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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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At what vertebral level would you perform a lumbar puncture in an adult?
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a. L3/L4 or L4/L5
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What structures would the needle pass thru before entering the subarachnoid space?
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a. Skin
b. Superficial fascia c. Thoracolumbar fascia (with fused aponeurosis of the latissimus dorsi m.) d. Supraspinous ligament e. Interspinous ligament f. Ligamentum flavum g. Epidural space – epidural fat, internal venous plexus h. Dura mater i. Arachnoid mater |
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Where does the subarachnoid space end inferiorly?
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a. S2 v level
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Which cervical nerve passes through the intervertebral foramen between the 6th and 7th cervical vertebrae?
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a. C7
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What makes up the cauda equina?
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a. Dorsal and ventral roots of spinal nerves below L1 vertebra.
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You are unable to retract your scapula. Which muscles would be involved?
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a. Trapezius m. – middle fibers
b. Rhomboid mm. |
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If the rhomboid mm. were paralyzed, what other muscle would you expect to be affected to some extent? Why?
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a. Levator scapulae m.
b. Both innervated by dorsal scapular n. (C5) |
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You are unable to extend your shoulder. What muscle is paralyzed? What other actions would be affected? What nerve is probably lesioned?
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a. Latissimus dorsi m.
b. Adduction, medial rotation c. Thoracodorsal n. (C6,7,8) |
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The obliquus capitis inferior muscle is paralyzed. What nerve is probably lesioned? Fibers from what spinal cord segment is in that nerve? What other muscles would be affected? What area of skin would be affected ?
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a. Suboccipital n.
b. C1 dorsal primary ramus c. RCPMajor, RCPminor, OPS d. None. C1 dorsal rami does not have a cutaneous branch. |
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What articulations would I find between the L2 and L3 vertebrae? What type of joints are they? What are the features of these types of joints?
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a. Intervertebral joint between the vertebral bodies – 2° cartilaginous symphysis– IVD fibrocartilage
b. Zygapophysial joints between articular processes of adjacent vertebrae – synovial plane joint – fibrous capsule (articular capsule, synovial membrane), joint cavity |
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An injury to what nerve(s) would affect BOTH abduction and external rotation of the humerus at the shoulder?
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A. Suprascapular nerve
B. Axillary nerve |
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At what joint does a shoulder separation occur?
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Acromioclavicular joint
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What ligaments are torn with a Grade 3 shoulder separation?
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A. AC ligament
B. Coracoclavicular ligament --Trapezoid ligament, Conoid ligament |
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Paralysis of the subscapularis muscle would affect what movement(s) of the upper limb?
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A. Medial (internal) rotation at the shoulder
B. Adduction at the shoulder |
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If the deltoid muscle were paralyzed, which of the following shoulder movements would be affected?
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A. Flexion
B. Abduction C. Extension D. Rotation – medial and lateral |
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A lesion of which nerve would paralyze the deltoid muscle?
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Axillary nerve
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What muscles are strong medial (internal) rotators of the humerus at the shoulder? How?
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A. Latissimus dorsi m. – attached in bicipital groove of humerus
B. Pectoralis major m. – attached to lateral lip of bicipital groove C. Subscapularis m. – attached to lesser tubercle of humerus D. Teres major m. – attached to medial lip of bicipital groove |
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Calcium deposits (bone spurs, osetophytes) on the inferior surface of the acromion could result in what problem?
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A. Subacromial bursitis
B. Impingement or tearing of the supraspinatus muscle (rotator cuff tear) |
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What innervates the rectus capitis posterior major muscle?
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Suboccipital n., dorsal ramus of C1
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What muscles does the suboccipital nerve innervate?
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A. Rectus capitis posterior minor
B. Obliquus capitis superior C. Obliquus capitis inferior D. rectus capitis posterior major |
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Sensory innervation of the skin over the acromion is provided by what nerve(s)?
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Supraclavicular
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What Dermatome provides Sensory innervation of the skin over the acromion?
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C3 and C4
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The blood supply to the latissimus dorsi muscle is provided by what artery?
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Thoracodorsal artery
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The Thoracodorsal artery is a branch of what artery?
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Subscapular
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Rupture of the long head of the biceps brachii muscle can occur when the tendon is torn from its attachment to what structure?
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Supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula.
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The cervical plexus is composed of nerve fibers from which spinal cord segments?
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anterior rami of C1–C4
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Name the cutaneous branches that emerge from Erb’s point.
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lesser occipital nerve, great auricular nerve, transverse cervical nerve, and supraclavicular nerve
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What nerve innervates the teres major muscle?
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Lower subscapular nerve (C5, C6)
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What spinal cord segments are in the Lower subscapular nerve?
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C5 and C6
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What part of the brachial plexus does the Lower subscapular nerve come from?
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Posterior Cord
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What are the contents of the cubital fossa, from lateral to medial?
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Radial nerve (Deep branch, Superficial branch)
Biceps tendon Brachial artery (Ulnar artery, Radial artery) Median nerve |
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11. A 22 y.o. male is brought into the ER with a superficial stab wound to the left side of his neck. Physical examination reveals that he has drooping of his left shoulder, the inability to shrug or retract his left shoulder, and difficulty raising his left upper limb above his head. What single nerve lesion could cause all of these problems?
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Spinal Accessory Nerve (CN XI)
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