Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
3 types of blood protiens |
Albumins- the sponge to help maintain osmotic balance. Sponge keeps water in
Globulins- essential component for immunity
Fibrinogen- key role in blood clotting
All plasma proteins have an essential role in maintaining normal blood circulation |
|
|
How much blood's in the body? |
4-5 L |
|
|
What makes up blood? |
Plasma = 55% Formed elements = 45% |
|
|
What makes up the blood plasma? |
Protiens Water 91% Other solutes
90% water and 10% solutes |
|
|
Wat are the formed elements? |
Platelets Leukocytes Erythrocytes 99% |
|
|
RBC'S |
Has no nucleus to max hemoglobin HB has 4 peptide chains each has a heme group that binds to o2 Epo from kidneys stimulates RBC formation |
|
|
RBC Destruction |
Usually last 120 days RBCs broken down by macrophage in spleen or liver When cell wall broken down, heme is left and is recycled into new RBCs Bilirubin gives urine and feces it's colour |
|
|
WBCs - Granulocytes |
Neutrophils - phagocytic, with granules containing lysosomes, capable of diapedesis. eosinophils - mainly release chemicals, weakly phagocytic, in resp and digestive mucus to help protect against worms basophils - cytoplasmic granules contain histamine and heparin, capable of diapedesis All mature in red bone marrow |
|
|
WBCs - Agranulocytes |
Lymphocytes - smallest WBC. Important for immunity. T-lymphocytes directly attack infected cell. B-lymphocytes produce antibodies against specific antigens Monocytes - LARGEST, mobile and highly phagocytic |
|
|
Platelets (thrombocytes) |
Primary role = blood coagulation and homostasis (stoppage of blood flow out of vessels)
Fragmentation of megakaryocytes
Has 3 important properties : 1. Agglutination 2. Coagulation 3. Aggregation
|
|
|
Platelet plug |
Platelets adhere to damaged endothelial lining and eachother 1-5 seconds after injury to a vessel, forming a plug. Temporary platelet plug is an important step in homostasis. This plug Secretes several chemicals involved in the coagulation process Secondary role is bacterial defence |
|
|
Dual activation of coagulation |
Extrinsic pathway - chem released from damaged tissues Intrinsic pathway - chem released from blood Both pathways result in the synthesis of prothrombinase |
|
|
Conditions the oppose clotting |
Smooth endothelial lining - platelets won't adhere Antithrombins - substances in blood that oppose clotting (heparin, warfarin) Hemophilia - don't form clots easily |
|
|
Conditions that promotes clotting |
Rough endothelium Abnormally slow blood flow |
|
|
Fibrinolysis |
Clot dissolution Plasmin (enzyme in blood) catalyses the hydrolysis of fibrin. Acts slowly |
