Boards - Dit - Gi

Front 1

Innervation to tongue?

Back 1

Ant. 2/3rds = sensation = V3 (mandibular) , taste = CN 7 - facial

Post 1/3 = Cn 9 = Glossopharyngeal

MOTOR TO ALL ON TONGUE = CN 12 = Hypoglossal and does taste in very back on tongue

Front 2

most common location of salivary gland tumors?

Back 2

Parotid gland

Front 3

Most common salivary gland tumor? second most common? second most common BENIGN salovary gland tumor?

Back 3

Most common = pleomorphic adenoma (epi and mesenchymal differentiation)

Second most common = Mucoepidermal carcinoma = malignant

Second most common benign = Warthin's tumor (double layer columnar epi)

Front 4

Tongue develops from what?

Back 4

1st branchial arch forms ant 2/3

3rd and 4th arches form post. 1/3rd

Front 5

Phenytoin can cause what mouth pathology

Back 5

Gingival hyperplasia

Front 6

Bullous Pemphigoid and Steven's Jphnson present how in mouth?

Back 6

Lesions

Front 7

Osler-Weber-Rendau syndrome is auto dominant and presents with?

Back 7

Telangiectasias, Aneurysms, AVMs = arteriovenous malformations = nose and GI bleeds = iron deficiency = give iron

Front 8

Xerostomia is?

Back 8

Dry mouth

Due to: Sjogrens, Meds like anti-histamine and anti-cholinergic

Front 9

Squamous cell carcinoma of mouth can be due to tobacco and alcohol and is assoc with?

Back 9

HPV, mutations such as p16, p53, Cyclin D1

Front 10

Glossitis is due to?

Back 10

= Smoothening of tongue due to Vitamin B12 deficiency, Riboflavin, Niacin and Iron deficiency

Front 11

Measles can cause what in mouth?

Back 11

Koplic spots

Front 12

Cold sores due to?

Back 12

HSV 1 or HSV 2

Front 13

Pt has glossitis, white spots on tongue, iron deficiency anemia, esophageal dysphagia (trouble swallowing), and Leukoplakia. Leukoplakia can be due to what?

Back 13

Epstein-Barr virus

Front 14

failure of maxillary and medial nasal processes to form results in?

failure of fusion of the lateral palatine process, nasal septum, and or median palatine process recults in?

Back 14

failure of maxillary and medial nasal processes to form results in CLEFT LIP

failure of fusion of the lateral palatine process, nasal septum, and or median palatine process recults in CLEFT PALATE

Front 15

Causes of cleft lip or cleft palate?

Back 15

genetics, toxins, folate deficiency

Front 16

Difference between Gastroschisis and Omphalocele?

Back 16

Gastroschisis = guts out (no peritonean)

Omphalocele = Hernaition of abd contents into umbilical cord covered by peritoneum = MORE SERIOUS than gastroschisis b/c more organs are extruded.

Front 17

What arteries supply the foregut, midgut and hindgut?

Back 17

foregut = celiac a.
midgut = sup. mesenteric a.
hindgut = inf. mesenteric a.

Front 18

Define Duodenal Atresia

Back 18

When the duodenum doesn't connect with the other parts of the gut

Front 19

A pt's imaging shows dilated esophagus with an area of distal stenosis = birds beak - what can we say about the nervous system loss in this pt? Dx?

Back 19

This is Achalasia = failure of relaxation of lower esophageal sphincter due to loss of Myenteric plexus (Auerbach's plexus)

Pt can't swallow solids and liquids, inc risk esophageal carcinoma

Front 20

Pt went to S. America and got Chagas dis. due to Trypanosoma cruzi What are some of the symptoms you'll see in them?

Back 20

Cardiomegaly, Megaesophagus and secondary Achalasia

Front 21

Difference between Mallory-weiss syndrome, Boerhave syndrome, Esophageal strictures?

Back 21

Mallory-weiss syndrome = mucosal laceration at GE junction due to severe vomiting --> hematemesis (alcoholics + bulimics)
Boerhave syndrome = Transmural (=all the way through vs. Mallory Weiss - just mucosa) tear through esophagus due to violent retching
Esophageal strictures = assoc with lye and acid reflux

Front 22

Treatment for Eustachian tube dysfunction, nasal polyps, allergic rhinits?

Back 22

Nasal Steroids

Front 23

Mucormycosis is seen in what pts?

Back 23

Diabetic Ketoacidosis, immunocompromised pts, Leukemia, trauma/burns, malnutrition, Iron overload/deferoxamine

Front 24

Infectious rhinitis due to?

Back 24

Coronavirus, Rhinovirus, Adenovirus, Echovirus

Front 25

Pt has cilia that don't move and thus have recurrent sinus infections and coush a lot of phlegm. What are the associated conditions?

Back 25

This is Kartagener's Syndrome = primary ciliary dysmotility

We'll see Bronchiectasis, Infertility, Situs Inversus of organs

Front 26

Does strep throat cause runny nose?

Back 26

NO

Front 27

Coccaine can do what to your nasal mucosa?

Back 27

Coccaine vasoconstricts blood vessels = Ischemia = Perforation of Nasal mucosa

Front 28

Wegener's Granulomatosis can cause what in mouth?

Back 28

Granulomas of hard palate

Front 29

Layers of gut wall?

Back 29

Mucosa - Submucosa (Meissner's)- Muscularis externa (Auerbach's) - Serosa/Adventitia

Front 30

Most common tracheo-esophageal fistula?

Back 30

Type C = blind puch esophagus so babies will be cyanotic, choke, vomit with feeding, have air bubble in stomach polyhydraminos, failure to pass NG tube into stomach, and pneumonitis

Front 31

Difference between Zencker and Meckel's Diverticulum?

Back 31

Zencker = False = only mucosa herniates. Halitosis, dysphagia, obstruction

Meckel's = True diverticulum = All 3 gut wall layers outpouch. Most common congenital anomaly of the GI tract

Front 32

What are the features of Meckel's diverticulum?

Back 32

2 inches long, 2 feet from the ileocecal valve, 2% of population, first 2 years of life, may have 2 types of epithelia (gastric/pancreatic)

Front 33

Difference between Epiphrenic, Traction and Zencker Diverticulum?

Back 33

Location:

From TOP TO BOTTOM of esophagus:

Zencker - Traction - Epiphrenic

Front 34

Describe annular pancreas

Back 34

When Duodenum is surrounded by pancreatic tissue

in infants assoc with polyhydraminos

Front 35

60 y/o man with chronic reflux has esophageal cancer - most likely Dx?

Back 35

Adenocarcinoma