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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Blood pressure is highest in _____.
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arteries
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Blood velocity is slowest in ____
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capillaries
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Most of the blood in the cardiovascular system is found in ____.
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veins
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Vasoconstriction of arteries will bring about an ____ in blood pressure.
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increase
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The circulatory shock as a result of a myocardial infarction.
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cardiogenic shock
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The circulatory shock that results from a bacterial infection.
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septic shock
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increases blood vessel diameter
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vasodilation
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What tissue makes up the below blood vessel tunics
tunica media tunica interna tunica externa |
tunica media - elastic fibers, smooth muscle
tunica interna - simple squamous epithelium tunica externa - elastic and collagen fibers |
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How would the below factors affect blood vessel resistance and blood pressure?
vasodilation of arteries losing weight an increase in a hematocrit the valsalva maneuver polycythemia |
vasodilation of arteries - BP decreases; blood flow increases
losing weight - an increase in a hematocrit - raises velocity of blood, increases resistance to flow and makes the blood more difficult for heart to pump the valsalva maneuver - increased viscocity of blood & increases BO polycythemia - increases resistance & BP |
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The pressure in the arteries when the heart is contracting.
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systolic pressure
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This pressure is the afterload.
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diastolic pressure
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3 differences between arteries and veins.
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1. veins have thinner walls
2. veins carry blood to heart/arteries carry blood away from heart 3. lumen of a vein is larger than artery |
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2 mechanisms that occur to bring about decompensated (progressive) shock.
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1. depression of cardiac shock
2. depression of vasoconstriction |
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When you stand up after lying down the increased demand due to gravity stiulates the baroceptors of _____ & _____ and results in increased ______ stimulation that results in _____; BP _____.
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arch of aorta
carotid sinus sympathetic vasoconstriction increases |
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2 mechanisms that help maintain normal BP during compensated shock.
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1. activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
2. secretion of ADH |
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How do the below factors influence blood vessels?
histamine angiotensin II atrial natriuretic peptide antidiuretic hormone epinephrine |
histamine - vasodilator
angiotensin II - potent vasoconstrictor atrial natriuretic peptide - causes vasodilation antidiuretic hormone - vasoconstriction epinephrine - vasoconstriction of arterioles, veins & vasodilation of arterioles in cardiac and skeletal muscle; constrict blood vessels |
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This vein returns blood to the right atrium from the heart itself.
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coronary sinus
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This artery supplies blood to the liver and stomach.
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celiac artery
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This vein drains blood from the leg
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great saphenous vein
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This vein carries blood from the kidney
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renal vein
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This vessel carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs
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pulmonary arteries
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this artery supplies blood to the heart
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marginal artery
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this artery supplies blood to the small intestine
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superior mesenteric artery
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this vein drains blood from the forearm
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basilic vein
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this is the artery commonly used for blood pressure tests
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brachial artery
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this is the vein that carries blood carrying the products of digestion to the liver
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hepatic portal vein
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4 differences between the adult and fetal circulatory system.
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1. ductus arteriosus -> ligamentum arteriosum
2. foramen ovale -> fossa ovalis 3. ductus venosus -> ligamentum venosum 4. umbilical vein -> ligamentum teres 5. umbilical arteries -> medial umbilical ligaments |
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What is a portal circulatory pathway?
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blood passes from one capillary network into another thru a portal vein.
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What is a regular circulatory pathway?
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blood passes from heart and then in sequence to the arteries, ,arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins and back to heart.
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Example of portal pathway & why setup the way it is?
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hepatic portal circulation.
so the capillaries of gastrointestine organs & spleen can deliver nutrient rich blood directly to liver via hepatic portal vein. |