Blue Book Questions Mouse 2 Part 4

Front 1

Are all mice equally susceptible or is there genetic factors?

Back 1

Genetic factors cause mice to vary in susceptibility to MCMV.

Front 2

Why are mice considered a good model for human CMV infection?

Back 2

Because herpes is so species specific you can't take human CMV and infect any other animal.

Front 3

Mice have been used for study of HCMV for routine infection and congenital disease. They are both a good and not good model. Why?

Back 3

Mouse and human placenta similar - hemochorionic. Mouse and human placenta are dissimilar - human has only one trophoblastic layer where mouse has three .

Front 4

What does intranasal administration of CMV cause in mice?

Back 4

Interstitial pneumonia - depending on dose

Front 5

Vast majority of HCMV is subclinical or recognized. True or False.

Back 5

True

Front 6

Is MCMV a good model for HCMV for congenital caused problems? Why?

Back 6

No - MCMV causes different pathology than HCMV

Front 7

MCMV is similar to what virus in congenital caused problems?

Back 7

Varicella zoster

Front 8

Is MCMV a good model for HCMV caused chorioretinitis and encephalitis?

Back 8

No

Front 9

The __________ is the site of abundant viral multiplication during acute MCMV infection initiated IV or IP.

Back 9

Spleen

Front 10

The hepatitis induced by MCMV varies with the strain of _______ and _______.

Back 10

Virus, mouse

Front 11

Is the CNS a major area of pathologic change in MCMV?

Back 11

No

Front 12

Is the MCMV a relatively weak or strong antigen?

Back 12

Weak antigen

Front 13

The mouse thymic virus is another herpes virus. Is the virus lethal?

Back 13

No

Front 14

Are pathologic changes limited to the thymus?

Back 14

Yes

Front 15

What type of cells does this virus affect: B cell or T cell?

Back 15

T cells

Front 16

What is the mode of transmission of mouse thymic virus?

Back 16

Unknown

Front 17

Polyomavirus is a/an _____ virus and a highly stable DNA/RNA virus

Back 17

Oncogenic, DNA

Front 18

Polyoma virus injected into newborns causes an variety of histologically different ________.

Back 18

Neoplasms

Front 19

What family of virus is the polyoma virus?

Back 19

Papovavirus

Front 20

All of the papova viruses are small DNA/RNA viruses.

Back 20

DNA

Front 21

Polyoma virus is/is not highly antigenic.

Back 21

Is highly antigenic

Front 22

Animals immunized with polyomavirus are resistent/susceptible to polyoma induced tumor cells.

Back 22

Resistant

Front 23

What 2 antigens are produced by polyoma virus?

Back 23

Forssman antigen and interferon

Front 24

Does polyoma virus cause the host to be more resistant or susceptible to other viruses?

Back 24

Resistant

Front 25

Polyoma virus is very labile/stabile to heat and chemicals.

Back 25

Stable

Front 26

Young animals are more susceptible to polyoma virus than older animals. True or False.

Back 26

True

Front 27

What is the most prevalent site in mice of polyoma - induced tumors?

Back 27

salivary glands

Front 28

The appearance of polyoma virus - induced tumors in infected mice under natural conditions seldom occurs / occurs often.

Back 28

seldom occurs

Front 29

A MAP test has been used to detect virus in wild mice. What does MAP stand for and how is the test run?

Back 29

Map = mouse antibody production - weanling mice are injected IP with material suspected of containing virus. Mice are bled after 21 - 35 days and their sera tested for HI.

Front 30

MVM is highly contagious and extremely wide spread. True or False.

Back 30

True

Front 31

MVM is endemic in majority of CV and SPF mouse breeding colonies. True or False.

Back 31

True

Front 32

MVM though is not a common contaminant of transplanted mouse tumors and leukemia virus stocks. True or False.

Back 32

False - is a common contaminant

Front 33

In what family of viruses does MVM belong?

Back 33

Parvoviruses

Front 34

MVM contains a single strand/ double stand DNA/RNA genome?

Back 34

single stranded DNA

Front 35

The ability to agglutinate ______ but not ___RBC's distinguishes MVM from all other parvoviruses.

Back 35

Human, simian

Front 36

Is MVM ubiquitous?

Back 36

Yes

Front 37

What is the course of infection in mice with MVM?

Back 37

Young are infected but protected with maternal antibodies. From 2-8 week old mice infected (direct contact) and develop antibodies. While developing antibodies they shed virus.

Front 38

Does MVM infect tumors? If so, how?

