Blunt Trauma, Soft Tissue, Musculoskeletal

Front 1

inertia

Back 1

tendency of an object to remain at rest or remain in motion unless acted upon by an external force.

Front 2

kinetic energy

Back 2

the energy an object has while it is in motion. It is related to the object’s
mass and velocity.

Front 3

axial loading

Back 3

application of the forces of trauma along the axis of the spine; this often results in compression fractures of the spine.

Front 4

crumple zone

Back 4

the region of a vehicle designed to absorb the energy of impact.

Front 5

pressure wave

Back 5

area of overpressure that radiates outward from an explosion.

Front 6

oxidizer

Back 6

an agent that enhances combustion of a fuel.

Front 7

blast wind

Back 7

the air movement caused as the heated and pressurized products of an explosion move outward.

Front 8

crush syndrome

Back 8

systemic disorder of severe metabolic disturbances resulting from the
crush of a limb or other body part.

Front 9

chemotactic factors

Back 9

chemicals released by white blood cells that attract more white blood cells to an area of inflammation.

Front 10

overpressure

Back 10

a rapid increase and then decrease in atmospheric pressure created by an
explosion.

Front 11

incendiary

Back 11

an agent that combusts easily or creates combustion.

Front 12

granulocytes

Back 12

white blood cells charged with the primary purpose of neutralizing foreign
bacteria.

Front 13

macrophage

Back 13

immune system cell that has the ability to recognize and ingest foreign
antibodies.

Front 14

phagocytosis

Back 14

process in which a cell surrounds and absorbs a bacterium or other particle.

Front 15

epithelialization

Back 15

early stage of wound healing in which epithelial cells migrate over the surface of the wound.

Front 16

neovascularization

Back 16

new growth of capillaries in response to healing.

Front 17

gangrene

Back 17

death of tissue or bone, usually from an insufficient blood supply; deep space
infection usually caused by the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium perfringens.

Front 18

compartment syndrome

Back 18

muscle ischemia that is caused by rising pressures within an
anatomic fascial space.

Front 19

rhabdomyolysis

Back 19

acute disease that involves the destruction of skeletal muscle.

Front 20

strain

Back 20

injury resulting from overstretching of muscle fibres.

Front 21

sprain

Back 21

tearing of a joint capsule’s connective tissues.

Front 22

subluxation

Back 22

partial displacement of a bone end from its position in a joint capsule.

Front 23

dislocation

Back 23

complete displacement of a bone end from its position in a joint capsule.

Front 24

transverse fracture

Back 24

a break that runs across a bone perpendicular to the bone’s
orientation.

Front 25

oblique fracture

Back 25

break in a bone running across it at an angle other than 90 degrees.

Front 26

comminuted fracture

Back 26

fracture in which a bone is broken into several pieces.

Front 27

spiral fracture

Back 27

a curving break in a bone as may be caused by rotational forces.

Front 28

fatigue fracture .

Back 28

break in a bone associated with prolonged or repeated stress

Front 29

greenstick fracture

Back 29

partial fracture of a child’s bone.

Front 30

epiphyseal fracture

Back 30

disruption in the epiphyseal plate of a child’s bone.

Front 31

osteoarthritis

Back 31

inflammation of a joint resulting from wearing down of the articular cartilage; a degenerative joint disease, characterized by a loss of articular cartilage and
hypertrophy of bone.

Front 32

rheumatoid arthritis

Back 32

chronic disease that causes deterioration of peripheral joint connective tissue.

Front 33

gout

Back 33

inflammation of joints and connective tissue due to buildup of uric acid crystals.