Blood And Lymphatic System

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active immunity

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a long-lasting immunity that results from stimulating the body to produce its own antibodies; developed either naturally, in response to infection, or artificially, in response to the administration of a vaccine

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anemia

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a condition of reduced numbers of red blood cells, hemoglobin, or packed red cells in the blood, resulting in a diminished ability of red blood cells to transport oxygen to the tissues

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anisocytosis

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presence of red blood cells of unequal size

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antibody

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a substance produced by the body that destroys or inactivates an antigen that has entered the body

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autoimmune disease

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any disorder characterized by abnormal function of the immune system that causes the body to produce antibodies against itself, resulting in tissue destruction or loss of function

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basophil

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a granular leukocyte, named for the dark stain of its granules, that brings anticoagulant substances to inflamed tissues

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bone marrow aspiration

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needle aspiration of bone marrow tissue for pathologic examination

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bone marrow biopsy

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pathologic examination of bone marrow tissue

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cross-matching

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method of matching a donor's blood to the recipient by mixing a sample in a test tube to determine compatibility

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eosinophil

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a granular leukocyte, named for the rose-colored stain of its granules, that increases in allergic and some infectious reactions

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erythrocyte

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red blood cell; transports oxygen and carbon dioxide

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hematocrit

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a measurement of the percentage of packed red blood cells in a given volume of blood

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hemochromatosis

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hereditary disorder with an excessive buildup of iron deposits in the body

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hemoglobin

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a test to determine the blood level of hemoglobin

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hemolysis

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breakdown of the red blood cell membrane

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immunocompromised

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impaired immunologic defenses caused by an immunodeficiency disorder or by therapy with immunosuppressive agents

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immunosuppression

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impaired ability to provide an immune response

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leukemia

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chronic or acute malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by abnormal leukocytes in the blood and bone marrow

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leukocyte

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white blood cell; protects the body from harmful invading substances

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lymphadenopathy

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enlarged lymph nodes

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lymphadenotomy

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removal of a lymph node

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lymphocyte

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an agranulocytic leukocyte that is active in the process of immunity

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lymphoma

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any neoplastsic disorder of lymph tissue, usually malignant

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microcytosis

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presence of small red blood cells

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monocyte

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an agranulocytic leukocyte that performs phagocytosis to fight infection

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neutropenia

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a decreased number of neutrophils

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neutrophil

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a granular leukocyte, named for the neutral stain of its granules, that fights infection by swallowing bacteria

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pancytopenia

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an abnormally reduced number of all cellular components in the blood

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passive immunity

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a short-lasting immunity that results from foreign antibodies that are conveyed either naturally, through the placenta to a fetus, or artificially, by injected of a serum containing antibodies

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plasma

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liquid portion of the blood and lymph; contains water, proteins, and cellular components

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platelets

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thrombocytes; cell fragments in the blood that are essential for blood clotting

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Rh factor

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presence or lack of antigens on the surface of red blood cells, which causes a reaction between Rh-postive blood and Rh-negative blood

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Rh negative

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absence of antigens

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Rh positive

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presence of antigens

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septicemia

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systemic disease caused by infection with microorganisms and their toxins in circulating blood

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serum

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liquid portion of the blood that remains after clotting

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splenomegaly

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enlargement of the spleen

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splenectomy

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removal of the spleen

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thromboctyopenia

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an abnormally decreased number of platelets in the blood, impairing the clotting process

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thymus

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primary gland of the lymphatic system, located within the mediastinum, that helps to maintain the body's immune response by producing T lymphocytes