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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Kohler;s diseae
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avn kohler's disease
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legg calv perthes dieas
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avn fothe proximal femoral epiphys
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what joints makeup the MTJ
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calcaneo cuboid and talo navicualr joint
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During cosled chain pronation the the MTJO ___ and the MTJL ____
During closed chaine supination the MTJO ___ and the MTJL ___ |
During closed chain pronation the MTJO pronates and the MTJL supinates
During closed chain Supination the MTJO supinates and the MTJL pronates |
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What happens with the foot during contact phase
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- first heelstrike,
tibilasi santerior allows the forefoot to slowly lower to contact the ground - when the forefoot contacts the groudn the STJ pronates casuign the MTJO to pronate andthe MTJL to supinate in order to keep the forefoot on the ground when the calcaneus hits the ground it is supinated 2-3 degrees, the internal rotation of the leg cause the foot pronate. As the foot passes from a supinated to a pronated position the STJ passes through neutral postion. After the STJ has proante dthe calcaneus is 4 degrees everted pronation of the foot unolck the 1st ray which dorsiflexes 11 degrees |
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In limb length discrepancies which foot pronates, which foot supinates
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long limb pronates
short limb supinates |
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What happens biomechanically at End Contact/Midstance
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At the endof contact phase the foot is maximally pronated
toe-off stars, this pulls the foot forwad and casue the trailng limb to internally rotates and enter swing . The internal rotation of the swinging limb cause an external rotation of the pelvis on the weight bearing side. It is the this external rotation fo the wigh bearing limb that ends pronation and intiates resupination |
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what is the strongest pronator of the foot
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peroneus brevis
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What is the strongest pronator of the foot?
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Tibialis posterior
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what is the function of Peroneus logns
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pulls down 1st ray
aids in wight transfer from lateral to medial column acts as an evertor in open chain pronation actas a funcional supinator in close chain |
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What is the function of the Flexor hallucis longus
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supports the head of the talus
supports the proximal phalanx of the ast ray minor function fo holding down the distal phalanx |
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How much does the hallux need to dorsiflex in toe off
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65 degrees
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what is supination of a foot?
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a foot is supinated when it adducted, inverted, and plantarflexed
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what is pronation of a foot/?
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a FOOT is pronated when it is abducted, everted, dorsiflexed
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What is turf toe? and treatment?
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occurs from hyperextension or hyperflexion fo the 1st MPJ and IPJ, but if you have to pick one pick dorsiflexion.
Treat: rest 2-3 weeks, nSaids help, orthotics possibly with stiff forefoot and toe plates. |
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How might a patient describe an achilles tendon injury?
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-Did not experience much pain when the tendon ruptures
-heard an audible "pop" -felt like somebody kicked me in the back of the ankle -numbness set in form the knee down -feeling for the achilles tendon -nothing was there area felt like Jello |
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What difference does the location fo the achilles tendon tear make in treatment?
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if tear is 2-6 cm above the attachment tothe calcaneus, surgery is necessary due to poor blood supply
If the tear is 6 cm or more above the calcaneu casting is acceptable |
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What is a normal course of post surgicla repair for tear of achilles tendon
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casted 6 weeks post-op
rehab and condition for 6 weeks return to full activity in 6 months, maybe 4 months with accellerated program |
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What is the most common ligament torn in the ankle?
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Most common ligament torn is the anterior talofibular.
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What are the symptoms of fully compensated forefoot varus
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hellbings sign
no arch everted calcaneus after compensation abuducted forefoot on rearfoot promeince of hte talar head in the medial longitudinal arch Submet 2 keratoma |
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What will you see radiologically on a DP x-ray of forefoot varus foot
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bulge on medial side of foot
talocalcaneal divergence talocalcaneal angle is increase |
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Hallux limitus rigidus causes a _______ bunion
Halluxx Abducto Valus casue a _____ bunion. |
Hallux limitus rigidus causes a dorsal bunion
Hallux abducto valgus causes a medial bunion |
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What are the structures of the metatarsophalngeal complex?
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extensor digitorum longus
hood ligament extensor digitorum brevis capsule collateral ligaments interosseous muscles flexor digitorum longus flexor digitorum brevis |
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A common finding after a keller bunionectomy is what kind of fractures?
