle must pull to which curb and stop?
The nearest edge or curb, either right or left side of road.
At the airport, what are the colors of the "mandatory instruction" and "runway hold position" signs?

ARFF 4th pg. 21
Red with white letters
What are the colors of location signs on the airport (identifying what taxiway you are on)?

ARFF 4th pg. 21
Black sign with yellow letters
At the airport, what is the color of the signs indicating:
Directions of taxiways leading out from an intersection
destinations
information

ARFF 4th pg. 21
Yellow signs with black letters
color of runway distance remaining signs


ARFF
black with white numbers
4 ignition sources for aircraft fueling
1. static
2. electromagnetic
3. lightning
4. open flame
circle and square pool capacity formulas
πr²(Depth)(7.5)=gallons

LWD(7.5)=gallons
At the airport, a continuous yellow centerline represents a _____?

ARFF 4th pg. 20
Taxiway (double line indicates edges of taxiway)
sign for a controlled access point
solid red hold line
red/white dash line
Atmospheric pressure in Boise is _____ PSI and _____" of Hg. (2842' elevation)
13.3 PSI atmospheric in Boise x 2.04" = 27.33" Hg

.5 psi/1000' reduction
location of:
1. critical rescue and fire fighting access area of a runway
2. Rapid Response Area

ARFF p.23
1.500' off center line
3300' off each end

2. 500' off center
1650' off each end
Hyrdrant Flow Formula with coefficients
gpm=29.83 x C x D² x √P

rounded, C=.90
squared, C=.80
prolapsed, C=.70
Where do you find ground mounted white lights at an airport? How far apart are they?

ARFF 4th pg. 19
Sides of runways, 200' apart
Centerlines of runways, 50' apart
Denotes vehicular traffic areas on ramps
What do blue lights outline at airport and how far apart are they?

ARFF 4th pg. 19
Sides of taxiways, 100' apart
8 reasons for bad foam

D/O 2nd pg. 477

CHAMP KEN
1. eductor not matched to nozzle flow
2. air leaks
3. clogged inductor
4. partially closed nozzle
5. hose lay too long
6. kinks
7. nozzle to high above inductor
8. mixed types of foam
1 psi = ___" Hg

D/O 2nd pg. 143
2.04"
2 types of auxiliary coolers:

D/O 2nd pg 308
1. marine: water cools the cooler, coils filled with pump water and cools radiator
2. immersion: engine coolant flows over coils filled with pump water. Looks like river hot tub, coolant flows around coil.
When testing the brakes on the rig, is it is moving 5 mph how many feet should be needed to stop? What about at 20 mph?

D/O 2nd pg. 45
5 mph = 20'
20 mph = 35'
max time to turnover starter
30 seconds with 60 second rest in between attempts
Engine compartment inspection
1.oil.....................................12.belts
2.air filter..............................13.leaks
3.emergency shutdown...........14.wiring
4.exhaust
5.antifreeze
6.cooling fan
7.battery condition
8.trans fluid
9.power steering fluid
10.brake fluid
11.air system
8 items to be considered in a ground ladder inspection:

352.20 6/98
Heat sensors
Rungs
Bolts/Rivets
Welds
Beams
Butt spurs
Rope
Labeling
If an issue with a vehicle arises in which continued use might cause further damage you should:
Take rig out of service
Notify Maintenance and BC
After hours, have dispatch page "on call" maintenance captain and tell him to contact affected officer.

If unsure if it is a big problem, just contact maintenance.
What stations have replacement hose in stock?
Stations 1, 6, and 7
What is the rule of thumb friction loss in 1 3/4 hose/100 feet for the following flows:
100
125
150
185
200
100 - 15
125 - 25
150 - 35
185 - 50
200 - 60
When connecting to a fire hydrant for water supply on a fire, notify dispatch of what 2, possibly 3 items?

BFD info guide 1/11
Unit designator
Location of the hydrant
If your hose lay is blocking an intersection
Four causes of no prime
1. priming fluid low
2. rpm's too low
3. lift too high
4. air in suction/pump
IFTSA recommends using a ____ to fill all tenders. Why?
Pumper because it cal fill more GPM's than hydrant pressure alone.
How many 1 1/2 " hoses would be needed to equal flow of (1) 3 " hose
4
IFTSA's rule for appliance friction loss
<350 gpm, no FL
>350 gpm, 10 for all appliances
Pressure correction formula (for determining NPDP from draft)
(lift + FL of intake hose)/2.3

FL of intake hose will be provided in charts
What is the first element need to learn how to drive safely?
Attitude
It takes how many more times distance to stop a vehicle in snow and ice vs dry concrete?
3 - 15 more times
5 conditions that prompt consideration of deploying larger lines

