Block 4 Superficial Face

Front 1

Coronal suture

Back 1

Lies between frontal bone and 2 parietal bones

Front 2

Sagittal suture

Back 2

between 2 parietal bones

Front 3

Squamous suture

Back 3

between parietal bone and squamous part of temporal bone

Front 4

Lambdoid suture

Back 4

Between 2 parietal bones and occipital bone

Front 5

Junctions of the cranial sutures
PAs Never Intend Bad Luck

Back 5

-Pterion
-Asterion
-Nasion
-Inion
-Bregma
-Lambda

Front 6

Pterion junction

Back 6

Craniometric point at junction of: Frontal, parietal, temporal bones & great wing of sphenoid

Front 7

Asterion

Back 7

CMP: Parietal, occipital, temporal (mastoid part)

Front 8

Nasion

Back 8

Middle of nasofrontal suture; intersection of frontal and 2 nasal bones

Front 9

Inion

Back 9

Most prominent point of external occipital protuberance; used as fixed point in craniometry

Front 10

Bregma

Back 10

Intersection of of sagittal and coronal sutures

Front 11

Lambda

Back 11

Intersection of lambdoid and sagittal sutures

Front 12

What forms the "soft spot" (fontanel) in infants

Back 12

Bregma

Front 13

Parts of temporal bone (MASS Z)

Back 13

Zygomatic arch
Mastoid
Auditory meatus (external)
Styloid
Squamous

Front 14

Flat portion of the temporal bone

Back 14

Squamous

Front 15

What is the last suture to close (around 11 months)

Back 15

Bregma

Front 16

___ contains vacuous air cells that communicates with middle ear

Back 16

Mastoid process

Front 17

Ecchymosis (bruising) of mastoid process
-Name
-Indication

Back 17

-Positive Battle's Sign
-Basilar skull fracture

Front 18

Zygomatic arch

Back 18

Cheek bone

Front 19

Smooth median prominence of the frontal bone

Back 19

Glabella

Front 20

Infratemporal fossa location

Back 20

Below, medial to zygomatic arch

Front 21

Nasion
-In relation to glabella
-Becomes continuous with:

Back 21

-Inferior
-Nasal bones

Front 22

Sockets for teeth

Back 22

Alveolar bone

Front 23

Chin portion of mandible is the ____ area

Back 23

Mental

Front 24

3 foramen where trigeminal nn. comes out

Back 24

Supraorbital
Infraorbital
Mental foramen

Front 25

Orbit made up by

Back 25

Frontal bone
Zygomatic
Maxillary

Front 26

Bones that is the central portion of the skull

Back 26

Sphenoid

Front 27

Sella Turcica
-Deep central depression:
--Accommodates:
-Lies directly above

Back 27

-Superior structure of sphenoid bone
-Hypophyseal fossa
--Pituitary gland (hypophusis)
-Sphenoid sinus

Front 28

Anterior clinoid processes (2)
-Process of ____

Back 28

-Lesser wing

Front 29

Posterior clinoid processes (2)
-Tubercle of ____

Back 29

-each side of dorsum sellae

Front 30

-Clivus
-Formed by portions of ___ and __

Back 30

Downward sloping surface from dorsum sellae to foramen magnum
-Body of sphenoid, basilar occipital

Front 31

Lesser wing of sphenoid
-Forms anterior boundary of:
-Forms ___ separating anterior from middle cranial fossa
-Forms boundary of ______ fissure

Back 31

-Middle cranial fossa
-Sphenoid ridge
-Superior orbital fissure

Front 32

Greater wing of sphenoid
-Forms ___ and ___ of floor of middle cranial fossa
-Openings (3)

Back 32

-Anterior wall, floor
--Foramen rotundum
--Foramen ovale
--Foramen spinosum

Front 33

____ found between 2 wings; transmits:

Back 33

Superior orbital fissure and foramina; cranial nn.

Front 34

Foramen rotundum contains

Back 34

Maxillary division of trigeminal n.

Front 35

Foramen ovale contains

Back 35

Mandibular division of trigeminal n., accessory meningeal a.

Front 36

Foramen spinosum contains

Back 36

Middle meningeal a.

