Blood Lecture Exam

Front 1

What are the functions of blood?

Back 1

Defense against toxins and pathogens, transport of nutrients and wastes, transport of gases, transport of body heat.

Front 2

The most abundant component of plasma is

Back 2

water

Front 3

What organ secretes most of the plasma protein?

Back 3

the liver

Front 4

The most abundant class of proteins in plasma is

Back 4

the albumins

Front 5

Plasma proteins that defend the body against disease and act as transporters are

Back 5

globulins

Front 6

What is the plasma protein that is primarily responsible for maintaining fluid balance in the blood?

Back 6

albumin

Front 7

Under the microscope, mammalian red blood cells appear as

Back 7

biconcave discs without nuclei

Front 8

Avian and reptilian red blood cells differ from mammalian red blood cells in that...

Back 8

they have nuclei

Front 9

All the circulating red blood cells in an adult mammal originate in the

Back 9

red bone marrow

Front 10

red blood cell production is regulated by the hormone

Back 10

erythropoietin

Front 11

What organ/tissue produces erythropoietin?

Back 11

the kidneys

Front 12

All of the following would trigger erythropoiesis except?

a. as a consequence of hemorrhage

b. when blood flow to the kidneys is disrupted

c. increased tissue demand for oxygen

d. increased production of carbon dioxide

e. during anemia

Back 12

d. increased production of carbon dioxide

Front 13

oxygen is transported by which portion of the hemoglobin molecule?

Back 13

the iron in the heme group

Front 14

carbon dioxide is transported by which portion of the hemoglobin molecule?

Back 14

amino acids in the polypeptide portion

Front 15

a cell that can form erythrocytes or leukocytes is called a

Back 15

pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell

Front 16

an immature erythrocyte that enters circulation is usually called a(n)

Back 16

reticulocyte

Front 17

a decreased oxygen carrying capacity in the blood is called

Back 17

anemia

Front 18

the most numerous white blood cells in mammalian circulation are the

Back 18

neutrophils

Front 19

white blood cells that release histamine at the site of an injury triggering the inflammatory response are

Back 19

basophils

Front 20

_______ are large, phagocytic white blood cells that spend most of their time outside of the blood as fixed and free phagocytic cells

Back 20

monocytes

Front 21

the type of white blood cells that increase in number to combat bacterial infections are

Back 21

neutrophils

Front 22

the type of white blood cell that increases in number to combat a fungal or parasitic infection are

Back 22

eosinophils

Front 23

the type of white blood cell that can mature to produce antibodies are the

Back 23

lymphocytes

Front 24

which of the following has large red granules in its cytoplasm?

a. neutrophils

b. basophils

c. eosinophils

d. monocytes

e. lymphocytes

Back 24

c. eosinophils

Front 25

What type of white blood cell is the largest of the leukocytes with vacuoles in the cytoplasm and a distinctive kidney-shaped nucleus?

Back 25

monocytes

Front 26

What type of white blood cells would have large dark purple/black granules in its cytoplasm?

Back 26

basophils

Front 27

What type of white blood cell has a multilobed nucleus and tiny lavender/lilac granules in its cytoplasm?

Back 27

neutrophils

Front 28

the function of platelets is to assist in the

Back 28

process called hemostasis

Front 29

____ involves a cascade of reactions leading to the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin

Back 29

coagulation

Front 30

most of the protein factors that are required for clotting are synthesized by

Back 30

the liver

Front 31

the extrinsic pathway of coagulation is initiated by the

Back 31

release of tissue factor (Factor III) by damaged endothelium

Front 32

the intrinsic pathway of coagulation is initiated by the

Back 32

release of tissue factor (Factor III) by damaged endothelium

Front 33

the common pathway of coagulation begins with the

Back 33

conversion of Factor X to promthrombinase

Front 34

How would removal of calcium ions from a blood sample affect coagulation?

Back 34

coagulation would be prevented

Front 35

the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin is catalyzed by the enzyme

Back 35

thrombin

Front 36

the quickest or immediate response to when a blood vessel is damaged is

Back 36

vascular spasm

Front 37

what triggers the transformation of platelets leading to platelet plug formation?

Back 37

platelets contacting collagen in a damaged vessel wall

Front 38

a hematologic test that is used to determine the relative percentage of each of the various types of white blood cells is called a

Back 38

hematocrit

Front 39

a hematologic test that determines the relative volume of packed red blood cells to the total volume of blood is called

Back 39

hematocrit

Front 40

a hematologic test that is a count of the number of immature red blood cells per total number of red blood cells and can be used to indicate the rate of erythropoiesis is called

Back 40

reticulocyte count