Back 38

Yes, putting tumors into MVM mice will put MVM into tumors

Front 39

Is MVM mildly or highly pathogenic for mice?

Back 39

mildly pathogenic

Front 40

In what rodent is MVM highly pathogenic?

Back 40

hamsters

Front 41

MVM is the only parvovirus to infect cells of both the _______ and the _______ _______.

Back 41

mouse, Chinese hamster

Front 42

Name the 3 strains of MVM?

Back 42

MVM-CR and MVM-T and MVM-i

Front 43

The DNA genome of MVM is formed in what characteristic shape?

Back 43

hairpin

Front 44

DNA replication in MVM infection occurs in 3 stages. Only the 1st stage has a name. What is it?

Back 44

parental RF DNA

Front 45

Adenoviruses are DNA viruses with no envelope. True or False.

Back 45

True

Front 46

Name the 2 strains of adenovirus in mice. Which one is fatal to suckling mice?

Back 46

Strain FL, strain K87 - Strain FL is fatal to suckling mice

Front 47

When adults were given strain K87 where did the virus locate?

Back 47

Gastrointestinal

Front 48

A viremia was noted 1 day PI in suckling mice given adenovirus. Is this common for adenovirus? Why or why not?

Back 48

No. Few adenovirus reach a viremic state

Front 49

Fl strain adenovirus has a highly selective affinity for a particular gland. Name it? Its the only organ that is affected severely enough to cause functional alterations.

Back 49

adrenal gland

Front 50

How much hemagglutination is shown by the 2 murine strains of adenovirus? High, low, none?

Back 50

None

Front 51

Is mouse adenovirus indigenous to mice?

Back 51

It was but isn't anymore

Front 52

What does TMEV stand for?

Back 52

Theilers mouse encephalitis virus

Front 53

TMEV epidemiologically provided a landmark model for studies on fecal - oral transmission of _____________ viruses.

Back 53

polio

Front 54

TMEV's are RNA/DNA viruses similar to poliovirus and enterovirus.

Back 54

RNA

Front 55

What is the genius of TMEV?

Back 55

enterovirus

Front 56

Name 2 strains of TMEV?

Back 56

TO and GDVII. Also FA and MHG

Front 57

TMEV's occur naturally in wild mice, mus musculus. True or False.

Back 57

False. Occurs only in lab mice

Front 58

What age mouse is most often used in experimental studies? What route of inoculation is best?

Back 58

infant or adult mice - intracerebral

Front 59

The cardinal symptom observed in naturally infected mice is _________ __________ of the hindleg(s)

Back 59

Flaccid paralysis

Front 60

What CNS lesion is also found in TMEV infection?

Back 60

Demyelination

Front 61

What is the route of infection for TMEV? Why?

Back 61

Fecal oral - because virus locates in intestinal mucosa

Front 62

What animal is the only one involved in the endemic epizootic style?

Back 62

Lab mice

Front 63

All TMEV strains are pathogenic for infant rats inoculated intracerebrally. True or False.

Back 63

True

Front 64

Are TMEV's considered to be very prevalent and ubiquitous.

Back 64

Very much so - most prevalent and ubiquitous of mouse pathogens

Front 65

The 1st line in diagnosis of TMEV is the recognition of what?

Back 65

A paralyzed mouse

Front 66

If you suspected a colony of mice to have TMEV how would you isolate the virus?

Back 66

Take mouse fecal sample, make into suspension with antibiotics, centrifuge and use supernatant to inoculate intracerebrally into mice or tissue culture.

Front 67

What does EMC virus stand for?

Back 67

Encephalomyocarditis virus

Front 68

Name 3 other species that EMCV affects?

Back 68

Swine, non human primates, humans, also birds, insects, and some captive wild animals.

Front 69

Name some strains of the encephalomyocarditis virus.

Back 69

Columbia - SK, MM, Mengo.

Front 70

The encephalomyocarditis viruses are suitable as models for pathogenesis of what?

Back 70

Myocarditis, vasculitis and virus induced diabetes mellitus.

Front 71

Are encephalomyocarditis DNA or RNA viruses and what genus?

Back 71

RNA, enterovirus

Front 72

What geographic area in the U.S. has most cases of encephalomyocarditis?

Back 72

Florida

Front 73

What animal species is most seriously affected by encephalomyocarditis?

Back 73

Swine

Front 74

What lab rodent gets encephalomyocarditis in the wild?

Back 74

Cotton Rat. Sigmodon hispidus

Front 75

What are likely means of transmission of encephalomyocarditis?

Back 75

Fecal-Oral or eating carcasses or viscera of animals that have died and had EMC.