Front 37

Medial and lateral pterygoid plates

Back 37

Inferior projections of sphenioid

Front 38

Hammulus comes from

Back 38

Medial pterygoid plate

Front 39

Pterygoid fossa, hammulus, & 2 pterygoid plates are origin for:

Back 39

2 mm. of mastication

Front 40

Features of the scalp: SCALP

Back 40

Skin
Connective Tissue
Aponeurosis
Loose connective tissue
Periostium

Front 41

Aponeurosis of scalphow
-O
-I
--How it moves
-Name

Back 41

-Occipitalis, which is attached to skull
-Frontalis, not attached to skull
-Galea aponeurotica

Front 42

Loose connective tissue
-Forms ___ space
-Contains ___ v.
-Termed ___ because:

Back 42

-Subaponeurotic
-Emissary
-Dangerous area; infection (blood and pus) can spread easily in it or from the scalp to intracranial sinuses by emissary

Front 43

Emissary vv.

Back 43

valveless veins which normally drain external veins of the skull into the dural venous sinuses. However, because they are valveless, pus can flow into the skull through them as well, making them a possible route for transmission of extracranial infection to get into the skull.

Front 44

Loose connective tissue aka

Back 44

Areolar space

Front 45

Periostium
-Nerve/vascular
-Layer of connective tissue of bone

Back 45

-Highly vascularize/innervated
-Outermost connective tissue of the bone

Front 46

Where would scalping occur

Back 46

Loose connective tissue

Front 47

Frontalis m.
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V
--Notes

Back 47

-galea aponeurotica
-skin of the eyebrow
-elevates the eyebrows and wrinkles the forehead
-temporal branches of the facial nerve (VII)
-supraorbital and supratrochlear aa.
--frontalis is the anterior belly of the epicranius muscle

Front 48

Occipitalis
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V
--Notes

Back 48

-superior nuchal line
-galea aponeurotica
-pulls the scalp posteriorly; elevates the eyebrows
-posterior auricular branch of the facial nerve (VII)
-occipital a.
--occipitalis is the posterior belly of the epicranius

Front 49

How to tell if aponeurosis has been penetrated in scalp wound

Back 49

If wound gapes open

Front 50

Types of scalp wounds that will gape/not gape

Back 50

Coronal will, sagittal will not

Front 51

Muscles of the facial expression insert into

Back 51

Dermis of the skin

Front 52

Differentiating Bell's Palsy from stroke involves ___ m.
--How to

Back 52

Frontalis
-Bell's: Frontalis will not work
-Stroke: it will, can raise eyebrows

Front 53

Orbicularis oculi
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V
-Notes

Back 53

--orbital part: medial orbital margin and the medial palpebral ligament;
--palpebral part: medial palpebral ligament
--orbital part: skin of the lateral cheek;
--palpebral part: lateral palpebral raphe
-closes the eyelids
-temporal & zygomatic branches of the facial nerve (VII)
-supraorbital a., supratrochlear a., infraorbital a., angular branch of the facial a.
-activated involuntarily in the blink reflex; the palpebral part is active in normal blinking and the orbital part is used to forcefully close the eye

Front 54

Orbicularis oris
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V
-Notes

Back 54

-skin and fascia of lips
-skin and fascia of lips
-purses the lips
-buccal branch of the facial nerve (VII)
-superior/inferior labial (from facial), mental a., infraorbital a.
-the "kissing" muscle

Front 55

Mentalis
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 55

-anterior, midline mandible
-skin of the chin
-elevates the lower lip and skin of chin
-marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve (VII)
-mental a., inferior labial branch of the facial a.

Front 56

Zygomaticus major
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 56

-upper lateral zygomatic bone
-angle of the mouth
-elevates and draws the corner of the mouth laterally; smile m.
-zygomatic and buccal branches of the facial nerve (VII)
-transverse facial a., facial a.

Front 57

Zygomaticus minor
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 57

-lower zygomatic bone
-lateral upper lip
-elevates the upper lip; smile
-buccal branch of the facial nerve (VII)
-transverse facial a., facial a.

Front 58

Buccinator
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V
-Notes

Back 58

-Pterygomandibular raphe, mandible, maxilla
-angle of mouth and the lateral portion of the lips
-pulls the corner of mouth laterally; presses the cheek against the teeth keeping food centered on teeth
-buccal branches of the facial nerve (VII)
-facial a.
-although the buccinator is important in mastication, it is innervated by the buccal branch of the facial nerve and NOT by the buccal nerve from V3 (a sensory nerve)

Front 59

Risorius
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 59

-fascia of the lateral cheek
-skin of the angle (corner) of the mouth
-draws the corner of the mouth laterally; flattens lip; expressions of mirth
-buccal branches of the facial nerve (VII)
-transverse facial a., facial a.

Front 60

Procerus
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 60

-nasal bone
-skin between the eyebrows
-depresses the medial corners of the eyebrows; bewitched nose wiggle
-temporal branch of the facial nerve (VII)
-supratrochlear a.

