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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Physiological Effects of Stress?
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Inc FA production
Inc 17-OH corticosteroids-->immunosuppression Inc lipids, cholesterol, catecholamines Affects water absorption, muscle tonicity, gastrocolic reflex, and mucosal circ |
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DDx for sexual dysfxn?
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Drugs (antiHTN's, SSRI's, ethanol)
Diseases (depression, diabetes) Psychological |
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Normal BMI?
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18.5-24.9
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What are the Sleep States? prevalence in normal night?
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1 (5%): Light Sleep
2 (45%): Deeper 3-4: (25%): Deepest, non-REM REM (25%): Dreaming |
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EEG Waveforms and sleep stages?
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Beta: wide awake
Alpha: awake, but eyes closed Theta: Stage 1 Sleep Spindles and K Complexes: Stage 2 Delta: Stage 3-4 Beta: REM sleep |
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mnemonic for remembering EEG wave patterns for sleep stages?
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at night, BATS Drink Blood
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What is needed to initiate sleep?
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Serotonergic predominance in raphe nucleus
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Effect of NE on sleep?
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it reduces REM sleep
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Why do your eyes move in REM?
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PPRF
paramedian pontine reticular formation (the conjugate gaze center) |
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What are the common occurrences seen in Stage 3-4 sleep?
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Sleepwalking
Night Terrors Bed wetting |
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Benzodiazepines and Sleep?
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Shorten Stage 4 which can be good for night terrors and sleepwalking
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Imipramine and sleep?
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Shortens stage 4 and is used for enuresis
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As far as the physiology goes, what is REM sleep like?
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SEX
inc pulse, tumescence, dec w/ age |
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Neurotransmitter w/ REM?
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ACh
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When does REM sleep occur?
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every 90 minutes and its duration inc's as the night progresses
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Narcolepsy and REM sleep?
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Narcoleptic episodes start off w/ REM sleep
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What is cataplexy?
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loss of muscle tone following strong emotional stimulus
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Rx for Narcolepsy?
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stimulants (amphetamines, modafinil)
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Who drives the circadian rhythm?
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Suprachiasmatic Nucleus of Hypothalamus
controls ACTH, PRL, Melatonin, nocturnal NE SCN-->Nocturnal NE-->pineal gland-->melatonin SCN is regulated by the environment |
