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178 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1st arch becomes
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part of MAXillary artery
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2nd aortic arch becomes
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stapedial artery and hyoid artery
(starts with S just like the branchial arch stuff) |
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3rd aortic arch becomes
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common Carotid artery and proximal part of internal carotid artery
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4 aortic arch becomes
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left: aortic arch
right: proximal part of right subclavian artery |
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6th aortic arch becomes
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proximal part of pulmonary arteries
left only: ductus arteriosis |
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Clefts, arches and pouches become?
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CAP covers outside from inside
Clefts=ectoderm Arches=mesoderm Pouches=endoderm |
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1st arch cartilage
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I MMS
Mandible Malleus incus sphenoMandibular ligament |
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1st arch muscles
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Muscles of Mastication
teMporalis Masseter lateral adn Medial pterygoids Mylohyoid anterior belly of digastric, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini, anterior 2/3 of tonue |
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1st arch nerve
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CNV2 and V3
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2nd arch cartilage
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Reichert's cartilage
Stapes Styloid process lesser horn of hyoid Stylohyoid ligament |
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2nd arch muscles
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Smiling muscles.. (of facial expression)
Stapedius Stylohyoid posterior belly of digastric |
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2nd arch nerve
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VII
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3rd arch cartilage
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greater horn of hyoid
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3rd arch muscles
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stylopharyngeus
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3rd arch nerve
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IX
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4-6th arch cartilages
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CCCAT
thyroid cricoid arytenoids corniculate cuneiform |
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4th arch muscles
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most pharyngeal constrictors
cricothyroid levator veli palatini |
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6th arch muscles
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all intrinsic muscles of larynx
EXCEPT CRICOTHYROID |
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4th arch nerve
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X - superior laryngeal
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6th arch nerve
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X - recurrent laryngeal
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1st cleft derivative
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external auditory meatus
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2nd cleft derivatives
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obliterated
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3rd cleft derivatives
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obliterated
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4th cleft derivatives
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obliterated
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1st pouch derivatives
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middle ear cavity
eustachian tube mastoid air cells |
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2nd pouch derivatives
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epithelial lining of palatine tonsil
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3rd pouch derivatives (dorsal)
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inferior parathyroids
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3rd pouch derivatives (ventral)
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thymus
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4th pouch (dorsal) derivatives
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superior parathyroids
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developmental abnormality of 3rd and 4th pouches
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Di George and therefore T cell deficiency (thymic aplasia) and hypocalcemia (failure of parathyroid development)
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1st branchial membrane
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tympanic membrane
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taste on tongue
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VII
IX X |
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pain on tongue
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V3
IX X |
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motor on tongue
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XII
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thyroglossal duct can persist as
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pyramidal lobe of thyroid
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normal remnant of thyroglossal duct
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foramen secum
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cleft lip is from failure of fusion of
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maxillary and medial nasal processes
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cleft palate is from
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failure of fusion of
lateral palatine processes nasal septum median palatine process |
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which deformity is a disruption of the primary palate? secondary palate?
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primary: cleft lip
secondary: cleft palate |
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Diaphragm is derived from
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Several Parts Build Diaphragm
Septum transversum Pleuroperitoneal folds Body wall Dorsal mesentery of esophagus |
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which part of pancreatic bud becomes the head
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ventral
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spleen arises from dorsal mesentery but is supplied by artery of
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foregut
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GI parts in
foregut midgut hindgut |
pharynx to
duodenu to distal transvers colon to rectum |
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what happens if lateral body folds fail to fuse
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extrusion of abdominal contents through abdominal folds
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pronephros becomes
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first bit of kidney but degenerates at week4
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mesonephros becomes
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interim kidney for 1st trimester
later becomes male genital system |
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metanephros becomes
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permanent
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urogenital sinus becomes
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bladder
urethra allantois |
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what gene codes for testis-determining factor
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SRY gene on Y
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what does Mullerian hormone suppress
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development of paramesonephric ducts
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mesohnephric duct develops into
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male internal structures except prostate: (SEED)
Seminal vesicles Epidiymis Ejaculatory duct Ductus deferens |
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paramesonephric duct develops into
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Fallopian tube
uterus part of vagina |
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When is gastrulation
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week 3
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What day is implantation
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6
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when is fetus susceptible to teratogens
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week 3 to 8
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when does heart begin to beat
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week 4
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Which is motor, which is sensory:
alar plate (dorsal) basal plate (ventral) |
alar is sensory
basal is motor |
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rule of 2s for week 2
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2 germ layers (epiblast and hypoblast)
