Blood And Lymph

Front 1

BLOOD

Back 1

THICK RED FLUID CONTAINING RBC'S, WBC'S & PLATELETS IN A FLUID CALLED PLASMA

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NORMAL PH

Back 2

7.35 - 7.45

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FUNCTIONS OF BLOOD

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TRANSPORT O2, REGULATE PH, PROTECT AGAINST INFECTION AND BLOOD LOSS

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ERYTHROCYTES

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RED BLOOD CELLS (RBC'S)

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HEMOGLOBIN

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COMPOUND IN RBC THAT CARRIES O2 & CO2

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NORMAL Hgb IN MALES & FEMALES

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14-18 g/dl MALES, 12-16g/dl IN FEMALES

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RBC LIFESPAN

Back 7

120 DAYS

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ARE RBC'S NUCLEATED?

Back 8

NO

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WHERE ARE RBC'S PRODUCED

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BONE MARROW

Front 10

PRODUCTION IS STIMUTATED BY _____ PRODUCED IN THE ________

Back 10

ERYTHROPOIETIN / KIDNEYS

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ERYTHROPOIETIN MEASURES

Back 11

LOW OXYGEN LEVELS IN THE BLOOD

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HEMATOCRIT

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MEASURE OF PACKED CELL VOLUME OF RBC'S

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HEMATOCRIT SHOULD BE ______ THE HEMOGLOBIN

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3 TIMES

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NORMAL HEMATOCRIT IN MALES/FEMALES

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42-52% IN MALES 37-47% IN FEMALES

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LEUKOCYTES

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WHITE BLOOD CELLS

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# OF WBC'S

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5,000 - 10,000

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LIFESPAN OF WBC'S

Back 17

FEW DAYS TO SEVERAL YEARS

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ARE WBC'S NEUCLEATED?

Back 18

YES

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WBC'S PRODUCED?

Back 19

BONE MARROW

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DIFFERENTIAL

Back 20

DIFFERENT KINDS OF WBC'S ARE REPORTED AS PERCENTAGES OF THE TOTAL

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2 CATAGORIES OF WBC'S

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GRANULOCYTES AND AGRANULOCYTES

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3 GRANULOCYTES

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NEUTROPHILS, EOSINOPHILS, BASOPHILS

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2 AGRANULOCYTES

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LYMPHOCYTES, MONOCYTES

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IF WBC'S < 3000

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MONITOR FOR & PREVENT INFECTION (FEVER CLOUDY URINE)

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GRANULOCYTES

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FROM RED BONE MARROW, CONTAIN GRANULES IN THEIR CYTOPLASM

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NEUTROPHILS

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PHAGOCYTOSIS, LYSOZYME

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POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES

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"POLYS" OR BANDS RELEASED INTO THE BLOOD STREAM WHEN NEUTROPHILS ARE DEPLETED

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EOSINOPHILS

Back 28

ALLERGIC REACTION & FIGHT AGAINST CERTAIN PARASITIC WORMS

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BASOPHILS

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NONSPECIFIC RESPONSE TO INFLAMMATION, RELEASE HISTAMINE CAUSING VASODILATION

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AGRANULOCYTE - MONOCYTE

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FUNTION SIMILAR TO NEUTROPHILS THROUGH PHAGOCYTOSIS

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AGRANULOCYTE - LYMPHOCYTES

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ANTIBODY FORMATION B CELLS AND T CELLS

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B-CELLS

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BIND TO SPECIFIC ANTIGEN

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T-CELLS

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MUTIPLY AND DIVIDE IN RESPONSE TO ANTIGEN

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THROMBOCYTES

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PLATELETS

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ARE PLATELES NUCLEATED OR NON-NUCLEATED

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NON NUCLEATED

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PLATELETS PRODUCED

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RED BONE MARROW (SMALLEST CELLS)

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PLATELETS LIFE SPAN

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5-9 DAYS

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# OF PLATELETS

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150,000 - 400,000

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PLATELET FUNCTION

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HEMOSTASIS AND CLOT FORMATION

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DESCIBE HEMOSTASIS

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PREVENTION OF BLOOD LOSS, VESSEL SPAM, PLATELET PLUG FORMATION, CLOT FORMATION

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(PT)

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PROTHOMBIN TIME 11 - 12.5 SECONDS (RAPIDITY OF BLOOD CLOTTING)

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(INR)

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INTERNATIONAL NORMALIZED RATION 0.7 - 1.8

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(PTT)

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PARTIAL THROMBOPLASTIN TIME 60 - 70 SECONDS FIBRIN CLOT FORMATION

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BLEEDING TIME

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1 - 9MINUTES (SMALL STAB WOUND)

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CLOTTING TIME

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3 - 9MINUTES AMT OF TIME FOR BLOOD TO CLOT IN A TUBE

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4 BLOOD TYPES

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A, B, AB, & O

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TYPE O

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UNIVERSAL DONOR

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TYPE AB

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UNIVERSAL RECIPIENT

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Rh FACTOR

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85% (+) IF Rh(-) PERSON RECIEVES Rh (+) THE PERSON DEVELOPS ANTIBODIES