Front 61

Nasalis
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 61

-maxilla above the incisor teeth and the canine teeth
-ala of the nose and midline aponeurosis
-flattens the nose, flare the nostrils
-buccal branch of the facial nerve (VII)
-superior labial branch of the facial a.

Front 62

Levator anguli oris
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 62

-canine fossa of the maxilla
-angle of the mouth
-elevates the angle of the mouth; a "smile" muscle
-buccal branch of the facial nerve (VII)
-infraorbital a., superior labial branch of the facial a.

Front 63

Levator labii superioris
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 63

-Inferior margin of the orbit
-skin of the upper lip
-elevates the upper lip, bare the upper incisor teeth, as in a sneer
-buccal branch of the facial nerve (VII)
-infraorbital a., superior labial branch of the facial a.

Front 64

Depressor labii inferioris
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 64

-Anterior surface of the mandible
-skin of the lower lip
-depresses the lower lip, bare the lower incisor teeth
-marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve (VII)
-inferior labial branch of the facial a., mental a.

Front 65

Depressor anguli oris
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 65

-oblique line of the mandible
-angle of the mouth
-pulls the corner of the mouth downward, frowning
-marginal mandibular & buccal branches of the facial nerve (VII)
-inferior labial branch of the facial a., mental a.

Front 66

Auricularis anterior, superior, posterior
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 66

-Temporal fascia, epicranial aponeurosis, mastoid process
-Anterior,superior, posterior auricle
-Facial (temporal/posterior auricular)
-superficial temporal a., posterior auricular a.

Front 67

Levator labii superiors alaeque nasi
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 67

-Frontal process of the maxilla
-ala of the nose and skin of the upper lip
-elevates the upper lip and flares the nostril
-buccal branch of the facial nerve (VII)
-infraorbital a., superior labial branch of the facial a.

Front 68

Corrugator supercili
-o
-i
-a
-n
-v

Back 68

-Medial supraorbital margin
-Skin/rim of orbit
-pulls eyebrows together medially- worried
-temporal branch of the facial nerve (VII)
-supratrochlear a.

Front 69

-4 muscles of mastication (MTPP)
-Innervation

Back 69

Masseter
Temporalis
Pterygoid
-CN V

Front 70

Temporalis m.
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 70

-temporal fossa and the temporal fascia
-coronoid process of the mandible, anterior surface of the ramus
-elevates the mandible; retracts the mandible (posterior fibers) ; mastication
-anterior and posterior deep temporal nerves from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V)
-anterior and posterior deep temporal aa.

Front 71

Masseter
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 71

-zygomatic arch and zygomatic bone
-lateral surface of the ramus and angle of the mandible
-elevates the mandible; chewing
-nerve to the masseter, from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V)
-masseteric branch of the maxillary a.

Front 72

Medial pterygoid
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 72

-medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate, pyramidal process of the palatine bone, tuberosity of the maxilla
-medial surface of the ramus and angle of the mandible
-elevates and protracts the mandible; mirrors the masseter m. in position and action with the ramus of the mandible between the two mm.
-medial pterygoid branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V)
-pterygoid branch of the maxillary a.

Front 73

Lateral pterygoid
-O
--Superior head
--Inferior head
-I
--Superior
--Inferior
-A
-N
-V

Back 73

--greater wing of the sphenoid bone
--lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate
-
--capsule and & articular disk of the temporomandibular joint;
--neck of the mandible
-protracts the mandible; opens the mouth; active in grinding actions of chewing; the only one of the muscles of mastication that opens the mouth
-lateral pterygoid branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V)
-pterygoid branch of the maxillary a.

Front 74

Nasal cartilage (ASL)

Back 74

Alar
Septal
Lateral

Front 75

Herpes zoster is a reactivation of ____ occurring along ____ distribution

Back 75

Chicken pox; dermatomal

Front 76

Presentation of herpes zoster

Back 76

Tingling of nose, headache

Front 77

Internal carotid supplies____ and ____

Back 77

Neurocranium and eyes

Front 78

Scalp supplied mostly by

Back 78

External carotid

Front 79

___ and ___ aa. arise inside orbit

Back 79

Supratrochlear; supraorbital

Front 80

___ tends to produces inflammatory response from parotid gland

Back 80

Mumps

Front 81

Parotid gland is invested in ___; derived from

Back 81

Parotid sheath; investing layer of deep cervical fascia

Front 82

Parotid duct opens where:

Back 82

Adjacent to 2nd molar

Front 83

Occipital lymph nodes swell with

Back 83

Mononucleosis

Front 84

Mandibular lymph nodes swell with

Back 84

Strep throat

Front 85

Submental lymph nodes swell with

Back 85

Herpes