2 cavities (amniotic, yok sac) 2 components to placenta (cyto, syncytio) |
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rule of 3s for week 3
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3 germ layers/gastrula:
- ecotderm - mesoderm - endoderm |
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rule of 4s for week 4
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4 heart chambers
4 limb buds |
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what is this a derivative of: adenohypophysis
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surface ectoderm
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what is this a derivative of: lens
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surface ectoderm
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what is this a derivative of: epithelium of skin, ear, eye, nose
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surface ectoderm
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what is this a derivative of: epidermis
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ectoderm
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what is this a derivative of: neurohypophysis
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neuroectoderm
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what is this a derivative of: CNS neurons
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neuroectoderm
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what is this a derivative of: oligodendrocytes and astrocytes
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neuroectoderm
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what is this a derivative of: ependymal cells
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neuroectoderm
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what is this a derivative of: pineal gland
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neuroectoderm
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what is this a derivative of: ANS
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neural crest
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what is this a derivative of: dorsal root ganglia
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neural crest
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what is this a derivative of: melanocytes
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neural crest
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what is this a derivative of: chromaffin cells
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neural crest
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what is this a derivative of: enterochromaffin cells
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neural crest
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what is this a derivative of: pia and arachnoid
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neural crest
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what is this a derivative of: celiac ganglion
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neural crest
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what is this a derivative of: schwann cells
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neural crest
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what is this a derivative of: odontoblasts
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neural crest
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what is this a derivative of: parafollicular cells fo thyroid
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neural crest
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what is this a derivative of: laryngeal cartilage
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neural crest
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what is this a derivative of: bones of skull
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neural crest
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what is this a derivative of: gut tube epithelium and derivates
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endoderm
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what is this a derivative of: dura mater
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mesoerm
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what is this a derivative of: connective tissue
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mesoderm
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what is this a derivative of: urogenital structures
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mesoderm
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what is this a derivative of: lungs
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endoderm
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what is this a derivative of: liver
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endoderm
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what is this a derivative of: thymus
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endoderm
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what is this a derivative of: parathyroid
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endoderm
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what is this a derivative of: parathyroid
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endoderm
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what is this a derivative of: follicular cells of thyroid
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endoderm
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what is this a derivative of: peritoneum
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mesoderm
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what is this a derivative of: spleen
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mesoderm
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what is this a derivative of: adrenal cortex
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mesoderm
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what is this a derivative of: kidneys
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mesoderm
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what does the notochord induce
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ectoderm to form neuroectoderm (neural plate)
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mesodermal defects
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VACTERL
Vertebral defect Anal atresia Cardiac defects Tracheo-Esophageal fistula Renal defects Limb defects (bone and muscle) |
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mother took ace inhibitors
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renal damage in fetus
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mother took cocaine
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abnormal developement and addiction in fetus
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mother took iodide
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congenital goiter or hypothyroidism in fetus
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mother took vitamin A
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birth defects
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mother smoked
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preterm labor
placental problems ADHD |
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mother took warfarin
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multiple anomalies
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baby born with:
retardation microcephaly facial abnormalities limb dislocation heart and lung fistulas |
fetal alcohol syndrome
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which part of chorionic villi is the cytotrophoblast
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inner layer
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which part of chorion secretes hCG
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syncytio
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which is the maternal contribution to the placenta
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decidual basalis derives from endometrium
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how many arteries/veins in umbilical cord
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2 arteries, 1 vein
the vein is supplying oxygenated blood |
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what should you expect if there is only one umbilical artery
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other anomalies
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role of the urachus
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removes nitrogenous waste from fetal bladder
connects fetal bladder to allantois |
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what do umbilical arteries and veins derive from
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allantois
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bulbus cordis becomes
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smooth part of left and right ventricle
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primitive ventricle becomes
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trabeculated parts of left and right ventricle
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primitive atria becomes
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trabeculated left and right atrium
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left horn of sinus venosus becomes
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coronary sinus
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right horn of sinus venosus becomes
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smooth part of right atrium
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right common cardinal vein and right anterior cardinal vein become
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SVC
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which is on top, foramen primum or secundum? what divides them?