Front 76

When encephalomyocarditis is given experimentally (PO, Nasally, Parenterally) what clinical signs does one see in laboratory rodents?

Back 76

CNS signs (paralysis, encephalitis), myocarditis.

Front 77

What lab animal is not susceptible to encephalomyocarditis; it has only inapparent infection.

Back 77

Rabbits

Front 78

What NHP is highly susceptible to encephalomyocarditis?

Back 78

Owl monkeys (Aotus trivergatus).

Front 79

What other viruses cause myocarditis in lab mice?

Back 79

Adenovirus, reovirus, vaccinia

Front 80

How is Trypanosoma musculi (a flagellate) transmitted?

Back 80

By the Northern Rat flea. Nosopsyllas fasciatus

Front 81

Is Trypanosoma musculi very pathogenic?

Back 81

No

Front 82

_______ __________ is a ubiquitous coccidia with the mouse as its principle intermediate host. It occurs in gastrointestinal epithelial of definitive hosts and cats.

Back 82

Toxoplasma gondii

Front 83

The cat can be infected with T. gondii by what 3 routes?

Back 83

Congenital, carnivorism, ingestion of contaminated tissues or feces containing tachyzoites, bradyzoites or sporozoites.

Front 84

What stage of Toxoplasmosis gondii occurs in the rodent?

Back 84

Tachyzoite

Front 85

Is the rodent a definitive host or an intermediate host for T. gondii?

Back 85

Intermediate host

Front 86

Is T. gondii a sporozoa or protozoa?

Back 86

sporozoa

Front 87

Is there vertical transmission (intermediate and definitive host) with T. gondii?

Back 87

Yes

Front 88

Name definite host for T. gondii.

Back 88

Domestic cats and wild felids

Front 89

M-7741, ALDRIN, S-1 and BWM refer to what?

Back 89

Strains of T. gondii.

Front 90

Rank T. gondii strains in order of pathogenicity.

Back 90

M-7741 and Aldrin = highly pathogenic S-1 = less pathogenic BWM = least pathogenic

Front 91

How does T. gondii interfere with research?

Back 91

Immunosuppression of T and B lymphocyte function. Nonspecific activation of macrophages enhanced production of mice against certain unrelated pathogens. Alters development and of certain tumors to chemical carcinogens.

Front 92

How do you diagnose T gondii in mice?

Back 92

Immunoserologic methods = ELISA, IFA toxoplasmin skin test, histology , animal inoculation.

Front 93

Treatment, prevention and control of T gondii?

Back 93

Tx -- pyrimethamine and sulfas. No cats in mouse room - contaminated food or water

Front 94

_______ muris occurs as cysts in muscle of mice, wild norway rats and black rats.

Back 94

Sarcocystis

Front 95

__________ __________ is a coccidian that commonly occurs in kidneys of wild and conventional mice.

Back 95

Klossiella muris

Front 96

Describe life cycle of Klossiella muris?

Back 96

Sporocyst ingested, sporozoites released in blood, kidney schizogony occurs in endothelial cells to form schizonts which rupture into Bowman's capsule, merozoites released, enter epithelial cells of renal tubule, sporoblast formed, become sporocyst, rup

Front 97

What is the host of Klossiella muris?

Back 97

Mice. Species specific

Front 98

Describe pathology, if any of Klossiella muris infection.

Back 98

Usually asymptomatic unless heavy infestation. Enlarged kidney with grey spots. Lesions primarily at corticomedullary function.

Front 99

Diagnosis of Klossiella muris?

Back 99

Histology, urinalysis.

Front 100

Treatment, prevention and control of Klossiella muris?

Back 100

No Treatment, eliminate access by feral mice suspended caging, caesarian derivation.

Front 101

_________ __________ is a microsporidian parasite frequently found in brain and kidneys of rabbits, mice, rats, g.p and dogs.

Back 101

Encephalitozoon cuniculi

Front 102

Is life cycle of Encephalitozoon cuniculi direct or indirect?

Back 102

direct

Front 103

How does transmission occur?

Back 103

Spores shed in urine which is source of infection

Front 104

Encephalitozoon cuniculi is an obligate intra/extra cellular parasite causing/causing no clinical signs of disease.

Back 104

Intracellular, causing no clinical signs

Front 105

Which animal develops interstitial nephritis due to Encephalitozoon cuniculi: mouse or rabbit.

Back 105

Rabbit -- mice do not form interstitial nephritis

Front 106

What lesions do mice have? What clinical signs?

