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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Compare the wall of a vein with that of an artery
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It's thinner
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Compare the blood content of veins with artiers
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Contain more blood
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What two types of changes in diameter can arteries undergo?
What are the classes of arteries? What are small arteries called? Why are they considered small? |
Vasoconstriction: decrease lumen size
Vasodilation: increase Elastic (conducting) or muscular (distribution) internal diameter of 20um or less, arterioles |
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What are capillaries?
What do they do? What are their two basic structures? |
Endothelial tube inside a basal lamina
Form networks, surround muscle fibers, radiate through connective tissue, weave throughout active tissues Continuous Fenestrated: flattened = sinusoids |
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If total blood volume is unevenly distributed, how is it maintained?
What is capacitance? |
Venoconstriction maintains blood volume
Veins are capacitance vessels: relationship between blood volume and pressure; they act as balloons |
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What opposes the movement of blood? What must happen for blood to flow?
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Resistance of cardiovascular system; pressure gradient must overomce total peripheral resistance
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What is peripheral resistance?
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Resistance of arterial system
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What does capillary exchange allow the flow of? From where to where? Roles?
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Water and solutes from capillaries to interstitial space
Placsma and Interst fluid in constant communication, assists in lipid and tissue protein transport, accelerates nutrient distribution, carries toxins and chemical stimuli to lymphoid tissues |
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How is capillary filtration achieved?
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Capillary hydrostatic pressure forces water and solutes through gaps between adjacent endothelial cells in continuous capillaries. Size of solutes that move across are determined by dimensions of gap.
Results in reabsorption as solutes pumped into interstitial fluid |
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What two processes affect venous pressure and return?
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Muscular compression and respiratory pump
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If your muscles were producing lots of lactic acid you would expect your capillaries to do what?
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Dilate
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What would you expect to see happen to veins in cold temperature?
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constric
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Vasodilators accelerate blood flow in response to what conditions? What type of regulation is this?
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Decreased O2 levels, increased CO2 levels
Lactic Acid Nitric Acid Rising K+/H+ concentrations in interstitial fluid Inflammation Elevated temperature Autoregulation |
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How do neural system maintain vital organ blood flow? Specify what main center regulates this. Specifiec centers? NTs?
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Adjust cardiac output and peripheral resistance
Medullary center: Cardiac Vasomotr: constrict via NE, dilate via NO |
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If there's an increased CO2 concentration in blood, amount of blood flow needs to do what?
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Increase
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What does light exercise result in? Heavy exercise?
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Extensive vasodilation, increased venous return, rise in cardiac output
Increased blood flow to skeletal muscles, restriction of blood flow to nonessential organs |
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Describe the general functional patterns of blood.
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Peripheral distribution of arteries and veins is symmetrical (except near heart)
Single vessels have several names as they cross anatomical boundaries Arteries and corresponding veins usually travel together |
