Block 4 Histology Md 1 Renal 1 Part C

Front 1

Mesangial cells are =
3ct

Back 1

1. contractile
2. phagocytic
3. capable of proliferation.

Front 2

Mesangial cells

synthesize both =

Back 2

matrix
collagen

and secrete biologically active substances =
2ct

Hint 2

prostaglandins
endothelins

Front 3

Mesangial cells

Endothelins induce =

Back 3

constriction of
afferent glomerular arterioles.
and
efferent glomerular arterioles.

Front 4

Mesangial cells

synthesize both matrix and collagen, and secrete biologically active substances (prostaglandins and endothelins). Endothelins induce

Back 4

constriction of afferent and efferent glomerular arterioles.

Front 5

Mesangial cells

participate indirectly in the glomerular filtration process by:

Back 5

-Providing mechanical support for the glomerular capillaries.
-Controlling the turnover of the glomerular basal lamina material by their phagocytic activity.
-Regulating blood flow by their contractile activity.
-Secreting prostaglandins and endothelins.
-Responding to angiotensin II.

Front 6

immune mechanisms. Antibodies against glomerular components can cause infecton called =

Glomerular Dz

Back 6

glomerulonephritis

Front 7

Antibody-antigen complexes are not immunologically targeted to glomerular components.

Glomerular Dz

Back 7

They are trapped in the glomerulus because of the filtration properties of the glomerular filtration barrier.

Front 8

Autoantibodies can target domains of type

Glomerular Dz

Back 8

IV collagen,

Front 9

Immune complexes can deposit between the endothelial cells of the glomerular capillaries and the basal lamina (subendothelial deposits), in the mesangium, and less frequently between the basal lamina and the foot processes of podocytes (subepithelial deposits).
info only.

Glomerular Dz

Back 9

.

Front 10

Juxtaglomerular cells produce

Back 10

Renin

Hint 10

Front 11

Renin is produced by

Back 11

Juxtaglomerular cells

are where =

Hint 11

macula densa

Front 12

The macula densa, a distinct region of the

Back 12

Initial portion of the

distal convoluted tubule.

Front 13

The juxtaglomerular apparatus is a small endocrine structure consisting of:
4ct

Back 13

-macula densa
-extraglomerular mesangial cells.
-renin-producing cells (juxtaglomerular cells)
-a lesser extent, the efferent glomerular arteriole.

Front 14

macula densa is sensitive to changes in =

Back 14

NaCl concentration

Front 15

______ concentration affects renin release from the ____________ _______ =

Back 15

- NaCl

-Juxtaglomerular cells.

Front 16

Renin is secreted when the______ concentration or_______ _______ falls.

Back 16

NaCl

blood pressure

Front 17

tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism
is =

Back 17

The juxtaglomerular apparatus is one of the components of the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism involved in the autoregulation of renal blood flow and glomerular filtration

Front 18

The juxtaglomerular apparatus is one of the components of the _______ ________ _________ involved in the autoregulation of renal blood flow and glomerular filtration

Back 18

tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism

Front 19

The juxtaglomerular apparatus is one of the components of the tubuloglomerular feedback

Back 19

autoregulation of renal blood flow
and
glomerular filtration.

Front 20

The juxtaglomerular apparatus
other component is =

Back 20

sympathetic nerve fibers
(adrenergic)

innervating the =

Hint 20

juxtaglomerular cells.

Front 21

Renin secretion is enhanced by =

Back 21

norepinephrine
dopamine
secreted by =

Hint 21

adrenergic nerve fibers.

Front 22

Norepinephrine binds to ___ _________ receptors in the afferent glomerular arteriole to cause __________________ =

Back 22

α1-adrenergic

vasoconstriction

T/F
There is no parasympathetic innervation.=

Hint 22

True

Front 23

Juxtaglomerular Apparatus : Components =
1. macula densa of DCT

Back 23

a. DCT cells columnar
b. able to sense flow and ionic conc.
c. -influences afferent arteriole constriction
-glomerular filtration,
-renin secretion

Front 24

Juxtaglomerular Apparatus : Components =

2. JG Cells

Back 24

a. modified smooth muscle of afferent arteriole
b. secretory granules
c. protein synthesizing organelles
d. synthesize r
e. effect: increase Na+
and
Cl- absorption – distal tubules

Front 25

Juxtaglomerular Apparatus : Components =

3. Extraglomerular mesangial cells also known as =

Back 25

Polkissen cells
or
lacis cells

Front 26

Renin-angiotensin vasoconstrictor mechanism for arterial pressure control
RAAS =

Back 26

Decreased arterial pressure >

Renin >

Angiotensinogen (renin substrate) +
Angiotensin I (ACE)

Angiotensin II =

Angiotensinase (and activated)
vasoconstriction =
sodium retention =
H2O retention =

Increased arterial pressure

Hint 26

Front 27

***
Renal infarct can be caused by atherosclerotic plaques in the renal artery or embolization of atherosclerotic plaques derived from the _____ =

Back 27

aorta.

Hint 27

Front 28

Oxygenated blood is supplied by =

Back 28

renal artery

The renal artery gives rise to several =

Hint 28

interlobar arteries

Front 29

corticomedullary junction, interlobar arteries give off several branches
to form

Back 29

arcuate arteries

Front 30

The renal arterial architecture is =

Back 30

terminal

Meaning There are no =

Hint 30

anastomoses between interlobular arteries.

Front 31

arcuate arteries, run along the =

Back 31

corticomedullary boundary.

Hint 31

Front 32

Vertical branches emerging from the arcuate arteries are the =

Back 32

interlobular arteries,

penetrate the =

Hint 32

cortex

Front 33

As interlobular arteries ascend toward the outer cortex, they branch several times to form the =

Back 33

glomerular arterioles

Front 34

afferent glomerular arteriole, in turn, forms the =

Back 34

glomerular capillary network

enveloped by the two-layered capsule of =

and continues as the =

Hint 34

Bowman

efferent glomerular arteriole.

Front 35

This particular arrangement, a capillary network flanked by two arterioles (instead of an =

is called the = _____ or ___ ____ ____

Back 35

glomerulus
or
arterial portal system.

Front 36

glomerulus or arterial portal system. is used instead of a =

Back 36

arteriole and a venule

+

Hint 36

This particular arrangement, a capillary network flanked by two arterioles (instead of an arteriole and a venule) is called the glomerulus or arterial portal system.

Front 37

Back 37

Front 38

Depending upon the location of the renal corpuscle, the efferent glomerular arteriole forms two different capillary networks:

Back 38

peritubular capillary network

peritubular capillary network, lined by fenestrated endothelial cells
drains into the interlobular vein
converging to the =

Hint 38

arcuate vein.

Arcuate veins drain into the =









interlobar veins,

Front 39

The vasa recta (straight vessels), formed by multiple branching of the =

Back 39

efferent arterioles

located close to the =

Hint 39

corticomedullary junction.

Front 40

descending components of the vasa recta (arterial capillaries lined by =

Back 40

continuous endothelial cells

extend into the =

Hint 40

medulla,

Front 41

The descending components of the vasa recta (arterial capillaries lined by continuous endothelial cells) extend into the medulla, parallel to the medullary segments of the uriniferous tubules, make a hairpin turn, and return to the corticomedullary junction as =

Back 41

ascending venous capillaries

lined by =

Hint 41

fenestrated endothelial cells.