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foramen secundum is above the septum primum, which has descended and then detached from the top
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which dissapears first, septum primum or secundum
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primum
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what happens to the foramen secundum
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it gets grown over almost enitrely by the septum secundum that grows in from both the top and from the septum primum below
it seems that it persists as the foramen ovale, though |
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what happened to the endocardial cushions?
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they became all that was left of the septum primum
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what happens to the septum primum
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it becomes the valve of the foramen ovale
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where is erythropoesis in weeks 3-8
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yolk sac
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where is erythropoesis in weeks 6-30
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liver
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where is erythropoesis in weeks 9-28
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spleen
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where is erythropoesis after week 28
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bone marrow
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order of locations for fetal erythropoiesis
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Young Liver Synthesizes Blood
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fetal hemoglobin
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alpha 2 gamma 2
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adult hemoglobin
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alpha 2 beta 2
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umbilical vein becomes
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ligamentum teres hepatis inside falciform ligament
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umbilical arteries become
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medial umbilical ligaments
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ductus areteriosus becomes
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ligamentum arteriosum
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allantois becomes
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first urachus and then median umbilical ligament
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notochord becomes
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nucleus pulposus
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what is pancreas derived from
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foregut
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what does uncinate process of pancrease derive from
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ventral pancreatic bud
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what does main pancreatic duct derive from
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ventral bud
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what does body of pancreas derive from
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dorsal pancreatic bud
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what does tail of pancreas derive from
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dorsal pancreatic bud
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what does accessory pancreatic duct derive from
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dorsal pancreatic bud
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what is gastroschisis
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failure of lateral body folds to fuse
extension of abdominal contents through abdominal folds |
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what is omphalocele
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herniation of abdominal contents into umbilical cord
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what is the defaul urogenital development
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Female,
i.e., mesonephric duct disappears metanphros is permanent as kidney paramesonephric duct develops |
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male and female homolog of: genital tubercle
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glans penis/clitoris
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male and female homolog of: urogenital sinus
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corpus spongiosum
vestibular bulbs |
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male and female homolog of: urogenital sinus
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Corpus spongiosum
Vestibular bulbs bulbourethral glands of Cowper Greater vestibular glands of Bartholin and Prostate Urethral and paraurethral glands of Skene |
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male and female homolog of: Urogenital folds
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ventral shaft of penis (penile urethra)
Labia minora |
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male and female homolog of: labioscrotal swelling
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scrotum
labia majora |
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incus derives from
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1st arch
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sphenomandibular ligament derives from
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1st arch
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temporalis derives from
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1st arch
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lateral pterygoid derives from
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1st arch
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anterior belly o fdigastric derives from
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1st arch
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tnesor tympani devies from
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1st arch
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tensor veli palatini derives from
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1st arch
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anterior 2/3 of tongue derives from
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1st arch
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Reichert's cartivlage
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2nd arch cartilages
Stapes Styloid process lesser horn of hyoid stylohyoid ligament |
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lesser horn of hyoid derives from
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2nd arch
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muscles of facial expression derive from
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2nd arch
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posterior belly of digastric derives from
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2nd arch
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greater horn of hyoid derives from
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3rd arch
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stylopharyngeus muscle derives from
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3rd arch
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thyroid cartilage derives from
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4-6th arch
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cricoid derives from
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4-6th arch
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possterior 1/3 of tongue derives from
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3rd and 4th arch
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branchial arch 5 becomes
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nothing
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arytenoids derive from
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4-6th arch
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coniculate and cuneiform cartilages derive from
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4-6th arch
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pharyngeal constrictor muscles derive from
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4th arch
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cricothyroid muscle derives from
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4th arch
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levator veli palatini derives from
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4th arch
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larygeal muscles
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all are 6th arch except cricothyroid
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superior laryngeal derives from
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4th arch
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recurrent laryngeal derives from
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6th arch
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which branchial arch nerve does not have both sensory and motor
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V2
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what are the cervical sinuses
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temporary derivatives of the 2nd through 4th clefts that are obliterated by the proliferation of 2nd arch mesenchyme
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what ear structures derive from 1st arch
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malleus
incus tensor tympani (V3) |
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what ear structures derive from the 2nd arch
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stapes and stapedius (Seven)
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