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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
medulla becomes SC at ___
bony landmark for this is ___ |
cervicomedullary junction
foramen magnum |
|
cerebral a.s run in the ___ space
|
subarachnoid
|
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cerebral v.s run in the ___ space
they send ___ v.s which traverse the ___ space and drain into ___ |
subarachnoid
bridging subdural sinuses |
|
Virchow-Robin space is a ___ward extension of ___ which occurs at ___
|
inward
subarachnoid space where vessels penetrate brain parenchyma |
|
___ rests on superior aspect of tentorium
|
temporal lobe
|
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___ sits between the 2 slopes of tentorium
|
midbrain
|
|
opening through which the midbrain passes
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tentorial incisura (or notch)
|
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above the tentorial incisura is an opening for ___
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great vein of Galen
|
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after entering ___, the great vein of Galen joins ___ to make ___
|
falx
inferior sagittal sinus straight sinus |
|
straight sinus joins with ___ to make ___, aka ___
|
superior sagittal sinus
confluence of sinues torcular Herophili |
|
confluence of sinuses has ___ for inputs
and ___ for outputs |
straight sinus
superior sagittal sinus occipital sinus transverse sinuses |
|
from choroid plexus of lateral ventricle, CSF flows through ___ to ___,
through ___ to ___, through ___ to ___ space |
foramina of Monro
3rd ventricle cerebral (Silvian) aqueduct 4th ventricle foramina of Magendie and Luschka subarachnoid |
|
CSF in subarachnoid space flows from ___ inferiorly to ___
and then superiorly to ___ before returning to venous circulation via ___ |
cisterna magna
lumbar cistern prepontine cistern perimesencephalic cisterns arachnoid granulations |
|
3 perimesencephalic cisterns
|
interpeduncular
ambient quadrigeminal |
|
interpeduncular fossa contains CN ___
|
3
|
|
prepontine cistern contains ___ (2)
|
basilar a.
CN6 |
|
arachnoid villi go through ___
|
meningeal dura
|
|
3 kinds of herniation
|
subfalcine
transtentorial tonsillar |
|
2 kinds of transtentorial herniation
|
central
uncal |
|
uncal herniation means ___
|
inferomedial compression of medial temporal lobe into tentorial incisura
|
|
uncal herniation pw ___ (3)
and sometimes with ___ |
blown pupil
hemiplagia coma PCA stroke |
|
in uncal herniation, blown pupil is ___lateral
hemiplagia is ___lateral |
ipsi
ipsi or contra |
|
central herniation pw ___ if mild
and ___ if severe |
CN6 palsy
tonsillar herniation |
|
tonsillar herniation pw ___ (3)
|
respiratory arrest
BP instability death |
|
subfalcine herniation pw ___
and sometimes with ___ |
nothing (usually)
ACA stroke |
|
symptomatic acute SDH requires ___
it is associated with ___ (2) |
high impact velocity
traumatic SAH brain contusion |
|
T/F: prognosis for symptomatic acute SDH is better than for SAH
|
false: usually worse
|
|
SDH begins to liquefy after ___
and is completely liquefied after ___ |
1--2 weeks
3--4 weeks |
|
old SDH with intermittent bleeding appears as ___ on CT, occassionally with ___
|
mixed density
HCT effect |
|
HCT effect means
|
gradient with hyperdensity at bottom
|
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___% of SAH is from ruptured aneurysm
|
75--80
|
|
circle of willis branch points most prone to berry aneurysms IDOOF
|
AComm (30% of all aneurysms)
PComm (25%) MCA (20%) |
|
___ end of PComm is the one prone to aneurysm
this pw ___ |
ICA
painful CN3 palsy |
|
cerebral contusion happens where ___, especially ___ (2)
|
gyri hit bony ridges of skull
frontal pole temporal pole |
|
pattern common with cerebral contusion
|
coup and contrecoup
|
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contusion is associated with ___ (3)
|
SDH
SAH intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH) |
|
3 causes of IPH
|
HTN
amyloid angiopathy vascular malformation |
|
2 histopath changes in hypertensive IPH
|
lipohyalinosis
Charcot-Bouchard micoraneurysm |
|
amyloid angiopathy is associated with ___ IPH
|
lobar
|
|
4 kinds of vascular malformations
of these, ___ are prone to hemorrhage |
AVM
cavernoma capillary telangiectasia developmental venous anomalies AVM cavernoma |
|
AVMs are ___
|
tangle of abnormal vessels with direct connections between A + V
|
|
cavernomas are ___ with ___
|
dilated vascular cavities
1 endothelial layer |
|
T/F: cavernomas are visible on angio
|
false
|
|
cavernomas are dxed with ___
|
MRI
|
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cerebral aqueduct flows through ___
|
midbrain
|
|
lateral walls of 3rd ventricle are made by ___ superiorly
and inferiorly by ___ floor of 3rd ventricle is made by ___ roof of 3rd ventricle is made by ___ |
thalami
hypothalamus hypothalamus fornices |
|
floor of foramina of Monro is made by ___
anterior wall of a foramen of Monro is made by ___ posterior wall of a foramen of Monro is made by ___ |
anterior commisure
column of fornix anterior thalamus |
|
roof of anterior horn of lateral ventricle is made by ___
medial wall is made by ___ lateral wall is made by ___ |
corpus callosum
septum pellucidum caudate nucleus |
|
septum pellucidum extends from ___ superiorly to ___ inferiorly
|
corpus callosum
fornix |
|
floor of temporal horn of lateral ventricle is made by ___
|
hippocampus
|
|
only the ___ dura extends inferiorly to the foramen magnum
|
meningeal
|
|
choroid plexus is present in ___ of lateral ventricle
|
body
atrium temporal horn |
|
choroid plexus is perfused by ___
|
anterior choroidal a.
medial posterior choroidal a. lateral posterior choroidal a. |
|
anterior choroidal a. perfuses choroid plexus of ___
|
temporal horn
|
|
medial posterior choroidal a. perfuses choroid plexus of ___
|
3rd ventricle
anterior body |
|
lateral posterior choroidal a. perfuses choroid plexus of ___
|
atrium
posterior body |
|
choroidal a.s access intraventricular space of lateral ventricles via ___
|
choroidal fissure
|
|
choroidal fissure is made of ___
|
pia-lined invaginated ependyma
|
|
choroidal fissure is squeezed between ___
it is shaped like a ___ it is an interface between ___ and ___ |
thalamus
fimbria and body of fornix C subarachnoid space intraventricular space |
|
medial posterior choroidal a. runs through a potential space called ___ formed by a structure called ___
|
velum interpositum
tela choroidea |
|
tela choroidea is formed by ___
|
pia-lined ependyma which invaginates anteriorly under the body of the fornix
|
|
velum interpositum is continuous posteriorly with ___
|
transverse cerebral fissure
|
|
in addition to the medial posterior choroidal a., tela choroidea houses ___
|
internal cerebral veins
|
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lateral posterior choroidal a. accesses chroidal fissure via ___
|
transverse cerebral fissure
|
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anterior choroidal a. access choroidal fissure via ___
|
ambient cistern
|