SOP208.04
1.larger volume of water needed
2.can't determine source
3.advanced fire conditions
4.large un-compartmented building
5.defensive mode
3 requirements of offensive hose placement


SOP208.04
1.position to assist rescue, support confinement, protect exposure
2.should achieve positive affect quickly
3.if not, re-evaluate selection/placement
All ____ will be withdrawn when elevated/master streams go into operation


SOP208.04
interior fire streams
Tool assignment for trucks on high rise

SOP206.10
1. two sets irons
2. two ceiling pulling tools
3. rabbit
4. (6) bottles, left on staging floor
5. TI's
6. search lines
7. high rise kit
Second due engine company considerations for apparatus placement (4)

SOP 206.03 6/97
1.water supply
2.Leave space for truck
3.check rear of large structures
4.pre-assignments per SOP
(4) driver considerations for apparatus placement (other than initial placement criteria) (PETA)

SOP 206.03 6/97
1. avoid parking under Power lines
2. avoid becoming Exposure
3. avoid becoming Trapped (ie. alley)
4. maintain Access lane
3 components of progress reports

SOP205.01
1.position
2.progress
3.needs
Communication failure procedure

SOP204.11
1.Everyone return to Ch.5
2.IC verifies contact with all on scene
3.IC assigns new channel
4.company officer verifies crew on right channel
4 bomb response actions of BFD

SOP204.09
1.prevent/control fire
2.search
3.extricate
4.provide tools/equipment
Secondary operations on scene (10)

Info Guide: Pump Ops Standards 1/11
1.backup line
2.RIT needs
3.addtional hand tools
4.supplement hose lays
5.ladders
6.horizontal vent
7.utilities
8.lighting
9.strobe at egress
10.floor dry/icy melt if ice
Changing conditions to monitor as driver (4)

Info Guide: Pump Ops Standards 1/11
1.fire or smoke intensifies
2.structural components involved
3.signs of collapse
4.communicate to command
Initial operations on scene (7)

Info Guide: Pump Ops Standards 1/11
1.mode of operation
2.PPE ready (SCBA on if rescue mode)
3.Attack line in place, charged, set
4.look for water supply
5.consider all water supply options (handjack, nurse)
6.communicate to incoming
7.monitor tank, "continuous water supply" once established
Once an engine reaches a structure to protect at a wild land incident what 7 things should be done for the engine to make sure it is safe and convenient to work from?

People Sometimes Pick Partners WIthout A Shot
1) Position off roadway to avoid blocking street
2) Scrape away fuel and avoid flammable vegetation
3) Park on Lee side
4) Park near, but not too close
5) Doors/windows closed
6) A/C = recirculation
7) Stay away from: Power lines, Trees, LPG, Structures
What characteristics of a hose layout affect friction loss?
1) Hose Length
2) Hose Diameter
3) Sharp bends
Doubling the speed of the pump results in what change in pressure?
Four times the pressure.
Front and rear intakes may not be desirable because for what reason?
Due to the number of bends and the length of pipe the may make it impossible for the pup to reach its rated capacity.
Removing all or most of the air from the pump thus lowering the atmospheric pressure in the pump is know as _____.
Priming
Where should discharge gauges be positioned?
On the outlet side of the discharge valve so that the pressure being reported is the pressure being applied to the hoseline.
To prevent a pump from overheating what are 4 options?

D/O
2nd pg. 332

FOTU
1) Flow through booster line in a safe direction.
2) Open a discharge drain
3) Partially open the tank fill
4) Use a bypass valve
When water is leaving the pump faster than it is coming in it is know as _____?

D/O 2nd pg. 337
Cavitation - no reaction in pressure gauge even as throttle is increased.
In order for a pump to to reach its rated capacity at draft it must have how many feet of water around its strainer?

D/O 2nd. pg. 338
2 feet in all directions.
Priming should take how long long lifting 10' using no more than 20 feet of hard suction? In large pumps over 1250 how long might it take?

D/O 2nd pg. 344
10 - 15 seconds
Up to 45 seconds for large pumps.

Max allowable primer operation:
<1250 = 30 seconds
>1250 = 45 seconds
To avoid a loss of prime when not discharging out of your main discharge, you should do what?

D/O 2nd. pg. 345
Open a small line and let it flow.
Half Reaction
One of the two parts; either the reduction or the oxidation
In a relay pumping operation, where should the largest capacity pumper be placed?

D/O 2nd pg.406
At the source.
When pumping in a relay, what should be done about small variations in pressure?

D/O 2nd pg. 408
Ignore them.
Where does one start the shutdown of a relay operation?

D/O 2nd pg. 408
Start at the fire and work back.
What is the minimum amount of water a vehicle can carry to be considered a tender?

