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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Dereg of the Ocean Liner Industry (1984)
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openend intl trans oceanic shipping to true mkt forces
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exporting
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selling product in another country. can use global intermediaries (indirect) or not (direct)
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licensing
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allows a firm in one country to use manuf processing, trademark, etc. provided by the licenser in another country
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direct ownership
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complete ownership of a foreign subsidiary. offers the highest degree of control over intl mkting and logistics strategy
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importing
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purchase and shipmt of goods from an overseas source
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joint ventures
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licensing company becomes equity partners w/the foreign enterprise
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countertrade
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applies to the req that a firm import something froma country in which it has sold something else, w/pmt usually in goods rather than $
barter, buyback, compensation, counterpurchase |
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duty drawback
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refund of customs duties paid on imported items. can be time consuming but can gen large cost savings
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foreign freight forwarders
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all areas of intl shipping
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non-vessel operating common carriers (NVOCC)
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like freight fwder, but accept responsibility for all shipping details including paperwork
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export mgmt and tracking
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can control most areas of foreign product dist
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customs house brokers
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facilitate product movement through customs and handle all necc doc
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export packers
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pkging expertise
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trading companies
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match sellers and buyers of goods, manage export arrangements
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uncontrollable elements in foreign mkts:
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political and legal systems
economic conditions degree of competition social and cultural norms lvl of dist tech avail/accessible |
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data logistics
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collection and maintenance of critical data elements throughout all business processes
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challeges
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relies heavily on use of tech
incrs need for data transfer std computers not easily adapted spans hardware, software, network, and symbologies |
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symbology
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A computer/machine readable language, which
expresses numbers and/or letters in a form which can read easily automatically. Can be considered to be a language which a computer is capable of understanding. |
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1D - 1 dimensional bar code
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code 39 - limited data storage
upc/ean - retail food/sales std, limited capability |
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2D
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Data matrix - retail
maxiCode - UPS; Intelligent mail devices (IMD) PDF 417 |
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touch button (1 wire)
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can run autonomous software
read/write capable high temp resist no power req 1 wire interface |
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biometrics
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use of human physical char as ID
fingerprint iris pattern facial features hand shape/size retina |
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RFID
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radio freq id
pot solve I problems |
