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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What layer of tissue inferior to the umbilicus is sutured for strength?
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Membranous layer of subcutaneous tissue (Scarpa's)
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What is important aboud endoabdominal fascia?
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Provides a plane that can be opened, enabling surgeon to approach structures on or in the anterior aspect of the pesterior abdominal wall (kidneys), without entering the membranous peritoneal sac.
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What are the 6 common causes of abdominal protrusion?
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Food, fluid, fat, feces, flatus, fetus
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What is muscle guarding and why is it clinically relative in the abdominal muscles?
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Involuntary spasms of the muscle to touch that occurs clinically when an organ such as appendix is inflamed, sign of acute abdomen.
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What is the cause and effect of injury to nerves of anterolateral abdominal wall?
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Can be caused by surgical incisions or trauma which leads to muscle weakening and can contribute to inguinal hernias.
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When possible, incisions follow what lines and for what reason?
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Cleavage lines on the skin that allos adequate exposure and the best possible cosmetic effect.
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What factors does the location of the incision depend on?
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type of operation, location of organs, bony or cartilaginous boundaries, avoidance of nerves, blood supply, minimizing injury to muscles and fascia, and favorable healing.
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In what direction should muscle fibers be cut?
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Split in the direction of and between the fibers.
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What is special about median/midline incisions?
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The linea alba is relatively bloodless and avoids major nerves.
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Where does a paramedian incision extend to?
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From costal region to pubic hairline
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What is McBurney's point?
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A point 2. cm supermedial to the ASIS on the spinoumbilical line where oblique McBurney incision is made.
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What is a suprapubic incision used for?
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Located at pubic hairline and used in gynecological and obsterical operations.
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What are transverse incisions?
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Allows for good access and cause least damage to nerve supply of rectus abdominis. New transverse band forms when muscle segments rejoin.
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What are subcostal incisions used for?
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Access to gallbladder and biliary ducts on the right side and spleen on the left.
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What are the concerns with Paracrectus and Inguinal incisions?
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Paracrectus- may cut nerve supply to rectus abdominis
Inguinal- injure the ilioinguinal nerves |
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What is an incisional hernia?
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A protrusion of omentum or an organ through a surgical incision
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