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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In an MRI what is Time to Echo
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Time between 90 degree excitation pulse and spin echo production
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In an MRI what is time to repetition
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time elapsed between 90 degreee excitation pulses
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On T1 images what light up intensely?
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fat, bone, marrow, cancellous bone, good for picturing anatomy
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what lights up on T2 images
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Water as seen in inlammation, cystic fluid, hemorrhage, tumors
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What are some indications or CT scan
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tarsal coalitions, fractures, and bone tumors
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when would yhou use a CT scan on a pregnat woman.
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Never, ever
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What is the gold standard or diagnosing tarsal coalitions
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CT scan
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What is pleural effusion
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pleural effusion is formed by the build up of fluid between layers of tissue in lung and chest cavity, common cause are CH adn blockage of blood vessels
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What is atelectasis
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atelectasis is the blocage o air passages which can occur ater surgery from anesthesia
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What is pneumothorax
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pneumothorax is the collection of air in the space around the lung usually as a result of trauma
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When do you use bone scans
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Boen scans are used when x ray results may be indeterminate. There is lag time on x-ray for conditions such as oteomyelitis, stress fractures,a nd achronci regional pain syndrome (RSD)
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What lights up in a bone scan,
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areas o trauma, areas of previous trauma, osteomyelitis, marrow edema, pretty much anything
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What are the phases of a bone scan
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1st phase, (blood flow) 1 -3 sec after injection'
2nd phase - blood pool 5-10 min after injection - accumulates in areas of hyperemia 3rd phase - bone scan or delayed scan- 3-5 hrs after injection accumulates in areas of osteoblastic activity |
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OM will be positive in which phase of a bone scan
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all 3 phases
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Osteoarthritis will be positive in which phases of a bone scan
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positive in 3rd phase, negative in 4th
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cellulitis will be positive in which phase of a bone scan
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positive in phases 1-2, but negative in 3rd phase
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What are WBC labeled bone scans used for?
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differentiat osteomyelits from other disorders like charcot arthropathy
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What is the normal Talocalcaneal angle, what else is it called?
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Talocalcaneal Angle or Angle of Kite - normal = 15-35 in adults
35-50 in ages 0-5 |
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What is cuboid abduction angle and what is it's normal range
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linesw long the lateral surface of both the cuboid and the calcaneus. Increases with Pronation
normal = 0-5 |
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What is forefoot adductus angle and what is normal?
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Forefoot adductus angle is the angle formed by the longitudinal refernce fo the rearfoot and the bisection of the second metatarsal
normal = 0-15 degrees |
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What does the anterior drawer prjection test for
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rupure of ATFL
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What does the stress dorsifelxion projection test for?
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taloccalcaneal angle, can be used in evaluation of talipes equinovarus
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What is the last bone to ossify before birth?
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cuboid
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what is the 1st bone to ossify before birth
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calcaneus
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Whta is the last bone to ossify after birth
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navicular at 3.5 years
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What is the first bone to ossify after birht
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lateral cunieform
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Calcaneal apophysis appears at what age?
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7 years
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Seasamoids appear at what age?
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12 years
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What bones are ossified before birth?
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talus, calcaneus, cubioid (can be absent in premature baby), metatarsals, proximale pahlanges, middle and distal phalanges (2-4) dital phalnx 1
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What age does the lateral cuneiform ossify
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3 mon
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What age does the tibial epiphysis ossify
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4 months
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What age does the cuboid and lateral cuneiform articulate
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6 months
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What age does the talr neck appear
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7 months
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What age does the fibular epiphyis appear
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18 months
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What age does medial cuneiform ossify
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24 months
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