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stress fractures of the lesser digits
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What is the compensation for medial column cavus
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posterolateral imbalance w/retracted 1st and 2nd toes & STJ SUPINATION
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What is the compensation for posterior cavus foot
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STJ supination & forward shift of body balance
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What is the compensation for lateral column cavus
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STJ pornation
posteromedialimblance retractionfo the 4th and 5th digits |
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What are symptoms of medial tibial stress syndrome
Treatment? |
pain along posterior medial aspect of tibia, dull ache with varying intensity
felt at beginning of of workout bu subsides, gets worse with persistent effort Tx. reduce activy for 3-4 weeks, stetching, anti-nflammatory measures especially ices after workout |
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How long does it take for stress fractues to show up on x-ray
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2-3 weeks
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Symptoms of Anterior tibial tendinitis
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pain and swelling over the anterior aspect of the ankle
pain on dorsiflexion of ankle |
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What is the most imprtan treatment ofr patellofemoral pain syndrome
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strengthening quadrieps, also stretching hamstrings and IT band is important
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Symptoms of patellofemoral pain syndrome
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longstanding anterior knee pain,
pain is exacerbated going up or down staris, and jumping or running grating / cruncy feeling and edema /synovitis cna occur |
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Signs and symptoms of Iliotibial band syndrome?
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pain and point tenderness over latera femoral epicondyle about 2-3 cm proximal fo the knee joint line
pain running down hill relief by walking or running stiff legged pain intense at heel strike may have edema and inflammation Pain is way out of proprotion to actual problem |
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What will you see in a DP x-ray of an equinus foot
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increased tal-calcaneal divergence angle
medial talar escape lateral calcaeus nd forfoot dispalcement increased cuboid abductio agnel kidner syndrome mmay hav eenlarge navicular "gorillaform " naviuclar |
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What are the biomechanical effects of paralyis of tibialis anterior
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cock-up hallux
plantar flexed 1st ray foot drop cavus non-weightberain foot |
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What do you see on a lateral x-ray of equinus foot
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reduced or negative calcaneal incliniation angle
increased talr declination angle anterior breaki in thecyma lyine obliterated sinus tarsi talo-naviuclar fault forefoot supinatius w/ superimposition fo 1st ray possible elevatus of 1st ray |
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What kind of problems woudl a plantar flexed 1st ray cause
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retrograde force at MTJ and STJ
increase in calcaneal inclination angle tibiais psoterior attenuation tibials anterior weakness extensor hallucis long cause codk up hallus |
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What deformities combine to cause club foot
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equinus
adductus varus |
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clubfoot causes ____ rotation of the leg and _____ talus
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clubfoot cause external rotation of the leg and flat topped talus
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Where do you get shoe wear with rearfoot valgus
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medial heell and endtire medial counter of shoe
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Supinatus is maintained by the _____ tendon
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Supinatus is maintained by the Tibialis Anterior tendon
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In patients with reafoot valgus the calcaneus hits the ground____
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everted
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How does reafoot valgus affect the hallux and 5th toe
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there is a callus on the medial sode of hte hallux
there ian adducto varus and lateral aspect callus of the 5th toe |
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Pulling of what muscle cause hallux varus?
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abductor hallucis
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pulling of what muscle causes HAV?
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Adductor hallucis
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The lumbricals are ____ to the transverse metatarsal ligament
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THe lumbricals are plantar tot he transverse metatarsal ligament
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What is the porto pedis?
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The porto pedis is a ringlike canal through with the neruvascualr bundle passes as it enters the foot . It is an ara between the calcaneus an the abducto hallucis
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When do children typically get calcaneal apophysitis?
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8-13
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What is another name for calcaneal apophysitis?
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sever's disease
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What is Legg-Calve-Perhtes disease
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AVN of the proximal feoral epiphysis, can result in hip joint deofrmity and siapility in later life
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Metatasu primus elevatus causes what lesion patterns?
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submet head 2, plantar medial met head one, sub hallux IPJ, lesser digit contraction
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Global anterior cavus causes what lesion patterns?
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submethead 2-4 callus
claw toes with pipj lesions |
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Medial column cauves casue what lesion pattern
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submet head 1 & 5 callus
cock-up hallux and lesser retracted digits with doral PIPJ lesions |
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Lateal column cavus cause what lesion patterns
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submet head 5 callus
lesser 4 &5 digital retraction deformities with PIPJ lesions |
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metatarsus primus equinuis cause what lesion patterns
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subment head one callus
submet head 5 callus cock up hallux sith doral IPJ lesion retrocalcaneal pump bump |
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Ankle equinus deformity cause what lesion patterns
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submet head 2-4 callus
HAV with bunion deformity Tailor's buinion with splay foot hammerote deformites 2-4 possible submet 5 base callus |
