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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the routine pretransfusion testing? |
1. ID info 2. ABO, RH 3. Ab identification 4. Crossmatch of donor cells with recipient serum |
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How are the A and B alleles expressed? |
1. Co-dominant |
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What leads to an O phenotype? |
1. Only O+O |
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What type of antibodies are ABO antibodies? |
1. IgM 2. Fix complement |
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What are the antigens in the Rh system? |
1. D, C, c, E, e |
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What type of antibodies are Rh antibodies? |
1. IgG |
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What type of hemolysis occurs in HDFN? |
1. Extravascular |
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What are the consequences of HDFN? |
1. Hypoxic injury to heart and liver 2. Hydrops fetalis 3. Hyperbilirubinemia 4. Kernicterus |
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What is the MCC of HDFN? |
1. ABO incompatibility |
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What is the most severe cause of HDFN? |
1. Rh incompatibility |
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What is hydrops fetalis? |
1. Accumulation of clear, watery fluid in tissues and cavity |
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What is the MCC of kernicterus? |
1. BBB suboptimal due to permaturity or acidosis
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What are the ssx of kernicterus? |
1. Cerebral edema 2. Yellow staining of basal ganglia, thalamus, cerebellum, cerebral gray matter, and spinal cord |
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When do you give RhIg to tx HDFN? |
1. 28-29 w gestation 2. 72 h post-partum |
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What is forward typing? |
1. Patient cells combined with reagents era 2. Tells us which ABO antigens are present on patient cells |
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What is reverse typing? |
1. Patient serum is combined with reagent cells 2. Tell us which ABO antibodies are present in the patient's serum |
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What does the Coomb's test detect? |
1. in vivo attachment of Ig or complement to RBCs |
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In what disorders is the direct Coomb's test used? |
1. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia 2. Transfusion reaction 3. HDFN |
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What is the indirect Coomb's test? |
1. Detects in-vivo attachment of Ig or complement to RBCs |
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When is the indirect Coomb's test used? |
1. Antibody screening 2. Crossmatching |
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What should you look for in an antibody screen? |
1. IgG 2. Kell 3. Kidd 4. Rh |
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What are the clinically insignificant antibodies? |
1. IgM 2. I, Le, M, N, H, P |
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What does crossmatch confirm? |
1. ABO typing |
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When and to whom can uncrossmatched blood be given? |
1. 5 minutes 2. O pos or O neg |
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When and to whom can emergency type-specific blood be given? |
1. ABO and Rh 2. Available in 10 minutes 3. Blood issued before crossmatch is complete |
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When and to whom can a type-specific with full crossmatch blood be given? |
1. ABO, Rh, Ab screen and crossmatch 2. 30 minutes |
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What type of screening does PRBC require? |
1. Crossmatch |
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How much should one unit of PRBC raise the Hgb and HCT? |
1. Hgb: 1 g/dL 2. HCT: 3% |
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What are leukocyte-depleted RBCs? |
1. Filters remove 99.9% of WBCs 2. Decreases risk of febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reactions |
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What are frozen deglycerolized RBCs? |
1. For rare blood types or military 2. Can be stored frozen 1 year 3. Expire 24 hours after thawing |
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What are washed RBCs? |
1. Removes platelets, plasma, and 90-99% of WBCs 2. Used for IgA deficiency 3. Expire 24 hours after thawing |