Back 106

Focal gliosis with lymphocytes and plasma cells accumulation in brain. Ascites, hepatosplenomegaly and hyperplasia of RES. No clinical signs. Also lymphocyte perivascular cuffing in gray matter.

Front 107

How do you diagnose Encephalitozoon cuniculi?

Back 107

Exam ascites fluid for spores in macrophages. Histology of brain, skin test, serology IRA

Front 108

Treatment, prevention and control of Encephalitozoon cuniculi?

Back 108

No Treatment, rigid test and eliminate infected colonies.

Front 109

Pnemocystis carinii is an opportunistic organism and present in many animal species as a latent infection. True or False.

Back 109

True

Front 110

The life cycle of P. carinii is indirect. True or False.

Back 110

False -- its simple and occurs within the alveoli of the lung.

Front 111

Name the 4 entities of P. carinii found in the lung.

Back 111

Trophozoites, precysts, cysts, intracystic bodies

Front 112

Is P. carinii pathogenic?

Back 112

No -- only in immunosuppression

Front 113

What characteristic histology occurs in infected lungs with P. carinii?

Back 113

alveoli filled with homogenous, honeycombed, foamy material which contain organisms.

Front 114

Is P. carinii intra/extracellular organism?

Back 114

extracellular

Front 115

Treatment, control, and prevention of P. carinii?

Back 115

pyrimethanine and sulfa. Caesarian derive, barriers and P. carinii free breeders

Front 116

Giardia muris is a flagellate. True or False.

Back 116

True

Front 117

In what part of the gastrointestinal tract does Giardia muris reside?

Back 117

anterior SI

Front 118

There are 2 forms of giardia. What are they and which is infective?

Back 118

Trophozoite -- with flagella ________ Cystic from -- infective via ingestion

Front 119

Does G. muris have high or low pathogenicity? Is there diarrhea?

Back 119

Low pathogenicity, no diarrhea

Front 120

Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention and control of Giardia?

Back 120

fecal smear and histology for diagnosis Treatment - flagyl Prevention and control -- proper sanitation, colony management and cesarian derive clean stock

Front 121

Spironucleus muris is also known as __________ muris.

Back 121

Hexamita

Front 122

What part of gastrointestinal tract does S. muris occur? What animal?

Back 122

Small intestine of conventional mice, rats, hamsters and other wild rodents. Usually in crypts of Lieberkuhn.

Front 123

What pathology occurs in gastrointestinal tract?

Back 123

Crypts of lieberkuhn distended, diarrhea.

Front 124

What research complications occur with S. muris?

Back 124

Interfere with immune response; Change macrophage metabolism; Increase sensitivity to X- irradiation; Increased mortality to cadmium exposed mice; Shorter life span of athymic mice; Decreased susceptibility to tumors because of activated macrophages.

Front 125

How do you differentiate on fecal examination between Giardia, Spironucleus (Hexamita) and Trichomonas?

Back 125

Spironucleus is elongated and presents in Crypts of Lieberkuhn, fast zig-zag movement and cyst. Trichomonas has obvious cleft; no cyst. Giardia has eyes and rolls and tumbles as movement.

Front 126

Trichomonas muris is nonpathogenic. True or False.

Back 126

True

Front 127

Where does Trichomonas muris occur in gastrointestinal tract of animals?

Back 127

Cecum, colon and small intestine of mice, rats, hamsters and wild rodents.

Front 128

Describe Trichomonas muris.

Back 128

Anterior nucleus, pod like axostyle, undulating membrane, 4 flagella, wobbly swimming.

Front 129

Transmission of Trichomonas muris is by ingestion of cyst. True or False.

Back 129

False. No cyst, ingestion of trophozoites.

Front 130

Eimeria falciformis is a pathogenic coccidium (sporozoa) that occurs in what part of the gastrointestinal tract in mice?

Back 130

Epithelial cells of the Large intestine.

Front 131

Cryptosporidium muris occurs in what part of the gastrointestinal tract in mice? Only slightly pathogenic.

Back 131

Occurs on the surface of the epithelium of mouse stomach.

Front 132

Cryptosporidium parvum is nonpathogenic, uncommon and occurs in what part of the GI tract?

Back 132

Small intestine. Surface of epithelial cells.

Front 133

Entamoeba muris is common/uncommon in what part of the gastrointestinal tract of mice, rats and hamsters and wild rats?

Back 133

Common in cecum and colon

Front 134

Entamoeba muris resembles what organism?

Back 134

E. coli

Front 135

There are two forms of Entamoeba muris: Trophozoite and cyst. What is present in the cyst?

Back 135

Food vacuole