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RhoGAM

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SHOT GIVEN TO (-)MOTHER WITH (+)FETUS TO AVOID HEMOLYSIS

Front 51

LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

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VESSELS, FLUID, TISSUE, NODES, TONSILS, SPLEEN, THYMUS

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FUNCTIONS OF LYMPH SYSTEM

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FLUID BALANCE, PRODUCTION OF LYMPHOCYTES, APSORBTION OF LIPIDS FROM INTESTINE TO BLOOD

Front 53

LYMPH NODES

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FILTER IMPURITIES & PRODUCE LYMPHOCYTES

Front 54

TONSILS

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LYMPHOID TISSUE IN THE OOROPHARANX

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SPLEEN

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LUQ STORES 500ML OF BLOOD

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THYMUS

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UPPER THORAX DEVELOPS T LYMPHOCYTES

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CBC

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COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT INCLUDES RBC, WBC, HCT, HGB, ERYTHROCYTE INDICES & DIFFERENTIAL

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MCV

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SIZE OF CELL

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MCH

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AMOUNT OF HGB AND COLOR OF CELL

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MCHC

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CONCENTRATION OF HGB

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RDW

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RED CELL DISTRIBUTION

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PERIPHERAL BLOOD SMEAR

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EXAMS SIZE, SHAPE & STRUCTURE OF RBC & PLATELETS

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SERUM MEGOBLASTIC ANEMIA PROFILE

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DX PERNICIOUS ANEMIA, REPLACES SCHILLING TEST, MEASURES VIT B12

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SCHILLING TEST

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MEASURES ABSORPTION OF RADIO ACTIVE VIT B12 AS IS EXCRETED IN URINE.

Front 65

WHAT CAUSES B12 TO NOT EXCRETE

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NO INSTRINSIC FACTOR (GASTRIC BYPASS)

Front 66

GASTRIC ANALYSIS

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USEFUL IN DETERMINING PERNICIOUS ANEMIA, GASTRIC SECRETIONS LOW, PH ELEVATED

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LYMPHANGIOGRAPHY

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DETECTS METASTATIC CANCER INVOLVEMENT OF LYMPH NODES ASSESS FOR ALLERGIES TO IODINE & SHELL FISH

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BONE MARROW ASPIRATION

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ILLIAC CREST, USED FOR PROFOUND ANEMIA, NEUTROPENIA, ACUTE LEUKEMIA, & THROMBOCYTOPENIA

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NAME 4 DIAGNOSTIC BLOOD TESTS

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GASTRIC ANALYSIS, LYMPHANGIOGRAPHY, CT OR MRI & BONE MARROW ASPIRATION

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ANEMIA

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LOW RBC'S, LOW Hgb, LOW Hct, & RBC DESTRUCTION

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4 DIVISIONS OF ANEMIA

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HEMORRHAGE, BONE MARROW DEPRESSION, HEMOLYSIS, IRON DEFICIENCY

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APLASTIC ANEMIA

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FAILURE OF RED BONE MARROW TO PRODUCE RBC'S, CAN BE CONGENITAL OR CAUSED BY VIRUS

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PANCYTOPENIA

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DECREASED RBC'S WBC'S AND PLATELETS

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(IDA) IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA

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RBC'S CONTAIN DECREASED AMOUNTS OF Hgb

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SICKEL CELL ANEMIA

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ABNORMAL CRESENT SHAPE RBC CONTAINING DEFECTIVE HEMOGLOBIN MOLECULE

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POLYCYTHEMIA

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AKA ERYTHROCYTOSIS ABNORMAL INCREASE IN RBC'S

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AGRANULOCYTOSIS

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SEVERE REDUCTION IN GRANULOCYTOSIS, B.E.N.

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LEUKOPENIA

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EXTREMLY LOW WBC'S

Front 79

LEUKEMIA

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EXCESS OF DEFECTIVE IMMATURE WBC'S IN BONE MARROW, LYMPH NODEAND BLOOD

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HEPATOMAGALY

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ENLARGED LIVER

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SPLEENOMEGALY

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ENLARGED SPLEEN

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COAGUALTION

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ANY MANIFESTATION THAT INTERFERES WITH THE CLOTTING MECHANISMS

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PETECHIAE

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BLEEDING UNDER THE SKIN

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THROMBOCYTOPENIA

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PLATELET DISORDER PLATES UNDER 100,000, SERIOUS RISK IF UNDER 20,000, UNDER 5,000 HEMMORAGE

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HEMOPHILLIA

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CLOTTING DISORDER

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DIC

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DISEMMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION

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DX OF DIC

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PROLONGED CLOTTING TIME FACTOR V AND FACTOR VIII BLEEDING & CLOTTING OCCUR SIMULTANEOUSLY

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MULTIPLE MYELOMA

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PLASMA CELL DISORDER

Front 89

LYMPHANGITIS

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INFLAMMATION OF ONE OR MORE LYMPH VESSELS FROM INFECTION OF AN EXTREMITY

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LYMPHEDEMA

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ACCUMULATION OF LYMPH IN SOFT TISSUE

Front 91

HODGKINS LYMPHOMA

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T CELL DISORDER, LYMPHOID TISSUE ENLARGEMENT EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS & REED STERNBERG CELLS

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NON HODGKINS LYMPHOMA

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LYMPHOID TISSUE ENLARGEMENT, VIRAL SOURCE & NO REED STERNBERG CELLS