D/O 2nd pg. 419
1,000 gallons
The device that introduces foam concentrate into the water stream to make foam solution is the _____.

D/O 2nd pg. 451
Foam proportioner.
How many gallons of water does a Boise Fire Pumper carry, a Whitley, A North Ada, a BFD tender?
500 gallons for BFD exception is old engine 12 - 750 gallons
750 for Whitney and North Ada pumps.
Tender is 3000 gallons.
When traveling at the airport, what information should you communicate with the tower?

211.02 1/08
Vehicle identification
Present location
Desired route
Intended destination

(repeat back to tower for confirmation)
At the airport, once having clearance from the tower, what lighting should you use on your rig?
Emergency warning lights as normal (if emergency)
Hazard/flashers if non-emergency
How to determine maximum distance a given flow can be pumped through given hose
1. determine max hose pressure (test - 50)
2. subtract 20psi residual from max pressure to get FL
3. use FL=CQ²L
L = FL/(CQ²)

Q is provided in these problems.
Elevated platforms that are 110 feet or less should be able to to raised to maximum extension and height and rotated 90 degrees in how many seconds?

Aerial Apparatus 1st pg. 12
150 seconds (no requirement on ladders over 110 feet.
What is an ammeter?
A gauge that indicates the amount of current being drawn from the battery to operate the electrical equipment or the amount of current being supplied to the battery to charge it
What directly affects the distance required to stop a vehicle?
Speed
What factors equal the total stopping distance?
Reaction time plus vehicle braking distance
Structural rigs are effective on wildland fires by being an anchor for:
Progressive hose lays
The four operational strategies of aerial apparatus are:

Aerial Apparatus 1st pg. 187
Rescue
Exposure Protection
Ventilation
Elevated Fire Attack
The rule of thumb for a quick ladder pipe is _____ degree elevation and _____% extension.

Aerial Apparatus 1st pg. 208
75 degree elevation
80% extension
Max wind speeds for full operation of aerials
35-40 mph
how to position turntable when aerial must operate off an incline (to reduce torsion/twisting)
downhill from point of operation
How far to keep apparatus away from (and above) railroad tracks when possible

AAp.123
25'
On tank fires, always position aerial outside of ____ ____.
dike walls
Which jacks are lowered first when aerial is positioned on uneven ground?
High side
aerial device should not be extended or retracted over the side of a vehicle when it is parked on a _________ grade, why?
Longitudinal, creates twisting force
How far above objective should aerial device be positioned to allow for settling from the weight of firefighters?
4-6"
7 signs of trouble aerial driver must be on lookout for
1. leaking fuel
2. leaking hydraulic fluid
3. leaking water from engine cooling system
4. leaking motor oil
5. overheating
6. unusual noises or vibrations
7. drifting of aerial device when raised
how should aerial be positioned in relation to victim to reduce twisting stress on device?
perpendicular
75-80-80 rule for elevated stream off of aerial
75deg elevation
80% extended length
80psi nozzle pressure
foam proportioning percentages for Class A and B
A: .1 - 1%
higher = thicker

B: 1 - 6%
4 methods of proportioning foam
1. induction
2. injection
3. batch mixing
4. premixing
shelf life of:
Class A
Class B protein
Class B synthetic
20yrs
10yrs
20-25yrs
4 foam application methods
Direct: application of Class A to burning material

Roll On: class B directed at ground near front edge of burning liquid

Bank Down: Class B banked off a vertical surface

Rain Down: Class B aimed above tank fire
When back flushing, what drain should never be opened under pressure?

BFD info guide, back flushing, 1/11
The master drain should never be opened under pressure. To flush the master drain open it, then open the discharge connected to the hydrant.
How long should each piece of the pump be flushed while back flushing?

BFD info guide, back flushing, 1/11
10-15 seconds
After flushing intakes, what should be checked?

BFD info guide, back flushing, 1/11
The intake strainers must be checked for condition and debris.
Why do you back flush the 2 1/2 blitz line but not the 1 3/4 pre-connect drains while back flushing a pump?

BFD info guide, back flushing, 1/11
Back flushing the pre-conect drains would require the removal of the pre-connects to prevent them from filling with water. The blitz line can simply be unscrewed from the discharge prior to back flushing.
Drains are located on which side of the control valves?

D/O 2nd pg. 291
Drains are located on the line side of the control valve.
2 Pumpers can be arranges in 3 different ways to supply water. What are they?
Dual
Tandem
Relay
What are the pressures and GPM for:
Piercing nozzle
Cellar nozzle
Foam Generator
Piercing nozzle - 100 psi, 150 gpm
Cellar nozzle - 50 psi 350 gpm
Foam Generator - 150 at inlet, 25 gpm