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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the two stages of the mechanical digestion of food?
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Teeth chew
Stomach grinds and liquifies |
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What are the stages of chemical digestion of food?
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Saliva: converts starch to sugar
Stomach: breaks down protein Small intestines: absorbs nutrients Large Intestine: absorbs water, eliminates waste |
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Describe the pathway that food travels
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Mouth
Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Large intestine rectum anus Lar |
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What is the esophagus?
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tube to stomach
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In the stomach, what happens that is mechanical digestion and what is chemical digestion?
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mechanical: grind the food
chemical: initial break down of protein |
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What does the small intestine do?
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absorb nutrients, they enter the villi and go into the capillaries
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What does the liver do?
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emulsify fat, produce bile
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What does the gall bladder do?
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store bile
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What does the pancreas do?
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digest fats, proteins and carbohydrates
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What does the large intestine do?
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absorb water, make vitamins through bacteria
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What are the three types of nutrient molecules digested?
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proteins: used for growth and repair
fats: energy and cushion carbohydrates; quick energy |
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What are the three types of blood vessels?
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artery
veins capillaries |
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What do arteries do?
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take blood away from the heart
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What do veins do?
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Take carbon dioxide poor blood back to the heart
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What do capillaries do?
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exchange gas, nutrients and waste
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What happens in the alveoli?
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gas exchange
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What is the waste product gas of respiration?
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carbon dioxide
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What do muscles produce during cellular respiration?
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heat
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Describe the process of cellular respiration
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sugar and oxygen are converted into energy, carbon dioxide and water
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What is the function of cellular respiration?
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Oxygen in, Carbon dioxide out
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What are the two main organs in the excretory system?
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Kidney: filters blood, recycles water and produces urine
Bladder: collects urine |
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What are the other three organs in the excretory system?
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lungs
liver skin |
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What is the function of the immune system?
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defend the body
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What are the three lines of defense in the immune system?
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1. Body's natural barriers: skin, breathing, mouth, stomach
2. Inflamation 3. Immune response: white blood cells and anti bodies |
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What do white blood cells do?
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attack-go to the wound and make anti bodies
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What do sensory neurons do?
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Carry stimulus to the brain
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What do motor neurons do?
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Carry responses from the brain to the muscles or nerves
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What is the path of an impulse in a reflex?
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sensory neuron to spinal cord to brain back to spinal cord to motor neuron
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How do the nervous system and the motor system work together?
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sensing and responding to stimuli
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What is a gland?
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makes hormones
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What is a hormone?
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a chemical that speeds up or slows down body functions
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What organs are part of both the endocrine and the reproductive system?
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ovaries and testes
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What is the sequence of organization in living things?
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cells
tissue organs organ system |
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What factors affect heart rate?
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factors include
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What do red blood cells do?
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Red blood cells
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What is the function of pepsin and HCL?
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Pepsin
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What is osteoporosis? Who is most susceptible to it?
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Osteoporosis is
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What is the a voluntary and an involuntary action in the nervous system?
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Voluntary
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What is a hypothesis?
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A hypothesis is a testable question
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What is a variable?
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something that changes from one experiment to the next.
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