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21 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What is this?

This plus what enxzyme makes a product in the TCA cycle?
Citrate

Citrate synthase + AcetylCoA + OAA + H2O + HSCoA makes Citrate
Describe the aconitase reaction.
Citric acid (6c) is made to isocitrate.

an OH is moved from 3rd carbon to the second to last C.

An isomerase rxn that is reversible
Describe the isocitrate dehydrogenase rxn.
this rxn turns isocitrate into aKG (5C)

other products are NADH and CO2

THE FIRST CO2 comes off in this rxn

IRREVERSIBLE
Describe the aKG dehydrogenase reaction.
this rxn turns aKG into succinyl CoA (4C)

other products: NADH and CO2

IRREVERSIBLE
Describe the succinyl CoA synthetase reaction.
This rxn turns Succinyl CoA into Succinate

other product: GTP

IRREVERSIBLE
Which two rxns in the TCA cycle produce CO2 as a product?
Isocitrate dehydrogenase and aKG dehydrogenase

Here the 6 carbon citric acid goes to a 5C then 4C molecule
What are the 3 rxns in the TCA cycle that produce NADH?

FADH?
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase
aKG dehydrogenase
malate dehydrogenase make NADH


succinate dehydrogenase makes FADH
Which TCA rxn is an oxidative decarboxylation? What does this mean?

To which rxn is this similar?
aKG dehydrogenase rxn is an oxidative carboxylation rxn.

it requires Thiamine pyrophosphate, lipoic acid, FAD and NAD and HSCoA.

This is just like the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase rxn.
What is special about Citrate Synthase rxn?
It is the first committed step in the TCA cycle.

Thioester bond is cleaved by hydrolysis (HSCoA chopped off) to generate a large drop in free energy.

It is irreversible
Is the Succinate Synthetase rxn reversible?

What is this rxn an example of?
Yes.

Substrate level phosphorylation - bc the rxn yields a GTP via cleavage of a thioester bond to get energy to make the phosphoanhydride bond.
Which rxn of the TCA cycle is an alkane being oxidized to an alkene?

Is the rxn reversible?
Succinate dehydrogenase rxn. This rxn is makes Succinate (alkane) into Fumarate (alkene.

IRREVERSIBLE. The FADH produced go straight to ETC.
Which rxn is also part of the ETC?
Succinate Dehydrogenase is Compex II in the ETC.
Which rxn in the TCA cycle is an alkene hydrated to an alcohol?

Is the rxn reversible?
Fumarase rxn makes Fumarate (alkene) into Malate (secondary alcohol).

rxn is reversible.
Which TCA rxn is a secondary alcohol made into a ketone?
The Malate Dehydrogenase rxn makes malate (secondary alcohol) into oxaloacetate (ketone).
Describe the TCA cycle in terms of molecule class starting from succinate.
succinate is an alkane.

alkane-->alkene-->alcohol-->ketone
The net rxns of the TCA cycle result in the _________ of acetate into two ____.

What are the net products all together?
The net rxns of the TCA cycle result in the OXIDATION of acetate into 2 CO2.

From one acetylCoA:
3 NADH
1 GTP
1 FADH
2 CO2
COOH
.
CH2
.
CH2
.
COOH

is what molecule? Becomes what?
Succinate

and becomes Fumarate - and alkene with the double bond in the middle bt CH2 groups.
Fumarate becomes what? What is added to make this happen?
H2O is added to Fumarate with Fumarase and results in malate.

The double bond in the alkene is broken and instead malate has an -OH group on it's 2nd C.
O=C-COOH
.
CH2
.
COOH

is what ? What does it turn into?
This is Oxaloacetate. (Notice the 4 carbon structure)
Which are the molecules in the TCA cycle that have 6 carbons?

What is the difference bt the two molecules?
Citrate and Isocitrate have 6 carbons.

=OH on 3rd carbon in citrate.

-OH on 5th carbon in isocitrate.
In aKG, where is the carboxyl group formed?
on the 4th carbon.

COOH
.
CH2
.
CH2
.
C=O
.
COOH