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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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each breath given during CPR should take how long?
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1 second
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For what rhythms are shocks used?
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venticular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia
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What is depth of compressions for infants and children?
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one-third to one-half the depth of the chest
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definition of "Child" for BLS
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1 year to onset of puberty
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when do you phone first, when do you start CPR first?
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Phone first if witnessed sudden collapse of adult or child; CPR first for 2 minutes if infant or child with unwitnessed arrest or adult with a likely respiratory arrest
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What is the difference for victims wth advanced airways?
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no cycles of compressions/breaths; compressions are continuous and breaths are every 6-8 seconds
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What is the rate of rescue breathing without chest compressions in an adult?
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1 breath every 5-6 seconds
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What is the rate of breaths for rescue breathing without chest compressions for children?
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1 breath every 3 to 5 seconds
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What is the rate of breaths for rescue breathing without chest compressions in infants?
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1 breath every 3-5 seconds
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What is the compression: ventilation ratio for 1 rescuer CPR for victims of all ages?
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30:2
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What is the compression to ventilation ratio for 2 rescuer CPR for adults?
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30:2
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What is the compression to ventilation ratio for 2 rescuer CPR for infants and children?
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15:2
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When are chest compressions recomended in children and infants?
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HR < 60 with signs of poor perfusion
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where are compressions given for infants?
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just below nipple line, over lower half of breastbone
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What is the compression rate for adults?
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100 / min
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What is the compression rate for children?
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100 / min
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what is the compression rate for infants?
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100 / min
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Where is pulse checked in adult?
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carotid
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Where is pulse checked in child?
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carotid
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Where is pulse checked in infant?
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brachial
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What is the compression depth for adults?
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1 1/2 - 2 inches
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What is the compression depth for children?
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1/3 to 1/2 the depth of the chest
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What is the compression depth for infants?
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1/3 to 1/2 the depth of the chest
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Do you check a pulse right after a shock?
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no
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How many shocks are delivered by AED?
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one!!!
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For what ages are AEDs approved?
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above 1 year
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When do you use an AED?
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no response; no breathing; no pulse
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2 exceptions to the phone first rule for lone healthcare providers
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(1) adult likely victim of asphyxial arrest (e.g. drowning) (2) unwitnessed arrest in child out of hospital
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choking: do we use tongue jaw lift maneuver?
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no, just open mouth wide and look for object
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do we use abdominal thrusts if victim unresponsive?
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no. deliver 2 breaths then cycles of 30 compressions to 2 breaths
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characterize severe airway obstruction
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poor air exchange, weak cough, high pitched noise on inhalation, cyanosis inabiity to speak, etc..
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do we use abdominal thrusts if severe obstruction and responsive?
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yes, for child and adult. use back slaps and chest thrusts in infant.
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Adult victim is found unresponsive
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1. activate emergency response system, 2. get an AED, 3. open airway and check for breathing. 4. Give 2 breaths if not breathing or gasping.
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if breath does not make chest rise
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open airway again before giving second breath
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after giving 2 breaths, what?
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check for pulse
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How long can you spend checking for a pulse?
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5-10 seconds
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if you feel a pulse
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continue rescue breathing at rate of 1 breath every 5-6 seconds
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if victim starts to breath
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roll victim into recovery position and monitor
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When chest compressions are necessary, how often do you change chest compressors?
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every 2 min, when you check for pulse
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scenario 1 Q: You are working at your desk when you hear the receptionist call for help. You enter the waiting room to find a 63-year-old man slumped in a chair. You would first
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check for a response (gently tap the victim and ask “are you all right?”).
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Q: The victim does not answer or respond in any way. You would next
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A: activate the emergency response system and send for the AED (you can send someone to do these things).
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Q: You lower the victim carefully to the floor. The next thing you should do is
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A: open his airway using the head tilt—chin lift technique
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Q: After opening the victim's airway, your next step would be to
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A: check for adequate breathing.
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Q: The victim is not breathing adequately. You should
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A: provide 2 breaths (1 second each) using a mask with 1-way valve.
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Q: You are able to give breaths that produced visible chest rise. Your next step is to
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A: check for a carotid pulse.
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Q: The victim has a pulse, but is still not breathing adequately. You continue providing rescue breaths. Another healthcare provider arrives, bringing a bag-mask device. To provide 2-rescuer bag-mask ventilations you position yourself at the victim’s head and use the "E-C clamp" technique to maintain simultaneous mask seal, chin lift, and head tilt while your partner squeezes the bag. You give breaths at a rate of
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A: once every 5-6 seconds (rate of 10-12/min).
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Q: The victim has a pulse but is not breathing adequately. You should
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A: begin rescue breathing, giving a breath every 5 to 6 seconds, each breath lasting 1 second. Provide enough volume to make the chest rise.
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Use child pads on an AED for what ages?
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1 to 8
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Where are the electrodes placed
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1) right side of chest directly below collarbone
2) to left of nipple, a few inches below left arm pit |
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When do you "clear" patient?
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during analysis and again before the shock
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After the AED gives a shock, what do you do next?
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resume CPR beginning with chest compressions
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Can you use the AED if the chest is wet?
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quickly wipe the chest first
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What if patient has a medication patch on?
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remove patch before attachin AED pads
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what if the chest is hairy
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press on the pads. If that doesn't help, rip off the pads which will remove the hair. put new pads on.
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What if patient has a defibrillator or pacemaker?
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place pad at least 1 inch from device
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What if the implanted device shocks the patient?
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allow 30-60 seconds for the implanted defibrillator to complete its cycle before using the AED to shock
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choking: in cases of mild obstruction
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instruct victim to cough to clear obstruction
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what do you do for a victim with severe airway obstruction who is responsive?
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Abdominal thrusts (the Heimlich maneuver)
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How many abdominal thrusts do you give?
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repeat until object expelled or victim unresponsive
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If choking victim becomes unresponsive,
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activate emergency system and get AED
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unresponsive choking victim: continue cycles of compressions and breaths until
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you remove object and are able to give breaths that cause the chest to rise
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when do you check for a pulse in the unresponsive choking victim?
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after you have been able to deliver two adequate breaths
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Q: When you examine a child, you find her unresponsive. You send your assistant to activate the emergency response system and get the AED while you
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use the head tilt—chin lift technique to open her airway and check for breathing for at least 5 seconds and no more than 10 seconds.
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The child is not breathing. Your next step is to
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give 2 breaths using a mask with 1-way valve.
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Your next step is to
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check for a pulse.
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Q: The child has a pulse with a rate of 90/minute but is not breathing. You begin rescue breathing at a rate of 1 breath every
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A: 3 to 5 seconds.
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Q: The volume provided with each breath should be
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A: enough to cause visible chest rise.
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Q: Each rescue breath should be delivered over a period of
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A: 1 second.
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characterize mild obstruction in choking
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able to speak and cough forcefully
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treatment of mild obstruction
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encourage coughing
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choking child with severe obstruction--how long do you do Heimlich?
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until obstruction relieved or child becomes unresponsive
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Child choking becomes unresponsive, now what?
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Send someone to activate emergency response system and get the AED, while you remain with the child. If no one is present, you will remain with the child and activate the system after about 2 minutes of rescue support
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